Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of the Application of Poultry Manure and Wood Ash on Maize (Zea mays L.) Performance","authors":"G. O. Dayo-Olagbende, O. J. Ayodele, G. I. Ogunwale","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of the application of poultry manure and wood ash on the growth and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.). The poultry manure was applied two weeks prior to planting to allow for proper decomposition. Wood ash was applied a day before planting. There were three treatments in all including the control and the treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Plant height and leaf area were taken at three weeks after planting to nine weeks after planting with an interval of two weeks. The grain yield was taken at eleven weeks after planting and was dried, weighed and recorded. The results showed that poultry manure significantly increased plant height (192.0 cm) and grain yield (4.83 t/ha) but has no significant effect on the number of leaves and leaf area with 12cm and 3403.6cm2 respectively. The values of plant height and leaf area of the control were relatively high compared with other treatments. This can be attributed to the availability of Nitrogen in the soil. The wood ash was found to give the lowest values for nitrogen as well as vegetative growth of maize, this could be attributed to the fact that nitrogen tends to volatilize when in contact with alkaline mediums and consequently affect vegetative growth of maize.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75434534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biorational Preservation of Rose (Rosa hybrida L.) Cut-Flower Using Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) and Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) Extracts","authors":"John Kamanthi Kiige, P. Mathenge, A. Kavoo","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Rose cut flower is one of the widely grown cut flowers in Kenya. However, most roses have a challenge of short vase life. This study aimed at determining the efficacy of plant extracts from thyme and stevia in preservation of rose cut-flowers. Two rose cut-flower cultivars; ‘radiance and ‘high & sparkling’ were subjected to stevia and thyme extracts each at three levels (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6gL-1). Thyme extracts at a concentration of 0.2 gL-1 significantly (p≤001) extended the vase life of rose cut flower by 3.5 days and floral absorption rates by 10.4% compared to the commercial preservative (chrysal) at the same concentration rates. Application of higher doses (0.4gL-1 and 0.6gL-1) of plant extracts led to shorter vase life (6 days) of rose cut flower and maximum bent neck records at day 8. The response of rose cut flower to the treatments did not vary between cultivars. The results from this study indicate that thyme extracts offer an attractive alternative to the use of chemical floral preservatives for prolonging the vase life and enhancing quality of rose cut flower. The efficacy of extracts is however depended on the concentration level with 0.2gL-1 dosage recording the best results.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88481718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Rice (Oryza sativa) to the Application of Manganese in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria","authors":"F. Ibrahim, S.I. Anebi, P. Michael Alogakho","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.4.17","url":null,"abstract":"A pot experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Agriculture Makurdi to determine the effect of manganese fertilizer on the growth and yield of rice. Treatment consists of five levels of Manganese (Mn) (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg ha-1) in form of MnSO4. The treatments were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The effect of Mn on the growth of rice indicate that there were no significant difference in the growth parameters measured with the exception of plant height at 8 weeks after planting and number of tillers at 4 weeks after planting. The tallest plants and highest number of tillers were obtained with 10 kg ha-1 Mn. The effect of Mn on the yield of rice indicate that there was a significant difference in the yield parameters measured with the exception of number of grain per panicle and root weight at 4 weeks after planting. Manganese at the rate of 10 kg ha-1 gave the highest grain yield (2,667 kg ha-1) and highest dry matter weight. Levels of Mn above 10 kg ha-1 led to yield decrease, therefore application of 10 kg ha-1 Mn was recommended for optimum yield of rice.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"15 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72638401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of EM (Effective Microorganisms) and Biochar on the Rate of Decomposition and the Nutrient Content of the Compost Manure Produced from the Locally Available Materials during Composting in Kakamega Central Sub County Kenya","authors":"Inviolata Nanyuli, S. Omuterema, F. Muyekho","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.4.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.4.33","url":null,"abstract":"Kakamega County is one of the most densely populated regions in Kenya and most people are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. High population has led to continuous cultivation hence depletion of nutrients through the removal of crop residues, leaching and soil erosion. Inorganic fertilizers can restore soil fertility but are unaffordable for the majority of smallholder farmers living with 1240 KES (10.32 EUR) per month. However, despite government and NGOs interventions towards promoting the use of organic fertilizers in Kakamega County, the adoption rates are still low due to the long waiting period before the compost manure is ready. This study aimed at solving the problem of the period taken by the locally available organic matter to decompose and consequently the quality of the compost manure produced from various treatments. The objective of the study was to examine the effects of EM and Biochar on the rate of decomposition of locally available organic materials under Berkeley composting technique; and to evaluate the nutrient content of compost manure produced from the different treatments. Experimental design was used to examine the effects of EM and Biochar on the rate of decomposition under Berkeley composting technique and to evaluate the nutrient content of compost manure produced from different treatments. Four treatments; (i) Normal Berkeley (Control) (ii) EM+Berkeley (iii) Biochar+Berkeley, and (iv) EM+Biochar+Berkeley were evaluated in a completely randomized block design replicated three times. Nutrient content analysis used; Wet chemistry, LDPSA, PXRF and Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy. Berkeley Hot/Rapid composting was the most adopted composting technique (28.65%), significance (χ2 = 66.500). Combining Biochar and EM (T4) significantly (P<0.05) accelerated the rate of decomposition of organic matter by attaining the highest temperature of 60°C on the 4th day, followed by compost heap with biochar alone (T3) and compost heaps with EM (T2) which attained the highest temperature of 58°C respectively on the 6th day compared to compost piles without biochar or EM at a temperature of 55°C on 8th day. The results suggest that Biochar and EM accelerate the composting process. pH, total N, K and CEC were not significantly affected by the composting treatments, while Total Carbon was significantly (p<0.05) highest in the Biochar+Berkeley treatment, followed by EM+Berkeley treatment and lowest in EM+Biochar+Berkeley treatment. Phosphorus and Total carbon were also higher in EM compost (1.8% and 5.4%) (p<0.05) compared to non-EM compost (1.2% and 5.0%).","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"155 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85324311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Regeneration of Medicinally Important Shrub Carissa Opaca from Shoot Apices and Nodal Segments","authors":"Ali Ahmad, B. Abbasi, M. Zia","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.3.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.3.23","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed to develop efficient shoot regeneration fromex vitroexplants ofCarissa opaca, an imperative medicinal reservoir. Shoot apices and nodal segments were inoculated on MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium containing BAP (6-bezyl amino purine) and Kin (Kinetin) alone and in combination with NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) and GA3(Gibberellic acid). Higher concentrations of both cytokinins were found effective for regeneration from both explants. However, gibberellic acid and NAA addition with cytokinin, no persuading results were achieved. The shoot apices were found more effective inin vitroregeneration than nodal segments.The protocol can be effectively used for in vitro multiplication ofC. opaca, genetic transformation, and secondary metabolite production.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"234 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82877826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Sunflower Genotypes for Potassium Use Efficiency in Irrigated Soil Condition","authors":"Sobia Baby Jamro, N. Talpur, Mukesh Kumar Sootahar, Z. Shah, M. K. Sootahar, A. Panhwar","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.3.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.3.30","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during summer 2016 to screen out sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) genotypes for their potassium (K) use efficiency ratio. Eight sunflower genotypes were tested; Samsung 20, Mehran 2, Ho-1, Melabour, Samsung 30, Valugur, Chinika and Sputnik in randomised complete block design (RCBD) with the two treatments comprised of potassium at (50 and 0 kg K ha-1) along with source (SOP) recommended dose fertilizer respectively. The results revealed that the treated and control plots (50 and 0 kg K ha-1) produced different values for of seeds (1763.1 and 1588.5 head-1), shoot dry weight (23.0 and 19.11 g), head diameter (17.45 and 15.72 cm), seed yields (2065.8 and 1918.7 kg ha-1), seed K % (0.60 and 0.30%) and diagnostic tissue % (3.54 and 2.65%) respectively. The considerable increase was found in seeds head-1(10.99%), shoot dry weight (20.35%), head diameter (11.01%), seed yields (11.31%) seed K % (100%), and leaf K % (33.58%). Among genotypes, Ho-1 was highly efficient to utilize added K fertilizer more seed (2039.7 head-1), shoot dry weight (25.86 g), plant height (188.66 cm), head diameter (20.20 cm), seed yields (2409.5 kg hat-1). Moreover seed K % and leaf K % was also high in variety Ho_1 (0.65% and (5.05%) respectively. Among all the sunflower tested genotypes Ho-1 showed significant response applied K but the variety Ho-1 and genotype Chinika were more efficient in utilization of K.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88826505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Mung Bean Crop to Different Levels of Applied Iron and Zinc","authors":"A. Jamal, Muhammad Ismail Khan, M. Tariq, M. Fawad","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"Fertilization of Mung bean (Vigna radiataL) is one of the most crucial management technique which effects crop growth and yield. Therefore the present study was carried out at Agricultural Research Station Kohat under rain fed conditions during spring 2017, to assess the response of mung bean (Vigna radiateL.) to three levels of iron (0, 2 and 5 kg ha-1) and three levels of zinc (0, 5 and 10 kg ha-1). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete design with split plot arrangement and replicated three times. The results revealed that application of Fe at the rate 5 kg ha-1and Zn at the rate 10 kg ha-1significantly increased biological yield, grain yield, straw yield, nodule numbers and weight by 5624 kg ha-1, 968 kg ha-1, 4655 kg ha-1, 35 and 0.67g respectively whereas the interaction was found non- significant. The nitrogen content in grains and straw was also significantly increased by 2.22% and 3.56% respectively with application of Fe at 5 kg ha-1and Zn at 10 kg ha-1, however their interaction was also found non-significant. Similarly the plant nitrogen uptake was also significantly increased by 323.33 kg ha-1with application of Fe at 5 kg ha-1and Zn at 10 kg ha-1.It was concluded that Fe and Zn enhanced mung bean productivity.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80907775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) as Buffer for Heavy Metals Phytoextraction by Cucurbita maxima Duch. Grown on Crude Oil Contaminated Soil","authors":"O. Okon, J. Okon, G.D.O. Eneh","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (Rhizophagus irregularis) fungi inoculation (M) on the growth ofCucurbita maximaand as a buffer against phytoextraction of selected heavy metals (HM) (Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd and Pb) from a soil contaminated with crude oil (C). The experiment was set up using four soil treatments, each with three replicates C+ M-, C+ M+, C-M+ and C-M- (control without oil and inoculum). The shoot length, petiole length, number of nodes, leaf area and percentage germination ofC. maximawere significantly (p=0.05) reduced in uninoculated crude oil treatment (C+ M-), unpolluted mycorrhizal inoculated treatments (C-M+) showed remarkable response in growth parameters above the control (C-M-), while the polluted and inoculated treatment (C+ M+) showed significant (p=0.05) increase in growth parameters when compared to the polluted uninoculated treatment (C+ M-). Heavy metals analysis revealed a significant (p=0.05) difference in the heavy metal accumulation ofC. maxima. The heavy metals analyzed in this study are present thus inC. maxima; Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Cd. Crude oil polluted uninoculated treatment (C+ M-) recorded the highest concentrations of heavy metals than crude oil polluted inoculated (R. irregularis) treatment (C+ M+). Mycorrhizal inoculated unpolluted treatment (C-M+) and unpolluted uninoculated treatment (C-M-) indicated the lowest heavy metal concentrations. Inoculation withR. irregularissignificantly (p=0.05) reduced heavy metals uptake byC. maximaas observed in this study. Also, the negative effect of crude oil on AMF root colonization ofC. maximabyR. irregulariswas observed in polluted and inoculated treatment. HM often accumulate in the top layer of soil, therefore, are available for uptake by plants via roots, which is a major entry point of HM that ultimately affects different physiological processes. AM fungi can impinge on the chemical properties of heavy metals in the soil, their absorption by the host plant, and their allocation to different plant parts, affecting plant growth and the bioremediation process, thus making the AM fungi a suitable buffer for mitigating heavy metal stress onC. maxima.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81171770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}