Journal of Horticulture最新文献_第3页

Emerging Plant Viruses in Urban Green: Detection of the Virome in Birch ( Betula sp.) 城市绿地植物新发病毒:桦树(Betula sp.)病毒组的检测

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000233

Elisha Bright Opoku, M. Landgraf, K. Pack, M. Bandte, S. von Bargen, M. Schreiner, Barbara Jackel, Carmen Buttner

{"title":"Emerging Plant Viruses in Urban Green: Detection of the Virome in Birch ( Betula sp.)","authors":"Elisha Bright Opoku, M. Landgraf, K. Pack, M. Bandte, S. von Bargen, M. Schreiner, Barbara Jackel, Carmen Buttner","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000233","url":null,"abstract":"Data from next generation sequencing indicate the complexity of the birch virome in the urban landscape of Berlin. It is well known that plant viruses are widespread and contribute to the decline of birch trees. A mixed infection by Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV), Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) and two newly discovered viruses from the genus Badna- and Carlavirus were investigated in southern Berlin (Steglitz-Zehlendorf) in 2015 and 2016. To gain a more detailed view on epidemiology of this viral complex in birch, the study was enlarged in 2017 including eight districts all over Berlin. Birch trees with symptoms like defoliation and degeneration were selected for determination of viral pathogens by molecular biological methods. Within the complex occurring symptoms in birch trees, new types of symptoms have been identified. Different combinations of plant viruses in single and mixed infection were detected by Reverse Transcription- Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR.) CLRV and Badnavirus combinations have shown to be distinct and widely distributed. Heterogeneity is also known from the symptomatology of virus containing birch leaves. As the correlation of symptoms and viral infection is not shown yet for the mixed infections, it is unknown if the complexity of the virome is the cause of the variability of symptoms. Epidemiology and pathogenicity of the newly discovered viruses as well as species specificity, life cycle, mode of transmission, host plant range and phylogeny are totally unknown and have to be investigated within the next years.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"55 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90909677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

‘How Does Your Garden Grow?’ Horticulture in Western Australia “你的花园是怎样生长的?”西澳大利亚的园艺

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-05-02 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000232

V. Forbes

引用次数: 0

The Role of Shade and Nitrogen on Physiological Traits and Secondary Metabolites of Piper betle L 遮荫和氮素对花椒生理性状及次生代谢产物的影响

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-04-16 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000230

Qusay Abdulhamza Muttaleb, T. Abdullah, S. Hassan, Rashid Aa, S. Taheri, Ahmed Oa, A. Da

{"title":"The Role of Shade and Nitrogen on Physiological Traits and Secondary Metabolites of Piper betle L","authors":"Qusay Abdulhamza Muttaleb, T. Abdullah, S. Hassan, Rashid Aa, S. Taheri, Ahmed Oa, A. Da","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000230","url":null,"abstract":"Piper betle, better known as purple betel has received a universal attention due to its increasing medicinal value. There is enormous potential to discover various new medicinal compounds in this species and an instantaneous need for the techniques to facilitate the production of high quality. In that connection, shade and nitrogen could play a significant role in the development of a phytochemical production. Therefore, the current study utilized the different levels of shade and rates of nitrogen. After harvesting of three months Piper betle seedlings, different physio-chemical traits were observed including photosynthetic rate, stomata conductor, transpiration rates, chlorophyll content (a, b, ab) and secondary metabolites ( total phenolics contents (TPC) concentration, total flavonoids contents (TFC) concentration and antioxidant activate (DPPH and FRAP). The chlorophyll content was more under 30% and 50% shades with 100 kg/ ha of N, whereas full sunlight with 0 kg/ha of N was unsuitable for the Piper betle crop as the high light intensity caused scorching on leaves and stunted in growth, accumulation secondary metabolites and Antioxidant activates. The results of the present study revealed the establishment of shade techniques which influenced the production parameters of the piper species. These findings are an overview of the recent advances and could be further helpful in in vivo studies of Piper betel in regard to their physiological parameters.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89519599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Crossing the finish line: how to develop diagnostic DNA tests as breeding tools after QTL discovery 越过终点线:在QTL发现后如何发展诊断性DNA测试作为育种工具

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-03-27 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000228

S. Vanderzande, J. Piaskowski, Feixiong Luo, D. Edge-Garza, Jack Klipfel, Alexander Schaller, Samuel J. Martin, C. Peace

{"title":"Crossing the finish line: how to develop diagnostic DNA tests as breeding tools after QTL discovery","authors":"S. Vanderzande, J. Piaskowski, Feixiong Luo, D. Edge-Garza, Jack Klipfel, Alexander Schaller, Samuel J. Martin, C. Peace","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000228","url":null,"abstract":"DNA-informed breeding, the integration of DNA-based genetic information into plant breeding programs, can enhance efficiency, accuracy, creativity, and pace of new cultivar development. Most genetic knowledge on key traits for plant breeding has been obtained through QTL analyses. Despite an explosion in QTL discoveries for horticulture crops, very few of those discoveries have been translated into tools for horticultural crop breeding. An example of such tools with direct application in crop genetic improvement are trait-predictive DNA tests. The translation of a promising QTL to a trait-predictive “DNA test” has five steps: (1) choose target QTL; (2) design assay to target locus; (3) assay individuals; (4) trace inheritance; and (5) disseminate DNA test details. Key information to convey to end users about a DNA test are the crop and trait(s) addressed, targeted trait locus or loci, and marker type used; trait heritability and genotypic variance explained by the DNA test; allele effects, frequencies, and germplasm distributions; and technical details for running the test. This paper provides instructions for translating promising QTLs into breeder-friendly, trait-predictive DNA tests, based on our experience with tree fruit. Our intent is to accelerate development of trait-predictive DNA tests and establish a standard framework for reporting them. As scientific understanding of genetic factors controlling breeding-relevant traits continues to expand, systematic and increased DNA test development should help bridge the chasm between academic research and breeding application.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"184 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79749989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Floral Morphology Differs Among New Northern Highbush Blueberry Cultivars 北方高丛蓝莓新品种的花形态差异

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-02-26 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000223

M. Arrington, L. DeVetter

{"title":"Floral Morphology Differs Among New Northern Highbush Blueberry Cultivars","authors":"M. Arrington, L. DeVetter","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000223","url":null,"abstract":"Variation in floral morphology and timing of bloom are common among cultivars of northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). These differences can affect the ability of commercial pollinators to effectively pollinate and fertilize ovules, which can impact fruit set, berry size, and ultimate yields. New northern highbush blueberry cultivars may exhibit differences in flower morphology, which could impact pollination and fruit set. Evaluation of new cultivars compared to standard industry cultivars is of specific importance in predicting potential pollination constraints by honey bee (Apis mellifera), one of the primary pollinators in North America, and in developing optimal hive stocking densities. Three new cultivars (‘Blue Ribbon’, ‘Top Shelf’, and ‘Cargo’) were compared to an industry standard (‘Duke’) for floral morphology and relative bloom phenology. All new cultivars had significantly smaller flowers as compared to ‘Duke’; however, ‘Top Shelf’ flowers exhibited a unique characteristic whereby many flowers (81%) had partially fused petals. Reduced flower size of new cultivars suggests floral morphology may be a constraint to effective pollination by honey bees and/or these cultivars will require higher honey bee stocking densities for effective pollination. However, the partially unfused petals in ‘Top Shelf’ may provide improved exposure to the stamen and pistil, which could increase accessibility to pollinators like honey bee and promote pollination and fruit set.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81940751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effects of Plant Growth Retardants and Pot Sizes on the Height of Potting Ornamental Plants: A Short Review 植物生长迟缓剂和盆栽大小对盆栽观赏植物株高的影响

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-02-03 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000220

Megersa Hg, L. Dt, Banjawu Dt

{"title":"Effects of Plant Growth Retardants and Pot Sizes on the Height of Potting Ornamental Plants: A Short Review","authors":"Megersa Hg, L. Dt, Banjawu Dt","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000220","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its aesthetic values and economic benefits, the Production of potting ornamental plants for home use and marketing purposes are rising from time to time and moving a billion of dollars of worth around the globe. Thus, the production of these potting ornamental plants needs careful management practices starting from its early stage of development to throughout of its lifetime in order to give a beautification and marketable value. Among the crucially important practices of the potting ornamental plant, production is controlling of the plant to the desired height. This practice can be done either by planting the ornamental plants in to the appropriate pot sizes, which have the ability to limit the plant root development and consequently reduces the nutrient uptake by limiting the root system of the plant and/or by using of plant growth retardant chemicals, which have the ability to control the height of plants by suppressing plant growth regulator activities to the desired plant height. Different research outputs have confirmed that the larger pot size allowed the plant to grow taller whereas the smaller pot size restricted the height of the plants. Also, applying a high concentration of plant growth retardant chemicals reduced the internodal stem elongation of ornamental plants by inhibiting the action of growth hormone activities, which has the ability to enhance the plant, stem elongations by exhibiting the cell divisions and consequently increases the plant height. Considering all these points, this review aimed to discuss the effects of pot sizes and plant growth retardant chemicals on the potting ornamental plants for commercial use.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82414008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Effect of Drip Irrigation and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Application Rates on Tomato Biomass Accumulation, Nutrient Content, Yield, and Soil Nutrient Status 滴灌和氮、磷、钾用量对番茄生物量积累、养分含量、产量和土壤养分状况的影响

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000227

Brewer Mt, Morgan Kt, L. Zotarelli, Stanley Cd, D. Kadyampaken

{"title":"Effect of Drip Irrigation and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Application Rates on Tomato Biomass Accumulation, Nutrient Content, Yield, and Soil Nutrient Status","authors":"Brewer Mt, Morgan Kt, L. Zotarelli, Stanley Cd, D. Kadyampaken","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000227","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of Florida’s tomatoes are grown on sandy soils, having low water and nutrient holding capacities. Tomato growers have to supply large quantities of fertilizer in order to supply all the nutrients required for satisfactory growth. Drip irrigation provides many advantages including a reduction of water use and efficient fertilizer management compared with other irrigation systems. Studies of fertigated tomato grown on plastic mulch covered beds in fall 2013, spring 2014 and fall 2014 were conducted to quantify the effect of different fertigation rates on tomato biomass accumulation and fruit yields; and the measurement of N, P and K concentrations and distribution pattern in the soil at different sampling positions and depths during the whole season in Florida on sandy soils. The experimental results indicated, the application of more fertilizer application than the recommended dose does not increase the tomato fruit yield significantly while it had led to luxurious consumption of nutrients and excessive biomass accumulation by tomato plants Drip fertigation kept the nutrients at optimum concentration in the crop root zone within the top 0-30 cm soil depth. Additional research is needed to quantify nutrient leaching below the crop root zone.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74643991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Early Growth, Yield and Quality of Sugarcane as Affected by Number of Buds per Sett at Wonji/Shoa Sugar Estate 单株芽数对原济/Shoa糖业甘蔗早期生长、产量和品质的影响

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000249

Melaku Tesfa, Netsanet Ayele

{"title":"Early Growth, Yield and Quality of Sugarcane as Affected by Number of Buds per Sett at Wonji/Shoa Sugar Estate","authors":"Melaku Tesfa, Netsanet Ayele","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000249","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to the high cost associated with planting, planting materials deserves attention in a sugar industry thriving to be competitive in the world market and also to enhance profitability. Accordingly, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications to determine the effect of number of buds per sett (one bud, two buds (control), three buds, four buds, randomly chopped setts (containing variable buds per sett) and whole stalks) on the early growth, yield and quality of two sugarcane varieties (NCo334 and B52/298) at Wonji/Shoa Sugar Estates on the plant and first ratoon crops. The analysis of variance indicated that sprouting was significantly (p<0.05) affected by the main effects of variety and type of planting material. Number of tillers and millable canes were affected by the main effect of variety and the interaction of variety with the type of planting materials in the plantcane, however, none of the main effects and their interaction had significant effect in the first ratoon crop. Cane yield was not affected by the main effects or their interaction in both the plant and first ratoon crops. Similarly, sucrose percent cane and estimated sugar yield in the plant crop were not affected by the main effects and their interaction, however, in the first ratoon crop the main effect of the variety were found to be significant. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference among the type of planting materials utilized in this study","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85018981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Lasting Impacts in a Rural Community through Horticultural Activities 园艺活动对农村社区的持久影响

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000231

Michael G. North, S. Patterson

引用次数: 0

Increasing Vegetable Production on Transformed Sand to Retain Twice the Soil Water Holding Capacity in Plant Root Zone 利用改造砂提高蔬菜产量，使植物根区土壤持水量保持两倍

Journal of Horticulture Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000246

A. Smucker, B. Levene, M. Ngouajio

{"title":"Increasing Vegetable Production on Transformed Sand to Retain Twice the Soil Water Holding Capacity in Plant Root Zone","authors":"A. Smucker, B. Levene, M. Ngouajio","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000246","url":null,"abstract":"A new soil water retaining technology, designed to increase vegetable production and improve water use efficiency (WUE), was field tested on sand soil. Green bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) were planted on previously installed U-shaped troughs of impermeable membranes designed to double soil water content in plant root zones. These soil water retention technology (SWRT) membranes significantly increased volumetric water content (VWC) in plant root zones promoting both crop production and improved water use efficiency (WUE). Greater vegetable production was attained when SWRT membranes significantly increased the low 9% to 10% water holding capacity by control sands. Membrane improved VWC to 15% and 18% increased yields of green bell pepper by 20% and cucumber by 24%. These newly optimized root zone water contents also increased WUE 19% and 41% for cucumber and bell pepper crops grown on SWRT transformed sands. SWRT membrane installations also provide an early return on investment (ROI) for the sand soils that auto control optimal soil water contents in plant root zones. This new technology offers new opportunities for establishing greater profits for the long-term vegetable production on sand soils. Anticipated positive impacts by SWRT on natural resource management and crop production offers new opportunities for enhanced profitability while protecting the environment in rural America These SWRT improvements for vegetable production including greater yields, higher WUE, and very brief ROI should encourage adoption of this technology across irrigated vegetable production located on highly permeable sand and loamy sand soils.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78713287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3