Journal of Human Lactation最新文献

{"title":"About Research: Intervention Studies.","authors":"Jung Eun Lee","doi":"10.1177/08903344251345706","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251345706","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"313-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Donor Human Milk Bacterial Microbiota Composition is Shaped by Breastfeeding Mode.","authors":"Xufei Wang, Xiaoyu Pan, Fangfei Xiao, Qiao Xu, Xiaolu Li, Lin Ye, Dan Li, Ting Zhang, Yizhong Wang","doi":"10.1177/08903344251343033","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251343033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human milk contains a diverse community of microbes. The composition of this microbiota varies across different regions, and there is ongoing debate regarding its determinants.</p><p><strong>Research aim: </strong>To profile the bacterial composition of donor human milk samples from Shanghai, China, and to explore the factors influencing its composition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2018 to July 2022, involving 252 participants from the Shanghai Donor Human Milk Bank, Shanghai Children's Hospital. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed, and the microbiota composition was analyzed using K-means clustering, multiple linear regression, and sparse estimation of correlations among microbiomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of detected taxa belonged to the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota. Four clusters enriched with <i>Staphylococcus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Achromobacter</i>, <i>Achromobacter</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i>, and <i>Acinetobacter</i> were identified. Multivariable linear regression showed that at least some indirect breastfeeding was independently associated with lower bacterial diversity. Also, at least some indirect breastfeeding, preterm birth, and Cesarean section were associated with a higher relative abundance of <i>Staphylococcus</i>. Higher milk protein content was linked to increased levels of <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Enterococcus</i>, while lactation stage at sample collection inversely related to these genera. More linear and nonlinear relationships among the predominant genera of the direct breastfeeding group were found compared to the indirect breastfeeding group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breastfeeding mode was identified as a pivotal determinant of human milk microbial composition. Investigation of the milk microbiota composition may provide clues for optimizing donor human milk collection, processing, and utilization practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"359-370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Adherence to Breastfeeding Recommendations in Mothers Treated With Antirheumatic and Antidepressant Medications.","authors":"Essi Whaites Heinonen, Diana L Johnson, Alec Todd, Christina D Chambers","doi":"10.1177/08903344251337384","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251337384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is recommended, but breastfeeding safety data is insufficient for several medications.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine if mothers treated with chronic medications are less likely to breastfeed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this secondary analysis, 6383 pregnant women in the MotherToBaby cohort recruited from the United States and Canada between 2010 and 2022 were included. Participants treated with antirheumatic medications (ARM), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and asthma medications during pregnancy were divided into two groups based on their medication use: continuers and discontinuers. Breastfeeding initiation, supplementation with commercial milk formula, and discontinuation of breastfeeding before 6 months were compared between those exposed and unexposed to medication use. Adjusted risk and hazard ratios (aRR, aHR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated with modified Poisson and Cox regressions adjusted for year, parity, socioeconomic status, body mass index, smoking, illicit drug use, race and ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample included 799 (12.5%) continuers and 475 (7.4%) discontinuers of ARM, 293 continuers (4.6%) and 63 (1.0%) discontinuers of SSRIs, and 217 (3.4%) continuers and 97 (1.5%) discontinuers of asthma medications. There were 4,439 (69.6%) participants who were unexposed to the study medications. Both ARM continuers and discontinuers were more likely to not breastfeed (aRRs 95% CI: 3.92 [3.03, 5.07] and 3.08 [2.19, 4.33]), to supplement (aRRs 95% CI: 1.12 [1.01, 1.26] and 1.25 [1.10, 1.43]) and stop breastfeeding before 6 months (aHRs 95% CI: 1.72 [1.29, 2.31] and 1.41 [0.92, 2.15]). SSRI continuers were more likely to supplement (aRR 95% CI: 1.26 [1.08, 1.47]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants treated with chronic medications, primarily ARMs, were less likely to breastfeed. Targeted lactation support for mothers with chronic illnesses is recommended along with development of breastfeeding safety data for these medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"412-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding Knowledge and Associated Factors Among Nursing Students in China: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mingzhu Chen, Jinxin Zhao, Fengling Lu, Zhihong Chen, Lijuan Zhang, Jun Lei","doi":"10.1177/08903344251344909","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251344909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nurses' breastfeeding knowledge plays a significant role in promoting breastfeeding. Assessing nursing students' breastfeeding knowledge is crucial to devise effective educational strategies.</p><p><strong>Research aims: </strong>To assess breastfeeding knowledge among nursing students in mainland China and identify the factors associated with it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the status of breastfeeding knowledge and its associated factors among Chinese nursing students (<i>N</i> = 1606). Data were collected through a network survey platform (WJX), utilizing a researcher-designed questionnaire and the Nursing Student's Knowledge about Breastfeeding Questionnaire. The associated factors were analyzed using independent sample <i>t</i> tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and multiple linear regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean score for breastfeeding knowledge was 52.37 (<i>SD</i> = 27.39) out of 100. Passing is considered > 60. The breastfeeding knowledge score was higher in participants in their 3rd (<i>β</i> = 0.11, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and 4th year of study (<i>β</i> = 0.08, <i>p</i> = 0.006), and when participants reported deep breastfeeding-related learning (<i>β</i> = 0.21, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Lower knowledge levels were associated with incomplete breastfeeding related courses (<i>β</i> = -0.11, <i>p</i> < 0.001), no reported exposure to seeing breastfeeding (<i>β</i> = -0.08, <i>p</i> = 0.001), low confidence in effectively supporting breastfeeding (<i>β</i> = -0.11, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and a lack of enthusiasm for the profession of nursing (<i>β</i> = -0.06, <i>p</i> = 0.018).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests there is a need to adopt a more comprehensive approach to breastfeeding education in order to enhance nursing students' breastfeeding knowledge. This could improve what they can offer in practical experience towards supporting breastfeeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"345-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reasons for Breastfeeding Avoidance: A Multicenter Insight in Mothers With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.","authors":"Massimo Radin, Silvia G Foddai, Karen Schreiber, Irene Cecchi, Flavio Signorelli, Guilherme de Jesús, Kuniyuki Aso, Michihito Kono, Maria Letizia Urban, Beatrice Bacco, Silvia Gallo Cassarino, Luca Lo Sardo, Marta Arbrile, Alice Barinotti, Ignacio Gómez García, María Isabel Quaglia, Yohana Tissera, Fiammetta Gervasoni, María Ángeles Aguirre-Zamorano, Paula Alba, Chiara Benedetto, Tatsuya Atsumi, Olga Amengual, Giacomo Emmi, Danieli Andrade, Luca Marozio, Dario Roccatello, Savino Sciascia","doi":"10.1177/08903344251338242","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251338242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited research exists on breastfeeding among women with systemic lupus erythematosus, despite known benefits of human milk.</p><p><strong>Research aim: </strong>To investigate reasons for breastfeeding avoidance among postpartum women with systemic lupus erythematosus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive study, conducted in January 2023, combining retrospective pregnancy outcome data collection with a structured telephone questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Almost half of respondents (<i>n</i> = 22; 54.5%) experienced a disease flare within 24 months post-delivery. Reasons given by participants for breastfeeding avoidance included healthcare professional advice (<i>n</i> = 8; 36.4%), fear of medication harm (<i>n</i> = 5; 22.7%), and maternal/neonatal complications (<i>n</i> = 10; 45%). Most participants (<i>n</i> = 21; 95.5%) expressed a willingness to breastfeed if possible.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breastfeeding rates and breastfeeding specific care could be enhanced for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus through patient networks and appropriate practitioner education.</p>","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"392-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Mastitis in the Hospital Setting: An International Audit Study.","authors":"Lisa H Amir, Kelly P Coca, Marcia Juliana Mello Da Silva, Marcia Massumi Okada, Güliz Onat Demir, Busra Duran, Süleyman Kargin, Kübra Güllü, Lara Delic, Magdalena Dragicevic, Maria Rosenbauer, Mee-Har Michelle Ngan, Wirawan Jeong, Moni Rani Saha, Irena Zakarija-Grkovic","doi":"10.1177/08903344251338245","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251338245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding is strongly promoted by health authorities, but there is little research on whether health professionals provide best-practice care for women experiencing mastitis/breast abscess.</p><p><strong>Research aim: </strong>To explore management of mastitis/breast abscess in hospital emergency departments (EDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of patients presented to hospital EDs in Australia, Brazil, Croatia, Germany and Türkiye with lactational mastitis/abscess between 2017 and 2023 were reviewed. Demographic and clinical information (including symptoms, management, and investigations) was extracted and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 580 women with mastitis/breast abscess (646 Emergency Department presentations, mostly in the first 8 weeks postpartum) were identified during the study period. The majority of the women had symptoms of mastitis/breast abscess (breast pain, lump, and inflammation) for > 48 hours before presenting in the Emergency Department. In Australia, culture and sensitivity testing of milk was available for 44% (146/331) of presentations. <i>S. aureus</i> was the most common bacteria isolated (33%, <i>n</i> = 48), of which 6% (<i>n</i> = 3) were methicillin-resistant. The use of diagnostic ultrasound varied between sites, from 5% (3/65) in Croatia to 82% (40/49) in Germany. Breast abscesses were mostly managed by ultrasound-guided aspiration in Australia, whereas incision and drainage was standard care in Germany. Amoxicillin/clavulanate was most commonly prescribed in Croatia (57%, 31/54) and Türkiye (69%, 28/42), whereas flucloxacillin, cephalexin, or cefuroxime was primarily used in Australia (86%, 272/322), Brazil (62%, 66/106), or Germany (80%, 33/41), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The management of mastitis/breast abscess varied considerably between countries. International evidence-based guidelines for the management of lactational mastitis are urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"401-411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding Measurement - Choosing a Scale to Measure Breastfeeding Attitudes and Beliefs.","authors":"Sidra Mazhar, Laura Stilwell, Zoha Waqar Farooqi, Nicola Singletary","doi":"10.1177/08903344251343086","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251343086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and continued breastfeeding for up to two years. A mother's ability to initiate and sustain breastfeeding is shaped by complex individual- and community-level attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge, making it challenging to measure these factors across diverse contexts. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of existing instruments that assess breastfeeding attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge to facilitate the selection of appropriate tools, building upon existing reviews that have examined validated instruments for attitudes, knowledge, self-efficacy, and social support. This review aims to support researchers, program designers, and policymakers in choosing tools that align with their specific objectives, populations, and theoretical frameworks. A curated selection of validated instruments is presented in table format, highlighting constructs such as self-efficacy, attitudes, and beliefs. These tools were selected based on their relevance to general maternal populations, use in peer-reviewed research, and applicability across the breastfeeding continuum. Key domains included in the table are the construct measured, item format and scoring, considerations for tool selection, and examples of translation and cultural adaptation. Included instruments are psychometrically robust with established validity and reliability, and many have been adapted for and tested in diverse cultural settings. The table reveals that while many instruments demonstrate strong reliability and validity, their scope, cultural adaptability, and focus across the breastfeeding timeline vary considerably.</p>","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"318-331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Relationship Between Workplace Breastfeeding Support and Employment Guilt in Working Mothers.","authors":"Hülya Türkmen, Nazan Tuna Oran, Serpil Gürol, Çiğdem Gök, Kübra Aydın İnce","doi":"10.1177/08903344251337391","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251337391","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Mothers working in organizations where breastfeeding support is inadequate may experience employment guilt, which refers to the feelings of conflict or distress related to balancing work responsibilities with breastfeeding and may eventually feel the need to stop breastfeeding.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Research aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between workplace breastfeeding support and employment guilt among working mothers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This cross-sectional study (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; = 147) was conducted with mothers who were both breastfeeding and working in Türkiye between 1 December 2022 and 31 May 2023. Participants were recruited using an online survey distributed via social networking websites and mobile communication applications. The data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Workplace Breastfeeding Support Scale (WBSS), and the Maternal Employment Guilt Scale (MEGS).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary outcome measure was the relationship between workplace breastfeeding support and employment guilt. As workplace breastfeeding support decreased, the employment guilt levels of the participants significantly increased (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -5.389; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The secondary measures included the sociodemographic, obstetric, workplace-related, and breastfeeding concern-related characteristics of the participants. As satisfaction with breastfeeding support in the workplace increased, we found higher income level, lighter heavy workload (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 2.360; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.016), less report of breastfeeding leave from the workplace (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -2.668; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.009), and more anxiety due to unsuitable conditions for expressing milk and breastfeeding at work (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 5.052; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Employment guilt total scores were higher in individuals with an education level of high school and below (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -3.155; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002), private sector employment (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -2.785; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.006), and less leave after childbirth (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -3.042; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003). They also reported more worries about not being able to take as much unpaid leave as desired due to economic reasons (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 2.282; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.024), unsuitable conditions for expressing milk and breastfeeding at work (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -2.058; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.041), and infant care and nutrition when returning to work (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -1.990; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.049).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Inadequate workplace support for breastfeeding can hinder successful breastfeeding, resulting in employment guilt among mothers. Organizations choosing to provide good breastfeeding support might consider improving leave policies, in particular in relation to breastfeeding. They might also consider support for childcare and appropriate facilities for expressing milk. Healthcare professionals could help inform and increase awareness among mothers who consider returning to work after childbirth about the necessity of breast","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"332-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feelings, Practices, and the Breastfeeding Discourse Among Women of Low Socioeconomic Status.","authors":"Lilian Kuhnert Campos, Nébia Maria Almeida de Figueiredo","doi":"10.1177/08903344251344906","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251344906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding, widely recognized for its significant health benefits, presents multifaceted challenges that contribute to low breastfeeding rates in many countries worldwide. In postmodern society, women's decisions regarding breastfeeding are influenced by numerous factors, including socioeconomic status, work-related demands, social norms, digital media, and individual subjectivities.</p><p><strong>Research aim: </strong>This study aims to identify and analyze the subjective factors that shape women's perceptions of breastfeeding in low-income settings, including the impact of breastfeeding discourse.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research employed a qualitative approach, utilizing Cartography for data collection and Laurence Bardin's Content Analysis for interpretation. Nineteen postpartum women from a public hospital participated in the study, sharing their emotions, perceptions, and objective factors influencing their breastfeeding decisions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A complex interplay of positive and negative sentiments was observed. Bonding, defined as a feeling of connection to the baby, emerged as the most prominent positive emotion. On the other hand, fear and insecurity-primarily related to concerns about pain and insufficient milk supply-were identified as the dominant negative emotions. Additionally, participants expressed embarrassment about breastfeeding in public and emphasized the crucial role of information and support provided by healthcare professionals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding the subjective factors influencing breastfeeding choices among underprivileged women is essential for providing effective information and support. Reframing the breastfeeding discourse to reinforce women's confidence in their abilities, and emphasizing the societal responsibility for support, can help ensure a positive experience for all women and contribute to higher breastfeeding rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"434-444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Interpretations of Patients and Employees in an Organization Certified Through the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative: A Focused Ethnographic Study.","authors":"Keri Durocher, Kimberley T Jackson, Richard Booth, Panagiota Tryphonopoulos","doi":"10.1177/08903344251337375","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08903344251337375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>When organizations are certified through the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, health care providers implement various policies that are intended to support long-term and exclusive breastfeeding. Despite the availability of evidence to support these policies, research findings are inconsistent in whether these goals are met. Exploring cultural interpretations through the lens of individuals within these organizations may reveal new evidence of breastfeeding experiences and needed support.</p><p><strong>Research aim: </strong>To explore organizational cultural aspects of a Baby-Friendly certified organization from the perspective of patients and employees.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Researchers implemented a focused ethnography design in one certified organization in Ontario, Canada. One-to-one, semi-structured interviews were performed with two participant groups, including 10 patients and eight employees within intrapartum and postpartum care areas between 2023-2024. An inductive data analysis approach followed Roper and Shapira's framework, including (1) coding for descriptive labels, (2) sorting for patterns, (3) identification of outliers, (4) generalizing with constructs and theories, and (5) memoing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five core themes emerged from the data, including (1) knowledge is power, (2) community of support, (3) contextual considerations, (4) environment for breastfeeding, and (5) patient factors. Through narrative descriptions, these interrelated themes exhibit how patients and employees have experienced or provided care that is consistent with breastfeeding-supportive policies as well as additional gaps that may not be addressed through policy research.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results provide implications for breastfeeding support within an organization certified through the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. Understanding cultural interpretations of breastfeeding can provide information for future education and interprofessional development.</p>","PeriodicalId":15948,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Lactation","volume":" ","pages":"423-433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}