The Journal of Comparative Neurology最新文献_第3页

Comparative description of the mRNA expression profile of Na⁺ /K⁺ -ATPase isoforms in adult mouse nervous system. 成年小鼠神经系统Na+ /K+ - atp酶亚型mRNA表达谱的比较描述。

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25234

Song Jiao, Kory Johnson, Cristina Moreno, Sho Yano, Miguel Holmgren

{"title":"Comparative description of the mRNA expression profile of Na+ /K+ -ATPase isoforms in adult mouse nervous system.","authors":"Song Jiao, Kory Johnson, Cristina Moreno, Sho Yano, Miguel Holmgren","doi":"10.1002/cne.25234","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cne.25234","url":null,"abstract":"Mutations in genes encoding Na+ /K+ -ATPase α1, α2, and α3 subunits cause a wide range of disabling neurological disorders, and dysfunction of Na+ /K+ -ATPase may contribute to neuronal injury in stroke and dementia. To better understand the pathogenesis of these diseases, it is important to determine the expression patterns of the different Na+ /K+ -ATPase subunits within the brain and among specific cell types. Using two available scRNA-Seq databases from the adult mouse nervous system, we examined the mRNA expression patterns of the different isoforms of the Na+ /K+ -ATPase α, β and Fxyd subunits at the single-cell level among brain regions and various neuronal populations. We subsequently identified specific types of neurons enriched with transcripts for α1 and α3 isoforms and elaborated how α3-expressing neuronal populations govern cerebellar neuronal circuits. We further analyzed the co-expression network for α1 and α3 isoforms, highlighting the genes that positively correlated with α1 and α3 expression. The top 10 genes for α1 were Chn2, Hpcal1, Nrgn, Neurod1, Selm, Kcnc1, Snrk, Snap25, Ckb and Ccndbp1 and for α3 were Sorcs3, Eml5, Neurod2, Ckb, Tbc1d4, Ptprz1, Pvrl1, Kirrel3, Pvalb, and Asic2.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"627-647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/25/52/CNE-530-627.PMC8716420.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39328977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The complex synaptic pathways onto a looming-detector neuron revealed using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy. 利用连续块面扫描电子显微镜揭示了逼近检测器神经元的复杂突触通路。

IF 2.5

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-12 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25227

Stefan Wernitznig, F Claire Rind, Armin Zankel, Elisabeth Bock, Daniel Gütl, Ulrich Hobusch, Manuela Nikolic, Lukas Pargger, Elisabeth Pritz, Snježana Radulović, Mariella Sele, Susanne Summerauer, Peter Pölt, Gerd Leitinger

{"title":"The complex synaptic pathways onto a looming-detector neuron revealed using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy.","authors":"Stefan Wernitznig, F Claire Rind, Armin Zankel, Elisabeth Bock, Daniel Gütl, Ulrich Hobusch, Manuela Nikolic, Lukas Pargger, Elisabeth Pritz, Snježana Radulović, Mariella Sele, Susanne Summerauer, Peter Pölt, Gerd Leitinger","doi":"10.1002/cne.25227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.25227","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of locusts to detect looming stimuli and avoid collisions or predators depends on a neuronal circuit in the locust's optic lobe. Although comprehensively studied for over three decades, there are still major questions about the computational steps of this circuit. We used fourth instar larvae of Locusta migratoria to describe the connection between the lobula giant movement detector 1 (LGMD1) neuron in the lobula complex and the upstream neuropil, the medulla. Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the connecting neurons termed trans-medullary afferent (TmA) neurons and their synaptic connectivity. This enabled us to trace neurons over several hundred micrometers between the medulla and the lobula complex while identifying their synapses. We traced two different TmA neurons, each from a different individual, from their synapses with the LGMD in the lobula complex up into the medulla and describe their synaptic relationships. There is not a simple downstream transmission of the signal from a lamina neuron onto these TmA neurons; there is also a feedback loop in place with TmA neurons making outputs as well as receiving inputs. More than one type of neuron shapes the signal of the TmA neurons in the medulla. We found both columnar and trans-columnar neurons connected with the traced TmA neurons in the medulla. These findings indicate that there are computational steps in the medulla that have not been included in models of the neuronal pathway for looming detection.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"518-536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cne.25227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39267315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Constitutive tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-deficiency causes a reduction in spine density in mouse dentate granule cells accompanied by homeostatic adaptations of spine head size. 组成性肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)缺乏导致小鼠齿状颗粒细胞脊柱密度降低，并伴有脊柱头部大小的稳态适应。

IF 2.5

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25237

Dinko Smilovic, Michael Rietsche, Alexander Drakew, Mario Vuksic, Thomas Deller

{"title":"Constitutive tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-deficiency causes a reduction in spine density in mouse dentate granule cells accompanied by homeostatic adaptations of spine head size.","authors":"Dinko Smilovic, Michael Rietsche, Alexander Drakew, Mario Vuksic, Thomas Deller","doi":"10.1002/cne.25237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.25237","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of excitatory synapses terminating on cortical neurons are found on dendritic spines. The geometry of spines, in particular the size of the spine head, tightly correlates with the strength of the excitatory synapse formed with the spine. Under conditions of synaptic plasticity, spine geometry may change, reflecting functional adaptations. Since the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been shown to influence synaptic transmission as well as Hebbian and homeostatic forms of synaptic plasticity, we speculated that TNF-deficiency may cause concomitant structural changes at the level of dendritic spines. To address this question, we analyzed spine density and spine head area of Alexa568-filled granule cells in the dentate gyrus of adult C57BL/6J and TNF-deficient (TNF-KO) mice. Tissue sections were double-stained for the actin-modulating and plasticity-related protein synaptopodin (SP), a molecular marker for strong and stable spines. Dendritic segments of TNF-deficient granule cells exhibited ∼20% fewer spines in the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus compared to controls, indicating a reduced afferent innervation. Of note, these segments also had larger spines containing larger SP-clusters. This pattern of changes is strikingly similar to the one seen after denervation-associated spine loss following experimental entorhinal denervation of granule cells: Denervated granule cells increase the SP-content and strength of their remaining spines to homeostatically compensate for those that were lost. Our data suggest a similar compensatory mechanism in TNF-deficient granule cells in response to a reduction in their afferent innervation.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"656-669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cne.25237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39399636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Change in the neurochemical signature and morphological development of the parvocellular isthmic projection to the avian tectum. 鸟顶盖旁细胞峡突的神经化学特征和形态学发展的变化。

IF 2.5

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25229

Rosana Reyes-Pinto, José L Ferrán, Tomas Vega-Zuniga, Cristian González-Cabrera, Harald Luksch, Jorge Mpodozis, Luis Puelles, Gonzalo J Marín

{"title":"Change in the neurochemical signature and morphological development of the parvocellular isthmic projection to the avian tectum.","authors":"Rosana Reyes-Pinto, José L Ferrán, Tomas Vega-Zuniga, Cristian González-Cabrera, Harald Luksch, Jorge Mpodozis, Luis Puelles, Gonzalo J Marín","doi":"10.1002/cne.25229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.25229","url":null,"abstract":"Neurons can change their classical neurotransmitters during ontogeny, sometimes going through stages of dual release. Here, we explored the development of the neurotransmitter identity of neurons of the avian nucleus isthmi parvocellularis (Ipc), whose axon terminals are retinotopically arranged in the optic tectum (TeO) and exert a focal gating effect upon the ascending transmission of retinal inputs. Although cholinergic and glutamatergic markers are both found in Ipc neurons and terminals of adult pigeons and chicks, the mRNA expression of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter, VAChT, is weak or absent. To explore how the Ipc neurotransmitter identity is established during ontogeny, we analyzed the expression of mRNAs coding for cholinergic (ChAT, VAChT, and CHT) and glutamatergic (VGluT2 and VGluT3) markers in chick embryos at different developmental stages. We found that between E12 and E18, Ipc neurons expressed all cholinergic mRNAs and also VGluT2 mRNA; however, from E16 through posthatch stages, VAChT mRNA expression was specifically diminished. Our ex vivo deposits of tracer crystals and intracellular filling experiments revealed that Ipc axons exhibit a mature paintbrush morphology late in development, experiencing marked morphological transformations during the period of presumptive dual vesicular transmitter release. Additionally, although ChAT protein immunoassays increasingly label the growing Ipc axon, this labeling was consistently restricted to sparse portions of the terminal branches. Combined, these results suggest that the synthesis of glutamate and acetylcholine, and their vesicular release, is complexly linked to the developmental processes of branching, growing and remodeling of these unique axons.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"553-573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39290323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Morphometric analysis of astrocytes in vocal production circuits of common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). 普通狨猴发声回路星形胶质细胞形态计量学分析。

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25230

Ariana Z Turk, Shahriar SheikhBahaei

{"title":"Morphometric analysis of astrocytes in vocal production circuits of common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).","authors":"Ariana Z Turk, Shahriar SheikhBahaei","doi":"10.1002/cne.25230","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cne.25230","url":null,"abstract":"Astrocytes, the star-shaped glial cells, are the most abundant non-neuronal cell population in the central nervous system. They play a key role in modulating activities of neural networks, including those involved in complex motor behaviors. Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), the most vocal non-human primate (NHP), have been used to study the physiology of vocalization and social vocal production. However, the neural circuitry involved in vocal production is not fully understood. In addition, even less is known about the involvement of astrocytes in this circuit. To understand the role, that astrocytes may play in the complex behavior of vocalization, the initial step may be to study their structural properties in the cortical and subcortical regions that are known to be involved in vocalization. Here, in the common marmoset, we identify all astrocytic subtypes seen in other primate's brains, including intralaminar astrocytes. In addition, we reveal detailed structural characteristics of astrocytes and perform morphometric analysis of astrocytes residing in the cortex and midbrain regions that are associated with vocal production. We found that cortical astrocytes in these regions illustrate a higher level of complexity when compared to those in the midbrain. We hypothesize that this complexity that is expressed in cortical astrocytes may reflect their functions to meet the metabolic/structural needs of these regions.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"574-589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0a/41/CNE-530-574.PMC8716418.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39307385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CX3CR1 mutation alters synaptic and astrocytic protein expression, topographic gradients, and response latencies in the auditory brainstem. CX3CR1突变改变听觉脑干突触和星形细胞蛋白表达、地形梯度和反应潜伏期。

IF 2.5

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-14 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25150

Giedre Milinkeviciute, Sima M Chokr, Emily M Castro, Karina S Cramer

{"title":"CX3CR1 mutation alters synaptic and astrocytic protein expression, topographic gradients, and response latencies in the auditory brainstem.","authors":"Giedre Milinkeviciute, Sima M Chokr, Emily M Castro, Karina S Cramer","doi":"10.1002/cne.25150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.25150","url":null,"abstract":"The precise and specialized circuitry in the auditory brainstem develops through adaptations of cellular and molecular signaling. We previously showed that elimination of microglia during development impairs synaptic pruning that leads to maturation of the calyx of Held, a large encapsulating synapse that terminates on neurons of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). Microglia depletion also led to a decrease in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker for mature astrocytes. Here, we investigated the role of signaling through the fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1), which is expressed by microglia and mediates communication with neurons. CX3CR1-/- and wild-type mice were studied before and after hearing onset and at 9 weeks of age. Levels of GFAP were significantly increased in the MNTB in mutants at 9 weeks. Pruning was unaffected at the calyx of Held, but we found an increase in expression of glycinergic synaptic marker in mutant mice at P14, suggesting an effect on maturation of inhibitory inputs. We observed disrupted tonotopic gradients of neuron and calyx size in MNTB in mutant mice. Auditory brainstem recording (ABR) revealed that CX3CR1-/- mice had normal thresholds and amplitudes but decreased latencies and interpeak latencies, particularly for the highest frequencies. These results demonstrate that disruption of fractalkine signaling has a significant effect on auditory brainstem development. Our findings highlight the importance of neuron-microglia-astrocyte communication in pruning of inhibitory synapses and establishment of tonotopic gradients early in postnatal development.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"3076-3097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cne.25150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25540933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Development of parvalbumin neurons and perineuronal nets in the visual cortex of normal and dark-exposed cats. 正常和黑暗暴露猫视觉皮层小白蛋白神经元和神经元周围网的发育。

IF 2.5

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-20 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25127

Elise M Aronitz, Braden A Kamermans, Kevin R Duffy

{"title":"Development of parvalbumin neurons and perineuronal nets in the visual cortex of normal and dark-exposed cats.","authors":"Elise M Aronitz, Braden A Kamermans, Kevin R Duffy","doi":"10.1002/cne.25127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.25127","url":null,"abstract":"During development, the visual system maintains a high capacity for modification by expressing characteristics permissive for plasticity, enabling neural circuits to be refined by visual experience to achieve their mature form. This period is followed by the emergence of characteristics that stabilize the brain to consolidate for lifetime connections that were informed by experience. Attenuation of plasticity potential is thought to derive from an accumulation of plasticity-inhibiting characteristics that appear at ages beyond the peak of plasticity. Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are molecular aggregations that primarily surround fast-spiking inhibitory neurons called parvalbumin (PV) cells, which exhibit properties congruent with a plasticity inhibitor. In this study, we examined the development of PNNs and PV cells in the primary visual cortex of a highly visual mammal, and assessed the impact that 10 days of darkness had on both characteristics. Here, we show that labeling for PV expression emerges earlier and reaches adult levels sooner than PNNs. We also demonstrate that darkness, a condition known to enhance plasticity, significantly reduces the density of PNNs and the size of PV cell somata but does not alter the number of PV cells in the visual cortex. The darkness-induced reduction of PV cell size occurred irrespective of whether neurons were surrounded by a PNN, suggesting that PNNs have a restricted capacity to inhibit plasticity. Finally, we show that PV cells surrounded by a PNN were significantly larger than those without one, supporting the view that PNNs may mediate trophic support to the cells they surround.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"2827-2841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cne.25127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25360613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ocular dominance columns in V1 are more susceptible than associated callosal patches to imbalance of eye input during precritical and critical periods. 在临界前和临界期，V1的眼优势柱比相关胼胝体斑块更容易受到眼输入失衡的影响。

IF 2.5

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25134

Jaime F Olavarria, Robyn J Laing, Adrian K Andelin

{"title":"Ocular dominance columns in V1 are more susceptible than associated callosal patches to imbalance of eye input during precritical and critical periods.","authors":"Jaime F Olavarria, Robyn J Laing, Adrian K Andelin","doi":"10.1002/cne.25134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.25134","url":null,"abstract":"In Long Evans rats, ocular dominance columns (ODCs) in V1 overlap with patches of callosal connections. Using anatomical tracers, we found that ODCs and callosal patches are present at postnatal day 10 (P10), several days before eye opening, and about 10 days before the activation of the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity (~P20). In rats monocularly enucleated at P10 and perfused ~P20, ODCs ipsilateral to the remaining eye desegregated, indicating that rat ODCs are highly susceptible to monocular enucleation during a precritical period. Monocular enucleation during the critical period exerted significant, although smaller, effects. Monocular eye lid suture during the critical period led to a significant expansion of the ipsilateral projection from the nondeprived eye, whereas the contralateral projection invaded into, and intermixed with, ipsilateral ODCs innervated by the deprived eye. We propose that this intermixing allows callosal connections to contribute to the effects of monocular deprivation assessed in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the nondeprived eye. The ipsilateral and contralateral projections from the deprived eye did not undergo significant shrinkage. In contrast, we found that callosal patches are less susceptible to imbalance of eye input. In rats monocularly enucleated during either the precritical or critical periods, callosal patches were maintained in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the remaining eye, but desegregated in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the enucleated orbit. Callosal patches were maintained in rats binocularly enucleated at P10 or later. Similarly, monocular deprivation during the critical period had no significant effect on callosal patches in either hemisphere.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"2883-2910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cne.25134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25462483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The mouth matters most: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of how dogs perceive inanimate objects. 嘴最重要:一项关于狗如何感知无生命物体的功能性磁共振成像研究。

IF 2.5

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25142

Ashley Prichard, Raveena Chhibber, Kate Athanassiades, Veronica Chiu, Mark Spivak, Gregory S Berns

{"title":"The mouth matters most: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of how dogs perceive inanimate objects.","authors":"Ashley Prichard, Raveena Chhibber, Kate Athanassiades, Veronica Chiu, Mark Spivak, Gregory S Berns","doi":"10.1002/cne.25142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.25142","url":null,"abstract":"The perception and representation of objects in the world are foundational to all animals. The relative importance of objects' physical properties versus how the objects are interacted with continues to be debated. Neural evidence in humans and nonhuman primates suggests animate-inanimate and face-body dimensions of objects are represented in the temporal cortex. However, because primates have opposable thumbs and interact with objects in similar ways, the question remains as to whether this similarity represents the evolution of a common cognitive process or whether it reflects a similarity of physical interaction. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in dogs to test whether the type of interaction affects object processing in an animal that interacts primarily with its mouth. In Study 1, we identified object-processing regions of cortex by having dogs passively view movies of faces and objects. In Study 2, dogs were trained to interact with two new objects with either the mouth or the paw. Then, we measured responsivity in the object regions to the presentation of these objects. Mouth-objects elicited significantly greater activity in object regions than paw-objects. Mouth-objects were also associated with activity in somatosensory cortex, suggesting dogs were anticipating mouthing interactions. These findings suggest that object perception in dogs is affected by how dogs expect to interact with familiar objects.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"2987-2994"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cne.25142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25499463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Synaptic inputs to broad thorny ganglion cells in macaque retina. 猕猴视网膜中多刺神经节细胞的突触输入。

IF 2.5

The Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-29 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25156

Andrea S Bordt, Sara S Patterson, Rebecca J Girresch, Diego Perez, Luke Tseng, James R Anderson, Marcus A Mazzaferri, James A Kuchenbecker, Rodrigo Gonzales-Rojas, Ashley Roland, Charis Tang, Christian Puller, Alice Z Chuang, Judith Mosinger Ogilvie, Jay Neitz, David W Marshak

{"title":"Synaptic inputs to broad thorny ganglion cells in macaque retina.","authors":"Andrea S Bordt, Sara S Patterson, Rebecca J Girresch, Diego Perez, Luke Tseng, James R Anderson, Marcus A Mazzaferri, James A Kuchenbecker, Rodrigo Gonzales-Rojas, Ashley Roland, Charis Tang, Christian Puller, Alice Z Chuang, Judith Mosinger Ogilvie, Jay Neitz, David W Marshak","doi":"10.1002/cne.25156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.25156","url":null,"abstract":"In primates, broad thorny retinal ganglion cells are highly sensitive to small, moving stimuli. They have tortuous, fine dendrites with many short, spine-like branches that occupy three contiguous strata in the middle of the inner plexiform layer. The neural circuits that generate their responses to moving stimuli are not well-understood, and that was the goal of this study. A connectome from central macaque retina was generated by serial block-face scanning electron microscopy, a broad thorny cell was reconstructed, and its synaptic inputs were analyzed. It received fewer than 2% of its inputs from both ON and OFF types of bipolar cells; the vast majority of its inputs were from amacrine cells. The presynaptic amacrine cells were reconstructed, and seven types were identified based on their characteristic morphology. Two types of narrow-field cells, knotty bistratified Type 1 and wavy multistratified Type 2, were identified. Two types of medium-field amacrine cells, ON starburst and spiny, were also presynaptic to the broad thorny cell. Three types of wide-field amacrine cells, wiry Type 2, stellate wavy, and semilunar Type 2, also made synapses onto the broad thorny cell. Physiological experiments using a macaque retinal preparation in vitro confirmed that broad thorny cells received robust excitatory input from both the ON and the OFF pathways. Given the paucity of bipolar cell inputs, it is likely that amacrine cells provided much of the excitatory input, in addition to inhibitory input.","PeriodicalId":160000,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"3098-3111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cne.25156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25580390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6