Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research最新文献

{"title":"Biochemical Diversity of Sweetpotato Genotypes","authors":"L. Ochieng","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.6.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.6.1","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive analysis of the variation in sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is essential for sound germplasm conservation and recommendation strategies for production and consumption. The study evaluated biochemical content of 68 sweetpotato genotypes grown at the Miyare Agriculture Training College and Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Embu, Kenya. Ten storage root and seven aerial traits were used in the characterization. Storage root dry matter, protein and total carotenoids contents were all higher at the Miyare Agriculture Training College site compared to the Embu site; storage root sucrose and total starch content was higher in Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Embu, compared to the Miyare Agriculture Training College. Dry mater content ranged from 22.9% to 41.7%, protein content ranged from 5.2% to 13.4%, total carotenoids content ranged from 5.9 µg∙g-1 to 33.1 µg∙g-1, sucrose content ranged from 11.0 mg kg-1 to 108.5 mg kg-1, and total starch ranged from 9.1 mg kg-1 to 97.6 mg kg-1. The study demonstrates varying biochemical characteristics in sweetpotato, depending on genotypes and location. Selecting and improving sweet potago genotypes rich in biochemical contents could help to solve the problem of food security and nutrition, especially in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"108 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91466322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Abiotic Stress on Irrigated Maize Forage Yield as Compared to Sorghum","authors":"S. Mohammed, M. Mohammed","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.6.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.6.27","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted in Sudan (Africa) during the summer and winter seasons (2013 – 2014) at two locations: Shambat (normal soils) and Soba (salt affected soils). Nine maize (Zeamays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivars were studied under two watering regimes arranged in split plot experiment in randomized complete block design. The eight test-environments created by the combination of locations, seasons and watering regimes were used to investigate the effect of salt, water and heat stresses on forage yield and some related traits. The results showed that separate and combined stress factors significantly reduced forage yield. The greatest reduction in dry matter yield caused by one factor was shown by salt stress (29.6%) and the least reduction was caused by heat stress (3.9%). Water stress coupled with either heat or salt stress caused the greater reduction in yield (37.0%-43.3%) than the combination of the other factors. Full stress caused 53.8% yield reduction. Days to tasseling was significantly reduced by heat stress whereas water and salt stress showed no significant effect on tasseling duration. Full stress caused the greatest effect on days to tasseling. Plant height and stem diameter were significantly reduced by salt and water stress. Two hybrids kept top rank in yield through most abiotic stress levels showing resilience to unfavorable environments. All maize genotypes significantly outyielded the sorghum check under no heat stress (winter sowing) regardless the effect of salt and water stresses while the opposite is true under the heat stress (summer sowing). It was concluded that salt and water stress are the major abiotic stresses limiting forage maize production. Maize tolerate better reduction in temperature than dose sorghum while the latter tolerate better salt and water stresses than dose maize. Forage maize could be competitively grown during summer if water and salt stresses are avoided","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73203184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield and Yield Related Parameters of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Treated with Paclobutrazol at Different Stages in North West Ethiopia","authors":"Walelegn Endegena","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.6.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.6.37","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of Paclobutrazol (PBZ) on fruit yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMill.) were investigated by spraying it on tomato seedlings grown in an open field. The treatments were 5 x 2 factorial combinations including five rates of PBZ (control, 1 kg ha-1, 2 kg ha-1, 3 kg ha-1and 4 kg ha-1) and two times of application (at 2 to 4 and 6 to 8 true leaf growth stages of tomato seedlings), arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design, each treatment replicated three times. The objective of the study was to characterize the effect of rate and time of application of PBZ on the yield and yield related parameters of tomato. Time and rate of application of PBZ significantly increased harvest index, yield concentration and index of economic earliness, and decreased fruit set percentage, pericarp thickness, fruit diameter and percentage of class one fruit. Irrespective of the time of application, an increase in the rate of PBZ compared to the control significantly increased days to fruit maturity. Time and rate of application of PBZ were significantly interacted to increase; unmarketable fruit yield but decrease means fruit weight. Compared to the control, the interaction effects also produced two significant trends of variations on fruit yield per plant, fruit dry weight per plant, marketable fruit yield and total fruit yield. Significant reduction in yields was observed for diluted concentrations like 1 and 2 kg/ha a.i. of PBZ in the second time of application and 1 kg/ha a.i. of PBZ in the first time of application, whereas all other treatments produced significantly higher yields than the controls. On the contrary, time and rate of application of PBZ were found to be effective in improving economic earliness of tomato. As a whole, time and rate of application of PBZ resulted in two significant trends of variations (increasing and decreasing) on fruit yields of tomato. Hence, it could be possible to propose that more assimilate reallocation to the fruits are significant advantage of PBZ treatments contributing to the improvement of seedling quality at planting for increased seedling survival rate, better stress protection, early and more fruit production.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90758196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of Weed Species in Farms Kisii Central Sub-County, Western Kenya","authors":"Charles N. Nyamwamu, R. Karanja, P. Mwangi","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.6.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.6.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to determine species diversity and Importance Values (IV) of weeds in farms in Kisii Central Sub County, Western Kenya. Eight administrative sub-locations were randomly selected. Ten farms were selected at equal distance along transect laid across each sub-location. Quadrant and a line transect laid across each farm were used to collect weed species. Five rectangular quadrants of 0.5x2m were established in each farm and individuals of each weed species identified and counted. Importance value (IV) for each weed species was computed from density, frequency and abundance. Diversity was computed by Shannon index (H’). Twenty four weed species from 22 genera in 10 families were recorded, Family Asteraceae had the highest number of species (6), followed by Solanaceae and Poaceae with 4 and 3 species respectively. The dominant weed species were Galinsoga parviflora(IV=241.6%), Pennisetum clandestinum(IV=215.8.7%),Bidens pilosa(IV=196.7%), Cynodon dactylon (IV=192.4%), Digitaria scalarum(IV=180.8%) and Cyperus esculentus(172.0%). Weed species diversity was higher (H'=2.81).","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87752094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Pot Marigold to Different Applied Levels of Humic Acid","authors":"Sohail Ahmad, J. Khan, A. Jamal","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.57","url":null,"abstract":"A research study was conducted to determine the effects of different dozes of humic acid on growth and yield of marigold at Horticulture Nursery University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, during spring season. The experiment was laid under Completely Randomized Design with 05 replications and 08 pots pre replications were used. The treatments of humic acids were (T1= control, T2= 250, T3= 750, T4= 1000 ml/L respectively). Significant differences were found in treated flowers. The higher values were noted in leaf length, number of flowers plants, flower width, and flower length. The higher values of leaf length (7.4 cm), number of flowers plant (2.9), flowers width (9.92 cm) and flowers length (20.18 cm) were found by the application of 750 mg of humic acid. However the maximum number of flowers per plant was (5), flower width (1.48 cm) and flower length (3.28 cm) were found with the application of 1000 mg humic acid.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76595706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Harvest, Processing, and Substrate in the Germination of Dalbergia nigra Seeds","authors":"L. Regnier","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.30","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Dalbergia nigra is a Brazilian native species with relevant economic and ecological roles. Due to its indiscriminate exploration is an endangered species. Besides the great demand for seedling production, only a few aspects of D. nigra germination have been explored. Thus, this study aimed to determine how harvesting immature fruits, fruits processing, and substrate could influence Dalbergia nigra germination process. Five thousand immature, and five thousand mature fruits evenly distributed between two replicas of each of tree 3 treatments; integral fruits, fruits with edges cut, and direct seed sowing in vermiculite. Seeking to evaluate substrate influence over germination, 252 seeds were strewed in the prepared organic substrate. No fruits harvested in visually green appearance did germinate under any of treatments. Integral fruits and cut procedure presented the same time for the first germination, almost two times the amount observed to direct seeds sowing. Besides that, the germination rate was not statistically affected. We found that different substrates also influence the germination pattern, as seen to seed processing when using vermiculite as a substrate, germination starts earlier but the germination rate was not statistically affected. Harvest of Dalbergia nigra green fruits is not an adequate procedure seeking seedling production. The reduction on germination time and better seedling quality, indicate that direct seed sowing procedure is adequate seeking seedling production. Vermiculite substrate gave better results, reducing the time required to germination process. Besides that, this substrate did not affect the germination rate during this study period.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78312643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agro-Morphological Characterization of Sweet Potato Genotypes Grown in Different Ecological Zones in Kenya","authors":"L. Ochieng","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.1","url":null,"abstract":"A main characteristic of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam.] is its high phenotypic and genotypic variability. There is no, or limited, information on suitability of agro-morphological characteristics for utilization in production and processing. Currrently, farmers are growing different sweet potato genotypes characterized with low yield. The aim of the study was to evaluate agro-morphological characteristics of 68 sweet potato genotypes in order to determine the best performing ones. The sweet potato genotypes were grown at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization and the Embu and Miyare Agriculture Training College. The locations were chosen because they are the main sweet potato producing areas with different climatic and production conditions. Six storage root and five aerial characters were used in the characterization. The genotypes differed in storage root stalk and root length; vine internode length and vine internode growth rate; petiole length and leaf size, and yield at both sites. Genotype Nyautenge was the best performing in terms of storage root yield. There was poor correlation among agro-morphological attributes. The study demonstrates the potential of some sweet potato genotypes such as Nyautenge for high productivity.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85073389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Phosphorous Fertilizers in Wheat Crop Production in Pakistan","authors":"A. Jamal, M. Fawad","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.25","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus is that element of periodic table, which is extensively found in nature and along with Nitrogen (N) and potassium represents the overall composition of plants and animal life. Phosphorus performed different metabolic activities in plants and is one of the key elements for the maturation of plants and boosting up the larger quantities. As it has a vital role in the metabolism and energy production reaction and can survive the unfavorable environmental effects so cause increase in yield. A research review was carried out on the effectiveness of P fertilizers on wheat crop in Pakistan. Almost all of the researchers in all areas indicated that P fertilizers significantly improved the growth as well as yield parameters of wheat crop. But the optimum rate of P fertilizer at which highest yield recorded was different for each area, soil and environmental condition. Although these findings on P fertilization representing many capable results regarding to yield and yield components of wheat but still further research is strongly recommended to evaluate the dynamics of P in soil as well as the interaction effect of P with other micro and macro nutrients.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75955919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement Salt Tolerance of Safflower Plants by Endophytic Bacteria","authors":"K. A. Hemida, Amany M. Reyad","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.38","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity is one of the most dangerous environmental limiting factors of the plant productivity. A wide range of adaptation strategies is required to overcome salinity stress. However, such strategies seem to be long drawn and cost-intensive. It has been confirmed in recent years that plant growth promoting endophytes (PGPEs) that have the ability to further build a symbiotic association with their host to improve host plant salt tolerance. In our investigation try to improve plant salt tolerance using different species of endophytic bacteria. From the total eight endophytic bacterial species were isolated from root, stem, and leaf of Carthamustinctorius (safflower) plant, two isolates were capable of using 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) as a sole nitrogen source, and they are of positive results for (ACC) deaminase activity and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. The bacterial isolates were identified using 16S ribosomal DNA technique as Bacillus cereus and Bacillus aerius and had accession numbers MG708176 and MG711593 respectively, by submitting their sequences in GenBank database. This study showed that the bacterial strains B. cereus and B. aerius are valuable biological plant growth promoters that could enhance salt tolerance in Safflower plants under 100, 200, and 300mMNaCl levels resulting in an increase in plant growth and ascorbate-glutathione redox cycle, in comparison with the non-inoculated controls. Our findings reported that the co-inoculation of the two selected endophytic bacteria strains were successfully isolated from Safflower seedlings significantly alleviated the harmful effects of salt stress, promoted plant growth and biomass yield.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73463652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic Performance of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Populations Induced by the MNU Mutant on the Adaptive Characteristics","authors":"Truong Thi Tu Anh, T. Xuan, Can Thu Huong, Tran Dang Dat","doi":"10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18052/WWW.SCIPRESS.COM/JHPR.5.13","url":null,"abstract":"Mutation is an impressive method to induce potent characteristics in rice breeding. Evaluation on the phenotypic perfomance in mutant populations is important to examine the effectiveness of mutation. In this study, two rice populations of MNU ((N-methyl-N-Nitrosourea) -induced mutants were used to evaluate their phenotypes. The results showed that all of varieties and mutants expressed their ability to adapt with new environment condition via phenotypic expression. Grain yield of them ranged from 6.18 to 10.70 tons/ha. In general population S/TB performed their best characters. The distribution of related traits to grain yield and amylose content were also different from each population. It was observed that mutants expressed better characters than their parents. This study provided general information on phenotype of rice mutants and varieties in new environmental condition and revealed better adaptive characteristics of rice mutants. Findings of this study confirmed the the efficacy of MNU in rice breeding.","PeriodicalId":15976,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74249377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}