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Setting up the Legislative Framework for the Introduction of a Regulatory Sandbox: the Czech Perspective 为引入监管沙盒建立立法框架：捷克的视角
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.21
Vladimír Sharp, Gabriela Blahoudková
{"title":"Setting up the Legislative Framework for the Introduction of a Regulatory Sandbox: the Czech Perspective","authors":"Vladimír Sharp, Gabriela Blahoudková","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.21","url":null,"abstract":"This paper delves into the intricate intersection of the phenomenon of regulatory sandboxes and public law and focuses on the issue of legislative empowerment for the establishment of a regulatory sandbox. Based on the example of the Czech Republic, which lacks a fully operational regulatory sandbox, the study investigates the legislative prerequisites for initiating such a framework. Using the qualitative doctrinal research, the authors examine diverse conceptual frameworks, aiming to identify the optimal legislative approach for implementing and sustaining a regulatory sandbox. Notably, the study scrutinizes the viability of constructing a regulatory sandbox under general administrative empowerment clauses within the Czech legal context, considering the principles of legality and intra vires doctrine inherent in continental administrative law. The research contributes insights to the ongoing discourse on regulatory sandboxes, providing a nuanced understanding of the legislative prerequisites for their operation, with a focus on the specific challenges and opportunities within the Czech regulatory landscape.","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":"120 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141105678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Open Data and Composite Procedures: Strengthen the Quality and the Effectiveness of Administrative Activity 开放数据和复合程序：提高行政活动的质量和效率
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.22
Alessia Monica
{"title":"Open Data and Composite Procedures: Strengthen the Quality and the Effectiveness of Administrative Activity","authors":"Alessia Monica","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.22","url":null,"abstract":"Open data allows new experiments in administration, both in terms of activities and organisation. In terms of composite procedures, open data can serve many public interests in new ways, leading to faster and more accurate decision-making (already at the preparatory level), while it remains difficult to ensure effective judicial protection for individuals in shared administration between the EU and the Member States. In this context, procedural guarantees at the decision-making stage should not be neglected, even more if we consider the EU public administration as a platform, offering data as services, exchanging information and data, cooperating, and competing with public and private actors. Relying on the power of data, however, requires resilient rules, based on EU principles as to assure the rule of law, and able to cope with the challenges of the digital transition, as to ensure the “effectiveness” of administrative activities implementing EU law in each Member State.","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Climate Litigation in Europe: a Discussion about Emerging Trends in the Context of Principle of Non-regression 欧洲的气候诉讼：不倒退原则背景下的新趋势讨论
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.8
Elif Naz Němec, Milan Damohorský
{"title":"Climate Litigation in Europe: a Discussion about Emerging Trends in the Context of Principle of Non-regression","authors":"Elif Naz Němec, Milan Damohorský","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.8","url":null,"abstract":"The climate crisis is one of the most serious problems that humankind has ever faced. With the adverse consequences of this phenomenon, new practices have emerged in social, economic, and legal structures. One of these new practices is doubtlessly climate litigation that aim to pressure states to fulfil their positive obligations concerning the mitigation of the human-induced climate crisis. Global warming, advancing at an unprecedented rate, is pushing governments to take immediate measures and shape their legislation accordingly. Within this movement, the principle of non-regression, rooted in human rights, has gained a tangible form in environmental law. This study explores the potential role of the climate crisis and, specifically, the climate litigation cases in Europe in establishing the principle of non-regression as a settled principle in environmental law. It discusses its value as an argument in climate litigation from a practical point of view.","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":"1 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Právní regulace související s výrobky v kontextu cílů Evropské unie v oblasti ochrany klimatu 欧盟气候保护目标背景下的产品相关法规
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.5
Tereza Fabšíková
{"title":"Právní regulace související s výrobky v kontextu cílů Evropské unie v oblasti ochrany klimatu","authors":"Tereza Fabšíková","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how objectives of the European Union in the field of climate change affect the legal regulation of products and what impacts they also have on some connected issues. The current ecodesign legal regulation is based on the Ecodesign Directive and the particular requirements on products are then set in regulations following the Ecodesign Directive. The paper primarily focuses on the changes in ecodesign product regulation brought by the new Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation proposal. The issue of the proposed legal regulation connected with environmental claims is also addressed in the text as it is an important complement to the sustainable products legal regulation.","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Právna regulácia krajinotvorby na Slovensku ako prostriedok ochrany klímy 斯洛伐克将景观美化作为气候保护手段的法律规定
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.6
Ľudovít Máčaj
{"title":"Právna regulácia krajinotvorby na Slovensku ako prostriedok ochrany klímy","authors":"Ľudovít Máčaj","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the implementation of landscaping as a purposeful activity of humans with the aim of creating and cultivating the environment around them. Landscaping is not only made up of activities with an impact on the immediate surroundings of a human, but also has a deeper social meaning – it affects the environment as a whole. However, it also has a significant impact on climate protection. Actions taken with the intention of protecting and improving the landscape that immediately borders the built-up area of municipalities in which humans reside can have a wider impact indirectly, but even directly, influence the climate. Although landscaping represents a separate and distinct professional activity, in the case of the Slovak Republic it is not a separate decision-making process in the field of public administration. However, its elements are present in other decision-making processes, such as land development or spatial planning. The ever-increasing voices after its codification point to the importance of this activity and the need to give it a clear legal framework, with the definition of the public interest and the goals that should be achieved during this activity. We believe that climate protection could and clearly should be among these objectives, as the measures taken in landscape design can have a direct effect on it. The article therefore focuses on the issue of landscaping and its legal definition, and also deals with whether landscaping represents an important means of climate protection. Furthermore, the article points out the individual possibilities of landscape design measures within the decision-making processes of public administration in the Slovak Republic. In the end, he brings some considerations de lege ferenda.","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The First Year of Business Law Conference Pražské dny obchodního práva on Legal Regulation of the Commercial Corporations as a Political Instrument 商法第一年会议 Pražské dny obchodního práva 关于将商业公司的法律监管作为一种政治手段的会议
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.17
Petra Kotápišová, Aneta Boukalová, Radka Václavíková
{"title":"The First Year of Business Law Conference Pražské dny obchodního práva on Legal Regulation of the Commercial Corporations as a Political Instrument","authors":"Petra Kotápišová, Aneta Boukalová, Radka Václavíková","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.17","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>Report</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":" 839","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Přeshraniční znečištění v případu úniku kyanidu z těžebního provozu v Baia Mare: aspekty unijního a českého práva (vol. II) Baia Mare氰化物泄漏案中的跨界污染：欧盟和捷克法律的各个方面（第二卷）
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.7
Denisa Hlušičková, Ondřej Vícha
{"title":"Přeshraniční znečištění v případu úniku kyanidu z těžebního provozu v Baia Mare: aspekty unijního a českého práva (vol. II)","authors":"Denisa Hlušičková, Ondřej Vícha","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.7","url":null,"abstract":"The following paper is the second part of an article dealing with the mining accident that took place in 2000 in the Romanian town of Baia Mare, which has been described as one of the worst environmental disasters since the Chernobyl accident. The first part focused on the circumstances of the accident, its consequences, and an analysis of the international legal framework in force at the time of the incident. The authors also describe the changes in international law adopted in response to the accident in Baia Mare and analyse the relevant case-law of the ECtHR related to the Baia Mare accident, Tǎtar v. Romania case. In the second part of the article, the authors discuss the response to the accident at the level of the European Union and the key changes in EU legislation adopted as a result of the accident. The article also points to changes made in national law in the Czech Republic, which directly or indirectly responded to the accident in Baia Mare. In conclusion, the authors relate this mine accident to the accident on the Bečva River that occurred in 2020.","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":" 73","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dilema ochrany klimatu z pohledu práva: obnovitelné zdroje versus ochrana biodiverzity 气候法的两难选择：可再生能源与生物多样性保护
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.3
Vojtěch Stejskal
{"title":"Dilema ochrany klimatu z pohledu práva: obnovitelné zdroje versus ochrana biodiverzity","authors":"Vojtěch Stejskal","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.3","url":null,"abstract":"The use of renewable energy is one of the priorities of common EU policies to achieve carbon neutrality and mitigate the effects of climate change. On the other hand, the protection of biodiversity, which also contributes to climate protection and is even a much older priority, is also one of the EU’s long-term priorities. In this article, the author analyses the current European and Czech climate legislation. He concludes that the analysis of the legislation shows that renewable energy production and biodiversity protection must be considered together in terms of planning, decision-making and enforcement. Climate protection can only be achieved if, in the future, the replacement of fossil energy sources is not unilaterally promoted in energy reform at the expense of biodiversity and the functioning of natural ecosystems. The question is, however, whether the Czech Republic is serious about measures towards carbon neutrality and energy security when it is still buying oil, natural gas and other strategic minerals from Russia two years after the Russian invasion of Ukraine began.","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":" 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smíšené právní instituty ve veřejné správě – k některým otázkám právního dualismu 公共行政中的混合法律机构--关于法律二元论的一些问题
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.12
Tomáš Svoboda
{"title":"Smíšené právní instituty ve veřejné správě – k některým otázkám právního dualismu","authors":"Tomáš Svoboda","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.12","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally accepted that law consists of two main domains – private and public. At the same time, there is clear scepticism about the sharp separability of these domains. The problém of distinguishing private and public law is undoubtedly also a problem of public administration and its implementation as it is possible that the public purpose will also be fulfilled by private law norms. In addition, there may be legal institutes that combine more or less the norms of public and private law, for which the designation of hybrid legal institutes seems appropriate. However, such institutes may present some difficulties associated with legal dualism. The aim of this two-part paper (within its limited scope) is to provide a basic introduction to the issue of socalled hybrid legal institutes. In the first part of the paper, besides some general background, the text presents a triad of such institutes that are applied in the context of public administration and for which some debate over their legal nature could be observed in the domestic literature. In the second part (which will be published in a future issue of the journal), the text attempts to answer the research question of how to deal with these institutes, or rather considers some basic criteria for distinguishing private and public law in the context of public administration regulation.","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":"115 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Změna klimatu a limity odpovědnosti států 气候变化与国家责任的限度
AUC IURIDICA Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.14712/23366478.2024.2
Piero Orlandin
{"title":"Změna klimatu a limity odpovědnosti států","authors":"Piero Orlandin","doi":"10.14712/23366478.2024.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2024.2","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is now considered one of the greatest global challenges facing the world community. Climate change, or rather global warming, which is its main accelerator, is responsible for many of the negative impacts that people in different parts of the world are facing today. The world community is responding to climate change and setting clear targets to be achieved so that global warming begins to slow down and then returns to its natural equilibrium. However, this goal will not be achieved immediately, and certain parts of the world are already experiencing significant negative impacts that are affecting their human rights and fundamental freedoms. The question of responsibility, i.e., who is responsible for causing these negative impacts and who is responsible for addressing them, is still not closed. The so-called climate litigation, which has been spreading around the world since the middle of the last decade, could help to clarify it. Recently, human rights arguments have been emphasised in this litigation, and there is great potential that in the near future judicial and other decisions will eventually force states to act more effectively, especially on their international obligations and the potential liability consequences of non-compliance.","PeriodicalId":158742,"journal":{"name":"AUC IURIDICA","volume":"9 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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