Social Sciences Education eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Conditional Liberation - One of the Measures to Achieve the Purpose of Criminal Punishment","authors":"Nicoleta-Elena Hegheș, Victoria Cristiean","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3388041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3388041","url":null,"abstract":"The offense as a fact forbidden by the rules of criminal law cannot exist without the unavoidable consequence of criminal liability, which, in its turn, would be without object without a criminal sanction, without a punishment. Neither punishment can be conceived without the existence of criminal liability and it is based only on the offense. Conditional liberation constitutes a measure of both criminal and social policy that is particularly important for achieving the purpose of punishment. Conditional liberation is conceived as an incentive for convicts who give evidence of correction by reducing the period of deprivation of liberty, being designed to accelerate the process of re-education and social reinsertion of the convict.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133479944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Mathematics-Related Career Choice Among Senior Secondary School Students in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria","authors":"J. Abah, T. Age, George Idoko Agada","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3382751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3382751","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to identify the determinants of mathematics-related career choice among senior secondary school students in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. It explicitly focused on parents influence, academic ability, peer group influence, influence of various teaching methods employed in teaching mathematics, students’ interest, gender differences and role models influences as basic determinants of mathematics-related career choice. A survey research design was employed for the study, with the researcher developed Students Career Determinant Questionnaire – SCDQ (Cronbach Alpha Coefficient = 0.82) administered to a sample of 125 senior secondary school students who want to major in mathematics-related careers. These students were drawn randomly from five different secondary schools chosen via stratified random sampling in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. Analysis of the data obtained from the SCDQ revealed that parents have a huge influence on senior secondary school students’ choice of career even if the careers of such parents may not be mathematics inclined and the parents may not insist or suggest that their students major in mathematics related careers.  The study also revealed that career choice determinants such as students’ academic ability (cluster mean score = 2.73), peer group influences (cluster mean score = 2.69), various teaching methods employed in schools (cluster mean score = 3.05), students interest (cluster mean score = 2.89), gender differences (cluster mean score = 2.64) and role model influences (cluster mean score = 2.68), all have positive high influences on mathematics related career choice decisions of students. The results indicated that the various teaching methods employed in schools have the highest influence on mathematics-related career choice among senior secondary school students with a cluster mean of 3.05. Based on these findings it was recommended that mathematics teachers should endeavour to employ modern teaching methods in their classroom lessons to ensure attainment of mathematics related-career goals among these secondary school students.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131008493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value of Academics: Evidence From Academic Independent Director Resignations in China","authors":"Jun Chen, Alexandre Garel, A. Tourani-Rad","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3383387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3383387","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we use academic independent director resignations induced by the introduction of the Regulation 11 prohibiting academics from holding positions in Chinese public companies to examine their contribution to firm value. We document a negative market reaction to the issuance of the Regulation 11 and to the academic director resignations. The negative market reaction to academic director resignations is sizeable and hold when we further control for the influence of director, board, and firm characteristics. We next use heterogeneity in the market response to academic director resignations to study what the market values in academic directors. We find supportive evidence of a monitoring contribution and mixed evidence of advising and networking contributions. Finally, we show that in the two years following the issuance of the Regulation 11, companies with at least one academic director on their board prior to Regulation 11 underperform relative to companies without any academic directors. Overall, our results are consistent with a positive contribution of academic independent directors to firm value.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129629493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Economics and Financial Literacy in How People Perceive the Effectiveness of the Fiscal Policy of Zimbabwe: Case Study of Harare","authors":"Ngonidzashe Mukwepa","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3417501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3417501","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the relationship between the perceived Zimbabwean Fiscal Policy (FP) outcomes and the preferences of the people of Zimbabwe, resident in the city of Harare in the context of the Fiscal Policy Framework (FPF) of Zimbabwe. It looks at how people are aware and confident about the FP actions and institutional frameworks in charge of formulating and implementing FP actions and also how the activities of people complement the FP actions. It looks at the influence of financial and economics literacy on how people understand and respond to FP actions. To make the investigation robust, data was obtained from across different occupations. Governments get elected to a large extent on the basis of their FP. The nature of FP is political on its own. Hence it is important gauge what areas of the FP process need to be adjusted to ensure that the people become positive about those in charge of the FP formulation and implementation together with the FP tools being used. Results obtained from the investigation showed areas where there is rent seeking and time inconsistency showing that serious reforms of the FPF of Zimbabwe are needed to ensure that optimal macroeconomic outcomes are achieved. A serious lack of awareness of the setup of the FP framework of Zimbabwe showed that there must be widespread and effective communication by the authorities on the nature of the FP operations being implemented to ensure that people on the ground complement government efforts to improve the economic performance of Zimbabwe.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114610348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rationality and Capitalist Schooling","authors":"T. Lambert","doi":"10.1453/JEST.V6I4.1975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1453/JEST.V6I4.1975","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the field of philosophy of mind, the concepts of rational behavior, rational choice theory, and instrumental rationality (the “practical reasoning” version of rationality) are important in trying to make statements and conclusions about human thinking and behavior in general. Rational choice theory is also considered a normative but not a descriptive or positive theory.  Much of economic theory is based on the principle that economic agents usually or always behave rationally in maximizing the benefits and/or minimizing the costs of their decisions.  Developments in behavioral economics over the last several decades have begun to question this principle with much of the questioning about rationality and rational behavior centering on whether individuals can correctly and adequately assess probabilities and risk/reward.  The inability to correctly assess risk/reward limits rational behavior and can yield sub-optimal outcomes for economic agents.  This exploratory paper examines the linkages between schooling in a capitalist society and limits on rationality in a monopoly capital economic system. Keywords. Behavioral economics, Capitalist schooling, Monopoly capital, Rationality, Rational choice. JEL. B51, I24.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127952918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Startup Decisions: Forces that Determine Entrepreneurship","authors":"T. Jain, Er. Nirupa Jain","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3339256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3339256","url":null,"abstract":"The authors discuss how and entrepreneur should take up the selection decisions with regard to starting a new business. The important questions are selection of industry, market segment, right product and services and issues with regard to market forces. The authors discuss the current status of theories and discuss the options before an entrepreneur.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129857474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responding to Bruce Baker's Comment on the Liebowitz/Kelly State K-12 School Ranking Report","authors":"S. Liebowitz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3332114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3332114","url":null,"abstract":"In November of 2018 Matt Kelly and I published a ranking of states based on the performance of K-12 students on exams known as the “nations report card.” Among the novelties of our study were that the rankings were based only on the student’s performance, that performance was measured on disaggregated ethnic data preventing states from doing well just because they had mainly white students, and that states were given higher scores when they achieved high ranks while using less money. Within weeks of the publication of our study, Bruce Baker published a comically inept NEPC report critical of our study. Virtually everything Baker says is wrong.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115338359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Pre-Registered Re-examinations (p-rex) Proposals into Research Programs and Doctoral Seminars","authors":"R. Bloomfield","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3312328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3312328","url":null,"abstract":"Accounting journals rarely publish articles explicitly focused on re-examining prior claims. Such articles allow accounting scholars to establish the validity and generality of claims that are or might become influential in our field. However, the professional benefits of revisiting claims are often believed to be outweighed by its costs, especially for junior scholars. This document explains how pre-registered re-examination proposals (p-rex), such as those recently solicited by Journal of Financial Reporting, enhance the net professional benefits of publishing re-examinations, and offers suggestions on how faculty can integrate p-rex proposals into their doctoral seminars.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129679595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Childhood Education and Care: Effects After Half a Century and their Mechanisms","authors":"H. Kawarazaki","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3394392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3394392","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of early childhood education and care (ECEC) have been widely researched, but most focus on targeted or relatively short-term programmes. This paper investigates the long-term effects of a universal ECEC and its underlying mechanisms. By exploiting differences in expansion rates of childcare institutions across Japan from the 1960s to 1980s, I find that the positive effect of ECEC on income around the age of 50. The overall effect is driven by a significant impact for women, who were disadvantageous at that time, while there are no adverse effects on others. Mediation analysis shows that an increase in wages leads to an increase in income, which is triggered by improved educational attainment. These results imply that a universal childcare system has the potential to reduce income inequality.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115288615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHEAA v. Kentucky | Brief of Amici Curiae by Kentucky Equal Justice Center and Student Borrower Protection Center","authors":"Student Borrower Protection Center","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3757020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3757020","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018, Kentucky Attorney General Beshear began investigating the servicing of student loans owned by the National Collegiate Student Loan Trusts (NCSLT). These Trusts are notorious for shoddy record-keeping, meaning that servicers and collectors pursue borrowers for debt that they can’t prove are owed. In fact, an internal audit of NCSLT loans found that “a random sample of nearly 400 National Collegiate loans found not a single one had assignment paperwork documenting the chain of ownership.” Attorneys general across the country have started similar investigations as they work to protect the borrowers victimized by “the worst-performing student loan investment vehicles ever created by Wall Street.”<br><br>And the company responsible for servicing these student loans—sending out all of the bills, receiving payments, computing interest, and applying people’s payments—is the Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency (PHEAA), also known as American Education Services. PHEAA is one of the largest student loan servicers in the country and handles over $425 billion in student loan debt owed by millions of consumers nationwide. In fact, one out of every ten dollars of non-mortgage consumer debt in the country is handled by PHEAA. And yet, in Kentucky and around the country, PHEAA is arguing that it is above the law.<br><br>PHEAA is asking the Kentucky Court of Appeals to decide whether Attorney General Beshear, Kentucky’s top law enforcement official, has the authority to take action against a company that it suspects is engaged in rampant illegal practices. This amicus brief lays out why Attorney General Beshear should be able to protect Kentuckians by holding unscrupulous student loan companies to account, including PHEAA.","PeriodicalId":160212,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences Education eJournal","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116010457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}