Criminology and public policy最新文献_第2页

Assessing the Effectiveness of High-Profile Targeted Killings in the “War on Terror” 评估“反恐战争”中高调定点清除的有效性

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9133.12274

J. Carson

引用次数: 23

Does Change in Risk Matter?: Examining Whether Changes in Offender Risk Characteristics Influence Recidivism Outcomes 风险的改变重要吗?研究罪犯风险特征的改变是否会影响再犯结果

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2621267

Thomas H. Cohen, Christopher T. Lowenkamp, Scott W. VanBenschoten

引用次数: 40

Raising the Age: Issues in Emerging Adulthood and Adult Court Referral of Youthful Offenders 提高年龄:初成期问题与青少年罪犯的成人法庭转介

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2012-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1745-9133.2012.00851.X

C. Gibson, M. Krohn

引用次数: 11

Deconstructing the risk principle 解构风险原则

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1745-9133.2011.00777.X

G. Gaes, William D. Bales

{"title":"Deconstructing the risk principle","authors":"G. Gaes, William D. Bales","doi":"10.1111/J.1745-9133.2011.00777.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1745-9133.2011.00777.X","url":null,"abstract":"T he article by Zweig, Yahner, and Redcross (2011, this issue) is one of the strongest tests to date of the risk principle. Offenders were randomly assigned to a transitional jobs program. The risk of reoffending levels—high, medium, and low—were based on exogenous factors that were in place prior to the intervention. The results showed that the transitional job program reduced recidivism relative to control group participants for the high-risk offenders but not for the lowor medium-risk offenders. One of the few ways that Zweig et al. could have improved on their design would have been to use preexisting risk levels as a blocking variable and to assign offenders randomly to the intervention and control groups within each of these risk levels. In this policy essay, we accept the premise of the risk principle, but we pose certain questions that should be addressed by criminologists to further our understanding of the mechanisms at work, and to enhance its utility as a public policy tool. We start by deconstructing elements of the risk principle, acknowledging the original statement by Andrews, Bonta, and Hoge (1990). We also give credit to expositions by Lowenkamp and Latessa (2004) andLowenkamp, Latessa, andHolsinger (2006) in expressing the relationship among risk, supervision, and program intensity.","PeriodicalId":158704,"journal":{"name":"Criminology and public policy","volume":"299 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118874713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Racial disparity under the federal sentencing guidelines pre‐ and post‐Booker 布克案前后联邦量刑准则下的种族差异

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1745-9133.2011.00778.X

R. Paternoster

{"title":"Racial disparity under the federal sentencing guidelines pre‐ and post‐Booker","authors":"R. Paternoster","doi":"10.1111/J.1745-9133.2011.00778.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1745-9133.2011.00778.X","url":null,"abstract":"T he article by Ulmer, Light, and Kramer (2011, this issue) and the corresponding policy essays by Albonetti (2011, this issue), Engen (2011, this issue), Scott (2011, this issue), and Spohn (2011, this issue) in this section of Criminology & Public Policy examine the effect of several U.S. Supreme Court decisions on sentencing disparity under the federal sentencing guidelines. In 1984, Congress enacted the Sentencing Reform Act, which created the United States Sentencing Commission (USSC). One motivation for the Act was the belief that too much discretion was provided to judges in the federal system and that as a result there was great disparity in sentencing White and minority defendants.1 The USSC was given the task of developing and implementing sentencing guidelines for federal judges as a means of controlling judicial discretion, with the goal of achieving greater “uniformity” in sentencing. Prior to the guidelines, federal judges had virtually unlimited discretion to impose sentences so long as they met broad statutory requirements. Under the guidelines, however, the judge had to calculate a defendant’s criminal history and offense level score under strict rules, the result of which was the placement of the defendant on a sentencing grid. The sentence found in the grid was the presumptive sentence, and although departures could be made, the reason for the departure had to be given either in open court or in a written judicial opinion. Furthermore, to monitor and ensure compliance with the guidelines, the Reform Act also provided for appellate review of any departures from the","PeriodicalId":158704,"journal":{"name":"Criminology and public policy","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119273716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Community-based partnerships and crime prevention 以社区为基础的伙伴关系和预防犯罪

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1745-9133.2011.00782.X

W. Skogan

引用次数: 8

Whither streetwork? The place of outreach workers in community violence prevention streetwork向何处去?外展工作者在预防社区暴力中的地位

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1745-9133.2011.00770.X

D. Kennedy

引用次数: 11

Fixing the Broken System of Financial Sanctions 修复失灵的金融制裁体系

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1745-9133.2011.00728.X

Traci Burch

引用次数: 7

Patterns of precursor behaviors in the life span of a U.S. environmental terrorist group 美国环境恐怖组织生命周期的前兆行为模式

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2009-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1745-9133.2009.00571.X

B. Smith, Kelly R. Damphousse

{"title":"Patterns of precursor behaviors in the life span of a U.S. environmental terrorist group","authors":"B. Smith, Kelly R. Damphousse","doi":"10.1111/J.1745-9133.2009.00571.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1745-9133.2009.00571.X","url":null,"abstract":"Research Summary \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article discusses the paucity of data available for assessing the “life span” of a terrorist group. It introduces a new methodology that allows researchers to examine when terrorist groups perform their preincident activities. The findings suggest that differences exist in the temporal patterns of terrorist groups: environmental terrorist groups engage in a relatively short planning cycle compared with right-wing and international terrorists. The article concludes by examining a case study on “the Family,” which is a unique environmental terrorist group that conducted activities over a relatively long period of time. This group provides an interesting contrast to other environmental terrorists. Despite significant organizational differences, their patterns of preparatory conduct were highly similar. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Policy Implications \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000The findings suggest that (1) temporal and spatial data about preincident terrorist activity can be collected from unclassified and open sources and (2) law-enforcement agencies that are investigating environmental groups have relatively little time to observe and infiltrate their individual cells (compared with right-wing and international terrorists). Finally, the data suggest that environmental terrorists—at least so far—have engaged in attacks that are less deadly than the comparison groups.","PeriodicalId":158704,"journal":{"name":"Criminology and public policy","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117785207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

THE EFFECT OF “NO‐DROP” PROSECUTION POLICIES ON PERPETRATORS OF INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE “不放弃”起诉政策对亲密伴侣暴力施暴者的影响

Criminology and public policy Pub Date : 2008-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1745-9133.2008.00531.X

C. Kruttschnitt

引用次数: 2