Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System最新文献

{"title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease Associated Colorectal Neoplasia.","authors":"Michelle Vu,&nbsp;Jyh-Yau Chang,&nbsp;Jeremy Chen,&nbsp;David Q Shih","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.S8-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.S8-002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's colitis have a greater risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Many studies have described the evolving epidemiology and risk factors for CRC in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent evidence indicates that the incidence has been decreasing with the advancement of medical and surgical therapies, and surveillance has emerged as the foundation of prevention. Chemoprophylaxis is another area of research; however, given the limited efficacy of these agents, they are only being used in conjunction with endoscopic surveillance. Our ability to formulate effective strategies for the prevention of this dreaded complication expands as more is discovered of the molecular events underlying IBD carcinogenesis. Management strategies are constantly updated as new evidence and endoscopic techniques emerge. In this paper, we review the literature regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors and chemoprophylaxis as well as the latest consensus guidelines for management of dysplasia and neoplasia in IBD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System","volume":"Suppl 8 ","pages":"002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3970563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32232658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Markers of Inflammation and Lineage on Exfoliated Colonic Cells In Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","authors":"Padmanabhan P Nair,&nbsp;Alka Kamra,&nbsp;George Kessie,&nbsp;Shilpa Kalavapudi,&nbsp;June-Home Chen,&nbsp;Robert Shores,&nbsp;Lisa Madairos,&nbsp;Alessio Fasano,&nbsp;Prasanna Nair","doi":"10.4172/2161-069X.S8-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-069X.S8-001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The diagnosis (endoscopy, and biopsy) and continued clinical management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), remain highly invasive, expensive, and inconvenient for the pediatric patient. The objective of this study was to see if colonocytes obtained from stools of subjects with IBD and normal controls would demonstrate higher levels of inflammatory markers (Cox 2 in CD45+ and CD45- cells) and if the inflammatory process and treatment effects would be reflected in an altered cytokine expression in the subjects compared to controls.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Outpatient hospital based pediatric gastroenterology clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods and main outcome measures: </strong>Stool samples (~ 1 gm), were obtained from 18 children between the ages of 4 and 18 diagnosed with IBD, and from a normal first degree relative. Colonocytes were isolated using the Somatic Cell Sampling Recovery (SCSR) system and assessed for the expression of COX-2, CD-45, IgA, IgG, IL6, IL18, TGF β, TNF, and IL16β using flow cytometry. In addition, levels of COX-2 and cytokeratin 19 transcripts were measured by microwell plate hybridization assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Expression of COX-2 and co-expression of IgA and IgG were significantly higher in the IBD cases compared to the controls. In ulcerative colitis, the expression of COX-2 and co-expression of COX-2 and CD45 were greater than that in patients with Crohn's disease. In contrast, cells expressing IgA and IgG were higher in Crohn's. Subjects on immunosuppressants and/or anti-inflammatory medications, expressed significantly lower levels of COX-2 and IL-18 compared to those who were not on treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study indicates that the use of disease markers on exfoliated colonic cells can be used for non-invasive assessment of disease status, for follow-up of response to treatment and for forecasting flare-up of disease before its symptomatic manifestations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15869,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3601482/pdf/nihms363179.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31327728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}