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Aerial and Aquatic Respiration in the River Crab Potamonautes Warreni Calman with Notes on Gill Structure 河蟹(Potamonautes Warreni Calman)的空气和水生呼吸作用及其鳃结构注释
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1990-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1990.10557365
W. V. Aardt
{"title":"Aerial and Aquatic Respiration in the River Crab Potamonautes Warreni Calman with Notes on Gill Structure","authors":"W. V. Aardt","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1990.10557365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1990.10557365","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The oxygen consumption rate (ṀO2) for Potamonauteus warreni Calman (= Potamon warreni (Calman) kept in 25 °C water was 34,4 μmol 1−1 O2 kg−1 and after 72 hours in 98% R.H. air the rate was 31,9 μmol 1−1 O2 kg−1 min−1. The ṀO2 values for each of the two groups are not significantly different (P > 0,05). The partial oxygen tension of pre-branchial (v = venous) haemolymph (PvCO2) is 15,3 mm Hg in water and 13,0 mm Hg in air); partial carbon dioxide tension of pre-branchial (v) haemolymph (PvCO2) is 13,2 mm Hg in water and 13,0 mm Hg in air); the total carbon dioxide concentration in pre-branchial (v) haemolymph (CvCO2) tot. is 12,3 mmol 1−1 in air and 13,9 mmol 1−1 in water) are not significantly different for the two groups (P > 0,05). The haemolymph pH and the lactate concentration for crabs in water was found to be 7,51 and 0,38 mmol 1−1 respectively. No significant differences were found in pre-branchial haemolymph oxygen tension, carbon dioxide tension, total carbon dioxide content, haemolymph p...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"251 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132331265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Fish Collections Taken from a Small Agricultural Water Withdrawal Site on the Groot River, Gamtoos River System, South Africa 从南非Gamtoos河水系Groot河上的一个小型农业取水点采集的鱼类
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1990-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1990.10557368
J. Cambray
{"title":"Fish Collections Taken from a Small Agricultural Water Withdrawal Site on the Groot River, Gamtoos River System, South Africa","authors":"J. Cambray","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1990.10557368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1990.10557368","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Periodic water releases from Beervlei Dam on the Groot River of the Gamtoos River System were planned to flush the riverine pools of brack water and replace the pools with better quality water which was used to flood irrigate lucerne lands. Fish collections were made in a small irrigation canal situated on the banks of the Groot River. Three fish species were collected. Results indicated that up to a total of 131 smallscale redfin minnows, Pseudobarbus asper, are removed from the system every five minutes at this one small water withdrawal site. Larger minnow specimens and carp, Cyprinus carpio, were entrained during high river flows. When the river flow was reduced there were higher catches of young of the year fish. The fish are carried with the pumped water, which is flood irrigated onto lucerne fields, resulting in stranding and eventual mortality. It is recommended that the use of suitable screens, such as wedge-wire screens, could reduce the number of fish removed from the system during thes...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116791643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Covariance Analysis of Chlorophyll Distribution in the Sundays River Estuary, Eastern Cape 东开普省周日河河口叶绿素分布的协方差分析
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1990-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1990.10557366
T. Hilmer, G. Bate
{"title":"Covariance Analysis of Chlorophyll Distribution in the Sundays River Estuary, Eastern Cape","authors":"T. Hilmer, G. Bate","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1990.10557366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1990.10557366","url":null,"abstract":"Summary An analysis of covariance performed on chlorophyll a distribution data from the Sundays River estuary identified five persistent water masses with significantly different chlorophyll a contents. These corresponded to different hydrodynamic regions within the estuary. The relationship between salinity and chlorophyll a was used to identify a transition zone between the low-salinity upper estuary and the brackish riverine inflow. Chlorophyll a concentrations ranged from 100 μg 1−1 in the middle and upper reaches. High variance of chlorophyll a data in this region was the result of temporal chlorophyll a fluctuations in two time scales. The first related to the daily ebb/tide and the second to the lunar spring/neap tidal cycle. Unlike its importance in larger and deeper estuaries, light played only a minor role in the horizontal distribution of chlorophyll a. The presence of a chlorophyll a maximum in the turbid low salinity region is explained in terms of the relatively ...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115538596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 49
THE DIURNAL MIXED LAYER IN LAKES AND OCEANS 湖泊和海洋的昼夜混合层
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1989.9631297
J. Largier
{"title":"THE DIURNAL MIXED LAYER IN LAKES AND OCEANS","authors":"J. Largier","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1989.9631297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1989.9631297","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY In this review the current ideas on diurnal mixed layers are discussed with reference to several observations. Essentially, solar heating sets up a shallow thermocline which traps and concentrates further influx of heat and momentum in the top few metres of the water. These shallow structures usually deepen during the afternoon and evening and are erased by convective cooling overnight. This trapping of momentum results in significant wind-driven diurnal currents which take a different form in bounded or unbounded water bodies. Although the net gain or loss of heat is negligible, the cumulative effect of these diel cycles results in a seasonal heating and cooling cycle. This stratification inhibits vertical exchange and may be a significant factor in plankton dynamics and pollution dispersion.","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114255618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF MKUZE SWAMP FISHES DURING A SUMMER FLOOD 夏季洪水期间姆库泽沼泽鱼类的分布和多样性
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1989.9631298
P. Skelton, A. Whitfield, N. James
{"title":"DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF MKUZE SWAMP FISHES DURING A SUMMER FLOOD","authors":"P. Skelton, A. Whitfield, N. James","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1989.9631298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1989.9631298","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Very little information is available on the fishes of the Mkuze swamps and this paper presents the results of an ichthyofaunal survey conducted in March 1988. The study, which coincided with a major river flood, determined that the fish fauna was considerably more diverse than expected and 25 species were collected from 31 localities. Several distinct communities are recognized including a river channel/floodplain community, lagoonal community, feeder stream community and lower swamp community. The subtraction of tropical freshwater fish species in the region is documented and a complete checklist for the Mkuze River system, including several new records from this survey, is presented.","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122384274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOTIC RESPONSES TO DECREASING WATER DEPTH IN A HIGHVELD PAN FOLLOWING WET AND DRY SUMMERS 夏季干湿交替后，高原区水体深度下降的物理、化学和生物反应
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1989.9631299
K. Rogers, W. Ellery, N. L. Winternitz, R. Dohmeier
{"title":"PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOTIC RESPONSES TO DECREASING WATER DEPTH IN A HIGHVELD PAN FOLLOWING WET AND DRY SUMMERS","authors":"K. Rogers, W. Ellery, N. L. Winternitz, R. Dohmeier","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1989.9631299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1989.9631299","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The classification of highveld pans by Geldenhuys (1982) emphasized the spatial diversity of morphology, vegetation and fauna. However, since the characteristics of individual pans also change seasonally and over longer term wet/dry cycles, he called for more detailed limnological studies to improve predictive and management potential. Marked changes occurred in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of Rolfes pan in response to winter drawdown following dry (1983) and wet (1986) summers. The constancy of physical and chemical conditions during 1986 contrasted with rapid changes in temperature, turbidity, conductivity and salinity as benthic plants disappeared in 1983. The abundance of emergent vegetation provided breeding sites for certain wetland birds in 1986 but shallow water and submerged plants attracted wading birds in 1983. Changes within and between years highlighted the importance of three distinctive limnological characteristics of pans; large surface area to volume ratio...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131237715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
THE LAKE ST. LUCIA SYSTEM—A RESEARCH ASSESSMENT 圣卢西亚湖系统研究评估
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1989.9631296
D. Cyrus
{"title":"THE LAKE ST. LUCIA SYSTEM—A RESEARCH ASSESSMENT","authors":"D. Cyrus","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1989.9631296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1989.9631296","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY This paper assesses the research undertaken at Lake St. Lucia over the past 25 years based on over 300 documents from that period. Trends related to both time and subject matter are evident, and these are considered in relation to the gaps in our current knowledge concerning the system. A feature evident throughout the period under consideration is that the major portion of documented material available relates to reports and contributions to workshops (77%) with only 23% from scientific publications. Contributions by these two sources to the subject group being considered for St. Lucia are markedly different with research publications dominating the biological field and reports dominating in physical aspects, catchment characteristics, man's activities, management, dredging and hydrological modelling. However, some 55% of all unpublished data related to reviews or assessments of the state of research on St. Lucia. The importance of the scientific publications group as an indicator of the state of...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"322 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132168641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AQUATIC SCIENCES: “SOMETHING OLD…SOMETHING NEW” 《南部非洲水产科学杂志》:“一些旧的……一些新的”
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1989.9631295
J. Thornton
{"title":"THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AQUATIC SCIENCES: “SOMETHING OLD…SOMETHING NEW”","authors":"J. Thornton","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1989.9631295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1989.9631295","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY This Editorial examines the editorial policy and content of the Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences. Beginning with this issue, the former Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa takes on a new form, incorporating a new “straight-up” production format In addition to this outward transformation, the content of the Journal of Aquatic Sciences also takes on a new form, covering a broader spectrum of the water research field including the freshwater and marine sciences. As a result of these new directions in publication, this Journal aims to continue to provide quality and relevant reading for water researchers, conservationists, managers and planners throughout southern Africa.","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114526423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SUITABILITY OF TROPICAL FISH FOODS FOR LABORATORY CULTURE OF FOUR SPECIES OF FRESHWATER SNAILS ACTING AS INTERMEDIATE HOSTS FOR ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT HELMINTH PARASITES IN SOUTH AFRICA 南非四种淡水蜗牛作为重要经济寄生虫的中间寄主，实验室培养热带鱼食品的适宜性
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1989.9631300
K. Kock, P. Joubert
{"title":"SUITABILITY OF TROPICAL FISH FOODS FOR LABORATORY CULTURE OF FOUR SPECIES OF FRESHWATER SNAILS ACTING AS INTERMEDIATE HOSTS FOR ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT HELMINTH PARASITES IN SOUTH AFRICA","authors":"K. Kock, P. Joubert","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1989.9631300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1989.9631300","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Four different kinds of tropical fish food from Tetra Werke, West Germany, as well as a mixture of two of these, were evaluated as possible nutrients for the laboratory culture and maintenance of four freshwater snail species of economic importance in South Africa. These included the intermediate hosts of both the local human schistosome species, i.e. Biomphalaria pfeifferi (Krauss) (intestinal bilharzia) and Bulinus africanus (Krauss) (urinary bilharzia). The other two species, Bulinus tropicus (Krauss) and Lymnaea natalensis Krauss are both of veterinary importance acting as inter mediate hosts of the trematode parasites causing paramphistomiasis and fascioliasis respectively. Age-specific life-tables were compiled for five cohorts of each snail species, each fed on one of the five nutrients and the values of the relevant population parameters compared to each other. The results showed that Tetra Min Baby Food ‘E’ for egg-layers was superior to all the other nutrients tested in respect of juveni...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130233309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS ON THE MACROCRUSTACEA OF COASTAL LAKES IN THE VICINITY OF RICHARDS BAY, ZULULAND, SOUTH AFRICA 南非祖鲁兰理查兹湾附近沿海湖泊大甲壳类动物的初步观察
Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/10183469.1989.9631301
P. E. Reavell, D. Cyrus
{"title":"PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS ON THE MACROCRUSTACEA OF COASTAL LAKES IN THE VICINITY OF RICHARDS BAY, ZULULAND, SOUTH AFRICA","authors":"P. E. Reavell, D. Cyrus","doi":"10.1080/10183469.1989.9631301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1989.9631301","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY A limited amount of research has been carried out on the four coastal lakes in the Richards Bay area. Due to the impending threat of water pollution from industrial, mining and residential areas within the catchments of these lakes there is an urgent need for the collection of baseline data before it is too late. This paper reports on preliminary observations on Macrocrustacea of the lakes. A total of 27 species were recorded, of which 8 are new distribution records for the species in fresh water and one, an isopod, is a species new to science from a family previously unrecorded on the African continent. Sixteen of the Macrocrustacea recorded were found to be relict estuarine species. The relationship between the Macrocrustacea are discussed in terms of habitat and dietary associations. The former category was found to be variable in the shallower Richards Bay lakes as opposed to Lake Sibaya whose depth (40 m) plays an important role in species distribution. Information is provided on habitat, sub...","PeriodicalId":161337,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127090100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
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