Traktory i sel'hozmashiny最新文献

{"title":"Determination of the effect on the energy intensity of granulation of the radii of the working bodies of the press granulator","authors":"V. Polishchuk, Orenburg State Univerisity, E. I. Panov, S. Vasilevskaya","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-6-86-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-6-86-92","url":null,"abstract":"Â.Þ. ÏÎËÈÙÓÊ, ä.ò.í. Å.È. ÏÀÍÎÂ, ê.ò.í. Ñ.Ï. ÂÀÑÈËÅÂÑÊÀß ê.ò.í. 1 Îðåíáóðãñêèé ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé óíèâåðñèòåò, Îðåíáóðã, Ðîññèÿ 2 Îðåíáóðãñêèé èíñòèòóò ïóòåé ñîîáùåíèÿ – ôèëèàë ÑàìÃÓÏÑ, Îðåíáóðã, Ðîññèÿ, mahpp@mail.osu.ru V.YU. POLISHCHUK, DSc in Engineering E.I. PANOV , PhD in Engineering S.P. VASILEVSKAYA, PhD in Engineering 1 Orenburg State Univerisity, Orenburg, Russia 2 Orenburg Institute of Railway Transport, branch of Samara State University of Railway Transport, Orenburg, Russia, mahpp@mail.osu.ru","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129268829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural ways to reduce the damage of planting potatoes bulbs when using a chain-spoon planting machine","authors":"S. S. Kazakov, O. V. ZHivaev, A. Nikulin","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-3-29-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-3-29-34","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117133509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of cleaning and the life cycle of the modernized filter for rough cleaning of diesel fuel","authors":"D. V. Halturin, A. V. Lysunec","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-6-58-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-6-58-64","url":null,"abstract":" ðàáîòå ðàññìàòðèâàåòñÿ ïðîáëåìà áåçîòêàçíîñòè òîïëèâíîé àïïàðàòóðû òðàêòîðíûõ äèçåëüíûõ äâèãàòåëåé â óñëîâèÿõ ïîíèæåííûõ òåìïåðàòóð. Îñíîâíàÿ ïðîáëåìà ýêñïëóàòàöèè òàêèõ äâèãàòåëåé çàêëþ÷àåòñÿ â óõóäøåíèè ïðîêà÷èâàåìîñòè òîïëèâà ÷åðåç òîïëèâîïðîâîäû, ïàðàôèíèçàöèÿ è çàáèâêà ôèëüòðîâ òîíêîé î÷èñòêè. Àâòîðû ïðåäëàãàþò íîâóþ êîíñòðóêöèþ ôèëüòðà ãðóáîé î÷èñòêè (ÔÃÎ), ãäå â êà÷åñòâå ôèëüòðóþùåãî ýëåìåíòà âûñòóïàåò ôèëüòðîâàëüíàÿ ëåíòà èç íåòêàíîãî èãëîïðîáèâíîãî ìàòåðèàëà ñ ïåðåìåííûì îáæàòèåì, îáëàäàþùåãî ïîâûøåííîé ýôôåêòèâíîñòüþ ôèëüòðàöèè ñ âîçìîæíîñòüþ îäíîâðåìåííîãî ïîäîãðåâà òîïëèâà. Äîñòîèíñòâîì ïðåäëàãàåìûõ èçìåíåíèé ÿâëÿåòñÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèå øòàòíîãî êîðïóñà ôèëüòðà ãðóáîé î÷èñòêè. Ïðåäñòàâëåíû ýêñïëóàòàöèîííûå èñïûòàíèÿ. Ïî ðåçóëüòàòàì ýêñïëóàòàöèîííûõ èñïûòàíèé ìîäåðíèçèðîâàííîãî ôèëüòðà ãðóáîé î÷èñòêè áûëî óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî â îòëè÷èå îò øòàòíîãî ýëåìåíòà ìàññîâàÿ êîíöåíòðàöèÿ çàãðÿçíåíèé ñíèæàåòñÿ ïðèìåðíî â äâà ðàçà, à âåðîÿòíîñòü îòñåâà ÷àñòèö ðàçìåðîì áîëüøå 30 ìêì ðàâíà 90 %. Ïîñòðîåíû êðèâûå ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ ÷àñòèö çàãðÿçíåíèé ïî ðàçìåðàì ïîñëå øòàòíîãî è ìîäåðíèçèðîâàííîãî ôèëüòðà è ðåñóðñíàÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêà. Ïðèâåäåíû ðåçóëüòàòû ñðàâíèòåëüíûõ ýêñïëóàòàöèîííûõ èñïûòàíèé ôèëüòðîâ íà çàãðÿçíåíèÿ. Îöåíåí ïåðåïàä äàâëåíèÿ íà ôèëüòðå ïðè íàñòóïëåíèè òåõíè÷åñêîãî îáñëóæèâàíèÿ, ïðåäëîæåíî óâåëè÷åíèå ðåãëàìåíòíîé çàìåíû ôèëüòðà. Îïðåäåëåíà ñòåïåíü îáæàòèÿ ôèëüòðóþùåãî ìàòåðèàëà, èñêëþ÷àþùàÿ ïîÿâëåíèå ïîñëå ÔÃÎ ÷àñòèö ðàçìåðîì áîëüøå 35 ìêì.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123604210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New technical device for traction tests of autotractor equipment","authors":"S. V. Habardin, G. Polyakov, S. Shukhanov","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2021-3-37-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2021-3-37-41","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced agricultural production is based on innovative scientific developments. The priority direction is given to the technical support of the agro-industrial complex, which makes it possible to significantly increase labor productivity in this sector of the economy, including the quality of products. Autotractor equipment is not an exception in this regard. Its correct operation largely de-pends on its timely and qualified maintenance, including tests. Traction tests of machinery make it possible to establish and test their traction characteristics, economy, high-quality performance indi-cators of the main units, as well as control systems. A new technical means (load support) for trac-tion tests of auto-tractor equipment is proposed. It includes a base, a support and brake plate in-stalled on it for placing the tested equipment on it and a traction-braking device. The design of the support and brake plate is made in the form of a treadmill. The base is made with the possibility of mounting a traction-braking device in it and is made in the form of a recess with a small ledge in the bottom part. Traction-braking device consists of two bracings and support boards made in the form of parallelepiped. Front bracing is secured from base front wall element. The rear bracing is mounted on a small ledge on the side of the rear wall of the base. The structures of the lower part of the front pillar, as well as the upper part of the rear pillar, are firmly attached to the spar by braces. To the left and to the right of the installed bracings there are locks in the form of bars. The advantages of the new technical device for traction tests of autotractor equipment are expressed in the improvement of operational properties through reduced weight and size characteristics, simpler design, as well as small amount of preparatory work.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"322 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123652015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method for determining the parameters of the front loader electromechanical transmission","authors":"V. Gorelov, B. Kositsyn, A. Stadukhin, O. Chudakov","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2021-5-38-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2021-5-38-45","url":null,"abstract":"A method for calculating the traction motor of a hybrid transmission of a front-end loader is pro-posed. It is indicated that these vehicles are characterized by a mode of operation with multiple ac-celerations and decelerations, as well as alternating operations with high and low required traction force. An electromechanical transmission scheme is proposed. This scheme can be effectively used in such conditions. The proposed method uses the concept of the magnitude of the range of an electric motor, which can be used to select a specific electric motor that provides the required mobility of the vehicle. For a front loader with a lifting capacity of 3500 kg, a maximum speed of 40 km / h and a maximum specific thrust of 1, the main parameters of the traction motor were determined. However, for the transmission with one fixed gear ratio (EMT1), an electric motor with an excessively high power was obtained. Therefore, the determination of the characteristics of the electric motor for an elec-tromechanical transmission with two fixed gear ratios (EMT2) was carried out. In the process of calculating this transmission, a significantly lower required engine power was obtained. The article provides an approximate assessment of the energy efficiency of EMT1 and EMT2 transmissions. A method to determine the efficiency of an electric motor depending on its operating mode (on the current angular speed of the shaft and torque) was used. It was determined that the EMT2 transmission has the best efficiency of the electric motor both during bulldozing operation and when driving at maximum speed. The general conclusion is that it is most rational to use a transmission with two fixed gear ratios. As a further direction of research, the use of computer simulation for evaluating the energy efficien-cy of a loader in a loading-unloading cycle is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124404952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of the parameters of the running systems of wheeled vehicles on the change in soil density","authors":"I. Shilo, N. Romanyuk, I. Kruk, A. Orda, R. Galimov, K. Maksimovich, S. Voynash, A. Luchinovich","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2021-5-30-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2021-5-30-37","url":null,"abstract":"The movement of wheeled vehicles on soils and grounds leads to a change in their density. The research includes the influence of mass and its distribution along the axes of the wheels on the change in the density of soils and grounds. The substantiation of analytical dependencies for deter-mining the density of compacted and flowing soils and soils from repeated impacts of wheels under various loads is given. The dependence for determining the density of the soil in the general case, including compressed and fluid components of the state of the soil and soil mass, was substantiated. The experimental laboratory studies were carried out on the effect of wheels on the soil and the effect of wheel load on soil compaction. The dependences were obtained to determine the compac-tion of soil with different physical and mechanical properties under different loading modes of the running systems. It was found that the distribution of the mass of a wheeled vehicle along the axles of the wheels affects the depth of the track and the compaction of the soil. The obtained dependences for describing the process of soil compaction are consistent with the results of experiments. It was found that with an increase in the number of axles of the running system, soil compaction decreases. The minimum track depth and soil compaction are observed when the mass of the wheeled vehicle is evenly distributed along the axes of the chassis. With an increase in the number of axles, the influence of the ratio of the pressure of the first wheel to the average pressure on soil compaction decreases due to a decrease in the differential pressure of the wheels that occurs in multi-axle wheel systems. With slight deviations from the unit of the ratio of the front wheel load to the average value of the pressure, the increase in soil density is not perceptible. As the front-to-middle load ratio increases, soil compaction increases significantly compared to an even weight distribution along the axles.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123051455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applied science and manufacturing: NAMI and VTZ","authors":"YU.G. Grudskiy","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2021-2-6-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2021-2-6-15","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from the 1960s, a number of acute problems appeared in the engine building during the transition to diesel engines of a new generation, the engines with direct fuel injection into the chamber in the piston. The short time allotted in the cycle for mixture formation and combustion, especially for high-speed diesel engines, makes it extremely scrupulous to approach this in order to obtain high and stable technical and economic indicators. One of the many problems is the organi-zation of efficient and uniform gas exchange across the samples to reduce the spread of final indica-tors during mass production. The article deals with this very problem, specifically - in the case of chill casting of individual heads at the Vladimir Tractor Plant (VTZ) using composite rods of inlet and outlet channels. The method of static blowing of inlet channels developed at Central research and development automobile and engine institute NAMI with a quantitative assessment of the re-sistance and vortex formation in the cylinder was applied. The gas-dynamic parameters (GP) were checked for the heads that received individual numbers in a statistically significant sample of billets on one test bench several times, sequentially according to the stages of the processing. It is shown schematically how these parameters changed during processing and assembly of the heads. It is im-portant that a high “hereditary” correlation is obtained between the GP of the billets and fully ma-chined and assembled cylinder heads. The manufacturing cost of the latter is incommensurably higher than the castings cost. Therefore, according to the results of the work, in order to reduce the cost of products and increase the level and stability of quality, an important decision was made on the early flaw detection of the GP (after casting) with the subsequent remelting of those blanks that are most likely “genetically, hereditarily” will not provide the declared technical and economic in-dicators in assembled product. Similar approaches can be used in the organization of production and other goods with high added value of technological operations required after procurement to ensure the quality of final products.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115217175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving diagnostics of the cylinder-piston group by pneumatic testing","authors":"K. Grunin","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2021-4-13-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2021-4-13-21","url":null,"abstract":"The task of author’s research was to determine the emerging leaks when compressed air is sup-plied to the above-piston space under pressure of 4, 5 and 6 kgf / cm2, respectively. To obtain more reliable results, measurements of the leakage of the above-piston space by pneumatic testing should be performed three times. The deterioration of this tribo-coupling should be assessed by the average values of the obtained values. In order to identify the analytical relationships between the readings of the pneumotester and various types of cylinder malfunctions, it is necessary, to simulate during the experiment the malfunctions most often encountered during ordinary engine operation that affect the tightness of the combustion chamber. The planned experimental studies were carried out in strict accordance with the tasks and includ-ed three stages. The first stage included the collection and analysis of statistical data on the dependence of engine pneumatic testing indications on various types of cylinder-piston group (CPG) malfunctions during ordinary operation, as well as pneumatic testing of engine cylinders undergoing major repairs and their CPG micrometer size. At the second stage, an experiment to simulate malfunctions on an experimental setup and on a working engine, as well as to determine the influence on the readings of the pneumatic tester of the ratio of leaks in the “piston-ring-sleeve” interface was carried out. The third stage included the processing of statistical data, processing of the data obtained directly during the experiment with the introduced CPG malfunctions and the processing of the data obtained when determining the influence of the leakage ratio in the “piston-ring-sleeve” interface on the readings of the pneumatic tester.","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115294203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obtaining friction pairs of mechanical seals made of composite material of the TiC-SiC system","authors":"M. Kachenyuk, A. Smetkin, O. V. Somov","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-3-64-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-3-64-69","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123137872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The main directions of development of domestic snowmobiles","authors":"A. D'yakov, V. Novikov, A. Pozdeev","doi":"10.31992/0321-4443-2019-2-10-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31992/0321-4443-2019-2-10-17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160902,"journal":{"name":"Traktory i sel'hozmashiny","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117152749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}