Journal of immunological methods最新文献

{"title":"Long term investigation of formulation buffers to mitigate stability issues of conjugated critical reagents","authors":"Glenn T. Miller ,&nbsp;Teresa M. Caiazzo ,&nbsp;Alison Joyce","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stability of conjugated critical reagents supporting ligand binding assays to enable biotherapeutic drug development is a universal concern. Formulation buffer employed for long-term cold storage may be key to mitigate protein aggregation issues. We investigated biophysical and functional attributes of murine mAb and human multispecific drug labeled with biotin, ruthenium, and Alexa fluor 647 frozen at −80 °C in PBS or a protein storage buffer for 3–15 months. Aggregation was observed at 4 months in mAb A-Ru (11.2%) and -Alexa (10%) in PBS followed by precipitation and reduced biological binding at 15 months. Increased aggregation in drug Ru (11.7%, 6 months) and Alexa (6.9%, 15 months) were noted but without impact on performance. There were no observations with biotin labeled reagents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141995897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and optimization of a diluted whole blood ELISpot assay to test immune function","authors":"Ricardo F. Ungaro ,&nbsp;Julie Xu ,&nbsp;Tamara A. Kucaba ,&nbsp;Mahil Rao ,&nbsp;Christian B. Bergmann ,&nbsp;Scott C. Brakenridge ,&nbsp;Philip A. Efron ,&nbsp;Michael D. Goodman ,&nbsp;Robert W. Gould ,&nbsp;Richard S. Hotchkiss ,&nbsp;Muxuan Liang ,&nbsp;Monty B. Mazer ,&nbsp;Patrick W. McGonagill ,&nbsp;Lyle L. Moldawer ,&nbsp;Kenneth E. Remy ,&nbsp;Isaiah R. Turnbull ,&nbsp;Charles C. Caldwell ,&nbsp;Vladimir P. Badovinac ,&nbsp;Thomas S. Griffith","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sepsis remains a leading cause of death worldwide with no proven immunomodulatory therapies. Stratifying Patient Immune Endotypes in Sepsis (‘SPIES’) is a prospective, multicenter observational study testing the utility of ELISpot as a functional bioassay specifically measuring cytokine-producing cells after stimulation to identify the immunosuppressed endotype, predict clinical outcomes in septic patients, and test potential immune stimulants for clinical development. Most ELISpot protocols call for the isolation of PBMC prior to their inclusion in the assay. In contrast, we developed a diluted whole blood (DWB) ELISpot protocol that has been validated across multiple laboratories. Heparinized whole blood was collected from healthy donors and septic patients and tested under different stimulation conditions to evaluate the impact of blood dilution, stimulant concentration, blood storage, and length of stimulation on ex vivo IFNγ and TNFα production as measured by ELISpot. We demonstrate a dynamic range of whole blood dilutions that give a robust ex vivo cytokine response to stimuli. Additionally, a wide range of stimulant concentrations can be utilized to induce cytokine production. Further modifications demonstrate anticoagulated whole blood can be stored up to 24 h at room temperature without losing significant functionality. Finally, we show ex vivo stimulation can be as brief as 4 h allowing for a substantial decrease in processing time. The data demonstrate the feasibility of using ELISpot to measure the functional capacity of cells within DWB under a variety of stimulation conditions to inform clinicians on the extent of immune dysregulation in septic patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022175924001285/pdfft?md5=55bf0202eaff365ea65002f17d2f689d&pid=1-s2.0-S0022175924001285-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional approaches and recent tools for studying inflammasome activity","authors":"Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva,&nbsp;Aline Cristina de Abreu Moreira-Souza,&nbsp;David M. Ojcius","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inflammasomes play a major role in the immune response to infection, development of autoimmune disease, and control of cancer. Western blots were originally used in the early 2000s to characterize inflammasome activation. Since then, a panoply of techniques has been developed to characterize and visualize inflammasome activation in cells, tissues, and animals. This review article describes the most common techniques used by researchers in the inflammasome field and proposes that cell-specific characterization of inflammasome activation in tissues or animals may soon be commonly reported.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113744"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022175924001297/pdfft?md5=19c435298ca3ded21e24f883ac072261&pid=1-s2.0-S0022175924001297-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro analysis of single chain variable fragment-based immunotoxins against Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A2 receptor overexpressed in breast cancer cells","authors":"Atefeh Faraz ,&nbsp;Jafar Amani ,&nbsp;Sedigheh Arbabian ,&nbsp;Shohreh Zare Karizi ,&nbsp;Maryam Bikhof Torbati","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Thereafter, designing new treatments with higher specificity and efficacy is urgently required. In this regard, targeted immunotherapy using immunotoxins has shown great promise in treating cancer. To target a breast cancer cell, the authors used the antibody fragment against a receptor tyrosine kinase, EphA2, which is overexpressed in many cancers. This fragment was conjugated to a plant toxin, subunit A of ricin, in two different orientations from N to C-terminal (EphA2- C-Ricin and EphA2- N-Ricin). Then, these two immunotoxins were characterized using <em>in vitro</em> cell-based assays. Three different cell lines were treated, MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) which has a high level of EphA2 expression, MCF-7 (breast cancer) which has a low level of EphA2 expression, and HEK293 (human embryonic kidney) which has a very low level of EphA2 expression. Moreover, binding ability, cytotoxicity, internalization, and apoptosis capacity of these two newly developed immunotoxins were investigated. The flow cytometry using Annexin V- Propidium iodide (PI) method indicated significant induction of apoptosis only in the MDA-MB-231 cells at different concentrations. It was also found that construct I, EphA2- C-Ricin immunotoxin, could bind, internalize, and induce apoptosis better than the EphA2- N-Ricin immunotoxin. In addition, the obtained data suggested that the N or C-terminal orientation conformation is of significant importance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative determination of C-polysaccharide in Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay","authors":"Piyush Kumar Paliwal,&nbsp;Burki Rajendar,&nbsp;Thirumeni Nagarajan,&nbsp;M.V.N. Janardhan Reddy,&nbsp;Amit Tripathi,&nbsp;Ramesh V. Matur","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Capsular polysaccharides of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> are used in pneumococcal polysaccharide and protein-conjugate vaccines. Cell-wall polysaccharide (C-Ps) is a critical impurity that must be kept at low levels in purified polysaccharide preparations. Hence, accurate and precise methods for determining C-Ps are needed. Currently available methods include nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Both these methods suffer from their own limitations; therefore, we developed a simple and efficient enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for accurate and precise quantification of C-Ps in samples of any serotype of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide without interference. We quantified C-Ps in preparations of 14 serotype polysaccharides using newly developed ELISA method and compared the results with C-Ps values obtained using two previously reported methods, ¹H NMR and HPAEC-PAD. The C-Ps value determined using ¹H NMR for serotype 5 was 21.08%, whereas the values obtained using HPAEC-PAD and ELISA were 2.38% and 2.89% respectively, indicating some interference in ¹H NMR method. The sensitivity of the ELISA method is higher because the sample is used directly unlike HPAEC-PAD method where sample is subjected to harsh treatment, such as acid digestion and quantify C-Ps based on peak area of ribitol or AAT. Furthermore, ¹H NMR and HPAEC-PAD are expensive and laborious methods. Our work, underscores the simple and efficient ELISA that can be used for quantification of C-Ps in pneumococcal polysaccharide preparations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple approaches for the evaluation of connexin-43 expression and function in macrophages","authors":"Júlia Costa de Sousa ,&nbsp;Stephanie Alexia Cristina Silva Santos ,&nbsp;Eleonora Kurtenbach","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Connexins are essential gap junction proteins that play pivotal roles in intercellular communication in various organs of mammals. Connexin-43 (Cx43) is expressed in various components of the immune system, and there is extensive evidence of its participation in inflammation responses. The involvement of Cx43 in macrophage functionality involves the purinergic signaling pathway. Macrophages contribute to defenses against inflammatory reactions such as bacterial sepsis and peritonitis. Several assays can identify the presence and activity of Cx43 in macrophages. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can measure the relative mRNA expression of Cx43, whereas western blotting can detect protein expression levels. Using immunofluorescence assays, it is possible to analyze the expression and observe the localization of Cx43 in cells or tissues. Moreover, connexin-mediated gap junction intercellular communication can be evaluated using functional assays such as microinjection of fluorescent dyes or scrape loading-dye transfer. The use of selective inhibitors contributes to this understanding and reinforces the role of connexins in various processes. Here, we discuss these methods to evaluate Cx43 and macrophage gap junctions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113741"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential composition and yield of leukocytes isolated from various blood component leukoreduction filters","authors":"Katrijn R. Six ,&nbsp;Sarah Vertongen ,&nbsp;Sabrina Seghers ,&nbsp;Dominique De Bleser ,&nbsp;Veerle Compernolle ,&nbsp;Hendrik B. Feys","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Flanders, an estimated 300,000 leukoreduction filters are discarded as biological waste in the blood establishment each year. These filters are a possible source of fresh donor leukocytes for downstream purposes including research. We investigated leukocyte isolation from two types of filters either used for the preparation of platelet concentrates (PC-LRF) or erythrocyte concentrates (EC-LRF). Outcome parameters were leukocyte yield, differential count, turnaround time and effect of storage conditions. Leukocytes were harvested by reverse flow of a buffer solution. Control was the gold standard density gradient centrifugation of buffy coats. Total leukocyte number isolated from PC-LRF (1049 (± 40) x 10⁶) was almost double that of control (632 (± 66) x 10⁶) but the differential count was comparable. Total leukocyte number isolated from EC-LRF (78 (± 9) x 10⁶) was significantly lower than control, but the sample was specifically enriched in granulocytes (81 ± 4%) compared to control (30 ± 1%). Isolation of leukocytes from either PC- or EC-LRF takes 20 min compared to 240 min for control density gradient centrifugation. Leukocyte viability is optimal when harvested on day 1 post donation (95 ± 0.9%) compared to day 3 (76.4 ± 2.4%). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that leukoreduction filters from specific blood component processing are easy to use and present a valuable source for viable leukocytes of all types.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of monoclonal antibodies from naive antibody phage-display libraries for protein detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues","authors":"Célestine Mairaville ,&nbsp;Morgane Broyon ,&nbsp;Margaux Maurel ,&nbsp;Myriam Chentouf ,&nbsp;Barbara Chiavarina ,&nbsp;Andrei Turtoi ,&nbsp;Nelly Pirot ,&nbsp;Pierre Martineau","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most antibodies used in immunohistochemistry (IHC) have been developed by animal immunization. We wanted to explore naive antibody repertoires displayed on filamentous phages as a source of full-length antibodies for IHC on Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) tissues. We used two isogenic mouse fibroblast cell lines that express or not human HER2 to generate positive and negative FFPE pseudo-tissue respectively. Using these pseudo-tissues and previously described approaches based on differential panning, we isolated very efficient antibody clones, but not against HER2. To optimize HER2 targeting and tissue specificity, we first performed 3–4 rounds of in vitro panning using recombinant HER2 extracellular domain (ECD) to enrich the phage library in HER2 binders, followed by one panning round using the two FFPE pseudo-tissues to retain binders for IHC conditions. We then analyzed the bound phages using next-generation sequencing to identify antibody sequences specifically associated with the HER2-positive pseudo-tissue. Using this approach, the top-ranked clone identified by sequencing was specific to the HER2-positive pseudo-tissue and showed a staining pattern similar to that of the antibody used for the clinical diagnosis of HER2-positive breast cancer. However, we could not optimize staining on other tissues, showing that specificity was restricted to the tissue used for selection and screening. Therefore, future optimized protocols must consider tissue diversity early during the selection by panning using a wide collection of tissue types.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 113730"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022175924001157/pdfft?md5=3bbb8f5894281ef9499e6c6ff5cfb7ee&pid=1-s2.0-S0022175924001157-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141766243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and consistency of mucosal fluid T lymphocyte phenotypes and their relationship with blood, age and gender","authors":"Shervin Dokht Sadeghi Nasab ,&nbsp;Muruganantham Lillimary Eniya ,&nbsp;Albert Judith ,&nbsp;Frederick Clasen ,&nbsp;Beulah Faith ,&nbsp;Selvamuthu Poongulali ,&nbsp;Jayaraman Bhagavad Gita ,&nbsp;Chakrapani Ashok ,&nbsp;Velmurugan Raghavi ,&nbsp;Subramanian Vedavalli ,&nbsp;Chandra Lavanya ,&nbsp;Kannan Ranganathan ,&nbsp;Gunaseelan Rajan ,&nbsp;Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy ,&nbsp;David Moyes ,&nbsp;Mark Ide ,&nbsp;Saeed Shoaie ,&nbsp;Yuko Kurushima ,&nbsp;Daljit Jagdev ,&nbsp;Mina Pun ,&nbsp;Stephen Challacombe","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Innate and adaptive immune responses at mucosal surfaces play a role in protection against most infectious diseases. However, the relative importance either of mucosal versus systemic, or of cellular versus humoral immunity in protection against such infections remains unclear. We aimed to determine the relative percentages and reproducibility of detection of five major T lymphocyte phenotypes in stimulated whole mouth fluid (SWMF); to compare matched mucosal and blood phenotypes; to evaluate the consistency of phenotypes in SWMF over time; and to determine any associations with age or gender. Peripheral blood and SWMF samples were collected from 194 participants and sequential concomitant samples were collected from 27 of those and from 12 subjects living with HIV. CD3, CD4, CD8, Th1 and Th2 T lymphocyte phenotypes were determined by FACS. All the five T lymphocyte phenotypes were detected consistently by FACS in PBMC and SWMF with experimental replicates (<em>N</em> = 10; PBMC CV: 3–30%; SWMF CV: 12–36%). In longitudinal samples detection rates were reproducible in both fluids but variations were higher in SWMF (CV: 23–79.6%) than PBMC (CV: 9.7–75%). Statistically significant correlations of the percentages of all the T lymphocyte phenotypes except CD8 was seen between the two fluids. In PBMCs a negative correlation with age was found with CD3, CD4 and CD8 phenotypes, whilst a positive correlation was found in both SWMF and PBMC with the Th2 phenotype. CD3, CD4 and CD8 phenotypes in SWMF and PBMCs from an HIV-positive cohort were not significantly correlated in contrast with the HIV-negative controls. Our study provides a robust FACS protocol for the detection of the five major T lymphocyte phenotypes in SWMF which should prove useful for research with other mucosal fluids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 113731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022175924001169/pdfft?md5=f04450c82bcafd780058cba192f9cbeb&pid=1-s2.0-S0022175924001169-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141766242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial function in oral health and disease","authors":"Ana Carolina Morandini ,&nbsp;Erivan S. Ramos-Junior","doi":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jim.2024.113729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monitoring mitochondrial function and mitochondrial quality control in tissues is a crucial aspect of understanding cellular health and dysfunction, which may inform about the pathogenesis of several conditions associated with aging, including chronic inflammatory conditions, neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic diseases. This process involves assessing the functionality, integrity, and abundance of mitochondria within cells. Several lines of evidence have explored techniques and methods for monitoring mitochondrial quality control in tissues. In this review, we summarize and provide our perspective considering the latest evidence in mitochondrial function and mitochondrial quality control in oral health and disease with a particular focus in periodontal inflammation. This research is significant for gaining insights into cellular health and the pathophysiology of periodontal disease, a dysbiosis-related, immune mediated and age-associated chronic condition representing a significant burden to US elderly population. Approaches for assessing mitochondrial health status reviewed here include assessing mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress, electron transport chain function and metabolomics. Such assessments help researchers comprehend the role of mitochondrial function in cellular homeostasis and its implications for oral diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16000,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunological methods","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 113729"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022175924001145/pdfft?md5=f6397fcf376020fbaeaa20f989d05e0c&pid=1-s2.0-S0022175924001145-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}