Nephrology and Renal Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Biomarkers and in vitro strategies for nephrotoxicity and renal disease assessment","authors":"S. Soares, Larissa C R Souza, Mark T Cronin, Anna M Waaga-Gasser, Marina F Grossi, Glória R Franco, Carlos A Tagliati","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000162","url":null,"abstract":"Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global public health concern, impacting nearly 13.3 million patients and resulting in three million deaths per year. Chronic kidney disease has increased by 135% since 1990, representing the pathology with the fastest growth rate worldwide. The annual costs of dialysis and kidney transplants range between US$35,000 and US$100,000 per patient. Despite its great impact, kidney disease has remained mostly asymptomatic for many years. AKI continues to be a major, unmet medical condition for which there are no pharmacological treatments available, while animal models are limited to provide direction for therapeutic translation into humans. Currently, serum creatinine is the standard biomarker to identify nephrotoxicity; however, it is a late stage biomarker. Hence, there is a pressing need to study in vitro biomarkers for the assessment of nephrotoxicity in order to develop new and safer drugs. Understanding of the mechanisms by which molecules produce nephrotoxicity is vital in order to both prevent adversity and treat kidney injury. In this review, we address new technologies and models that may be used to identify earlier biomarkers and pathways involved in nephrotoxicity, such as cell culture, omics, bioinformatics platform, CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing, in silico, organoids and 3D bioprinting, considering AOP.","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123863509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iatrogenic osteomalacia (case report). Seek advice from your nephrologist for bone and electrolyte disorders","authors":"W. Grotz, M. Werner, J. Becker, F. Ebner, S. Lendemans","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000168","url":null,"abstract":"A 67-year-old female patient had been suffering for a year from such a severe pain syndrome that she could no longer walk. Although she had presented herself to several doctors from different disciplines, the cause of her illness was not identified. It was osteomalacia caused by a drug. This was not recognized, although the disease is common. The aim of this article is to raise awareness of a common bone disease. In contrast to osteoporosis, this disease is very accessible to therapy. The differential diagnosis to osteoporosis and the different causes of osteomalacia, hypophosphatemia and Fanconi syndrome are explained in detail. With the correct diagnosis and consequent treatment, the patient could be helped in such a way that she could even walk again without a walking aid. Overlooking phosphaturia can cause severe skeletal consequences.","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115818933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre- and post-operative effects of statin on experimentally induced kidney chronic disease in Wistar rats","authors":"F. Meyer, Renato W Bach, F. L. Heldwein, M. Tobias-Machado","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000172","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Statins are selective competitive inhibitors to Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes the initial phase of cholesterol biosynthesis. Statins have hypolipemiant action and pleiotropic effects that may include nephroprotection. The aim of the present study is to analyze preand postoperative effects of statin on experimentally induced kidney chronic disease (KCD) in rats. Method: Forty Wistar male rats were pre-operatively randomized. To Group 1 (n=15), statin was orally administered for ten days pre-operatively, and for fifteen days after 5/6 nephrectomy. Rats of Group 2 (n=15) just received statin post-operatively. Rats of Group 3 (sham, n=10) were just submitted to surgery. Urine and blood samples were collected to analyze serum urea, serum creatinine and proteinuria at three different moments of the experiment. Rats that survived after an observational period of thirty days (n=34) were submitted to ex-vivo excision of the remnant kidneys. Histopathologic analysis was performed by using three stains (hematoxilineeosine, Gomori tricromium and periodic-acid Shiffer) and four standard indexes (glomerulosclerosis, mesangiolysis, tubulointerstitial and vascular damage indexes). Results: Statin treated groups presented lower means of urea in postoperative period. Group 2 had the lesser urea means. Statin induced proteinuria in healthy rats prior to nephrectomy. Proteinuria decreased after ten days after surgery in both statin treated groups. Group 2 showed lower mesangiolysis and tubulointerstitial damage scores when compared to other groups. Conclusion: Use of statin slowed KCD progression in this animal experimentation model. *Correspondence to: Fernando Meyer, Department of Urology and Master Program on Surgery, Catholic University of Parana (PUC/PR), Brazil, Tel: 554130150303; E-mail: fmeyer@urocentro.com","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122154634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and laboratory approach of urinary tract infection in infants - North Israel","authors":"H. Nasser, Ehsan N, Suzan N, Sharon Sigal, Sapir Goldshtein, Jerdev Michael, Boshra Nasser, T. Kimáková, W. Nasser","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116751749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical tumor in patient on chronic hemodialysis. About a case","authors":"Parodis López Y, M. T, A. F., Quintana Viñau B, Gonzalez M, Valga F, Hillebrand S, Betancor J, H. F, A. G","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"23 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123504513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostics and symptomatic treatment of non-keratinizing squamous cell metaplasia of the urinary bladder in children – own experience","authors":"B. Jurkiewicz, K. Załęska-Oracka, J. Samotyjek, E. Wajszczuk, M. Szymanek-Szwed","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000154","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In this article, authors present their own experience in diagnostics and treatment of non-keratinizing squamous cell metaplasia of the urothelium in pediatric patients. Squamous metaplasia is an abnormal replacement of urothelial epithelium of urinary bladder with non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium. It is mostly recognized in adult women in the post-menopausal period. There are only a few descriptions of the occurrence of squamous metaplasia in children in world literature. Results: Research conducted by the authors included children hospitalized in the Surgery Department in the years 2005-2018. During this time metaplasia was diagnosed in 254 children – 248 girls and 6 boys aged from 1.5 to 17 years. The primary causes of hospitalization were non-specific abdominal pain, voiding disorders and recurrent urinary tract infections. In the studied cases, the most common symptoms of abnormal bladder function were: pollakiuria, difficulties in initiating micturition and urinary retention. Patients underwent many diagnostic procedures: clinical examination, general urinalysis, and urine culture, ultrasound of the urinary tract, cystoscopy, immunohistochemical, endocrinological and urodynamics examinations. Statistical analysis includes only children, who underwent cystoscopy together with biopsy and histopathological section, which indicated metaplasia of the urothelium. All patients were treated symptomatically. Conclusion: Squamous metaplasia can occur in both children and adolescents. Symptomatic treatment improves the quality of patient’s life. However, does not effect regression of metaplasia. In control cystoscopies, authors do not observe the improvement. The causal treatment will be possible after further and closer examination of the pathogenesis and etiology of changes in the urinary bladder. *Correspondence to: Katarzyna Załęska-Oracka, Pediatric Surgery Ward, Children’s Hospital in Dziekanów Leśny; Marii Konopnickiej 65, 05-092 Łomianki, Poland, Tel: +48 602608156; E-mail: k_zaleska@o2.pl","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123533712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term survival and acute kidney injury during hospitalization after major neurosurgical procedure","authors":"T. Ozrazgat-Baslanti, Daniel R Layon, P. White, Charles E Hobson, A. Bihorac","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000151","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Study the effect of acute kidney injury (AKI) on long-term survival in a large cohort of neurosurgical patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for at least 24 hours. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Academic tertiary medical center. Patients: The study consisted of 3,299 consecutive patients with no history of chronic kidney disease who were discharged after a major neurosurgical procedure at the University of Florida between 1992 and 2002. All patients were admitted to ICU postoperatively for at least twenty-four hours. Interventions: AKI was defined by the RIFLE classification (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End stage), which requires at least a 50% increase in serum creatinine, and stratifies patients into three grades of AKI: Risk, injury, and failure. Patient survival was determined through a search of the National Social Security Death Index. Long-term survival was analyzed with a risk-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model. Measurements and Main Results: Among hospital survivors, 10% had an episode of AKI while in the hospital; the occurrence of AKI was dependent on the type of surgery. In the risk-adjusted model, long-term mortality was proportional to the severity of kidney injury, with an adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) of 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 1.22) for RIFLERisk class and 1.45 (1.40-1.75) for the RIFLEFailure class compared to patients without AKI (p<0.001). The association between AKI and long-term mortality risk was dependent on the type of surgery. The survival rate was worse for patients with AKI among all surgery types, except spinal surgery. Conclusion: Postoperative AKI of even mild severity adversely impacts the long-term outcome of hospital survivors after major neurosurgical procedures. The degree of impact on mortality is dependent on the type of surgery. *Correspondence to: Azra Bihorac, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, PO Box 100224, Gainesville, FL 32610-0224; Tel: (352) 273-9009; Fax: (352) 392-5465; E-mail: abihorac@ufl.edu","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121561876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clostridium difficile infection in patients with end stage renal disease. Is it preventable?","authors":"Łukasz Lis, A. Konieczny, Kinga Żłobicka, W. Witkiewicz, Z. Hruby","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000153","url":null,"abstract":"Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of a healthcare-associated diarrhea worldwide. Recently, an increased number of new cases and growing mortality due to CDI have been observed. Patients suffering from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are highly exposed to CDI. It has been proven that CDI in patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) significantly increases mortality, prolongs hospitalization and increases the cost of treatment. Important risk factors of CDI in ERSD patients include hospitalization or stay in an intensive care unit in the last 90 days, HIV infection, bacteraemia, prolonged antibiotic therapy and hypoalbuminemia. Cirrhosis, age over 65 years, hypoalbuminaemia, longer hospitalization time and use of antibiotics are significant risk factors of death in these patients. Effective methods of preventing CDI include hand hygiene, isolation of infected patients, the use of masks, gloves, disinfection of the environment and systematic education and control of medical personnel, as well as rational antibiotic policy. In addition, it is important to avoid antibiotics with a proven risk of CDI, cautious use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and H2 receptor antagonists. It is also important in the prevention of CDI, in people with ERSD, to apply fast diagnostics right from the onset of the first symptoms. Use of probiotics and bile acids in the primary prevention of CDI requires further research. It seems that knowledge of these factors and methods of prevention will significantly reduce morbidity and mortality caused by the CDI.","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133166156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short study on the use of oral Ferric Sodium EDTA in association with vitamin C, folic acid, copper gluconate, zinc gluconate and selenomethionine, in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease","authors":"G. Gatti, D. Duranti, E. Duranti","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000190","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122353557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granulomatosis with polyangiitis and renal cell cancer: A sinister association - case report and review of literature","authors":"Saima Fawad, N. Gokden, M. Krause, Manisha Singh","doi":"10.15761/nrd.1000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/nrd.1000189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":160607,"journal":{"name":"Nephrology and Renal Diseases","volume":"111 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128769979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}