1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest最新文献

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A comparison of the performance of reflector and phased-array antennas under error conditions 误差条件下反射面与相控阵天线性能的比较
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1991-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154524
H.S.C. Wang
{"title":"A comparison of the performance of reflector and phased-array antennas under error conditions","authors":"H.S.C. Wang","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154524","url":null,"abstract":"The successful deployment and operation of space-based radars (SBR) for the surveillance of near-earth military targets depends on the sound choice, design, and manufacture of large, space-deployable antennas. The performance in terms of axial gain and sidelobe level of two types of antennas under mechanical error conditions is examined and compared: a symmetric paraboloidal reflector with a large f/D ratio, and a rectangular phased-array antenna of the same directivity. The mechanical errors considered in the analysis for the reflector are its surface errors and, for the phased array, its element position errors. The analysis indicates the relative robustness and tolerance limit required for the two types of antennas. A comparison from the point of view of the highest sidelobe (i.e. the first minor lobe) under error conditions indicates that the reflector is far less favorable than the phased array.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130086757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A small antenna with aerospace application 一种用于航空航天的小型天线
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1991-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154522
C. Grimes, D. M. Grimes
{"title":"A small antenna with aerospace application","authors":"C. Grimes, D. M. Grimes","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154522","url":null,"abstract":"The reactive power and energy of a spherical radiator are investigated. The radiator may be an actual sphere, or it may be a Gaussian surface fit about a radiator of arbitrary shape supporting Kirchhoff equivalent currents and charges. It is shown that the sphere can be resonant, in the sense of no reactive power, at any ratio of diameter to wavelength. An antenna is described based on the analysis. The design consists of linear elements whose interaction is nonlinear. The antenna is narrowband, sweepable broadband, and has a resonant frequency only indirectly dependent upon its size. The construction is one of properly combined electric and magnetic multipolar sources. For given multipolar dimensions, the resonant frequency is dependent upon the relative magnitudes and phases of the driving currents. The radiation pattern is independent of frequency and the physical size of the antennae.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122565946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Using satellite communication for aircraft automatic dependent surveillance 利用卫星通信进行飞机自动依赖监视
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1991-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154527
M. Abdelrazik, J. Hodapp
{"title":"Using satellite communication for aircraft automatic dependent surveillance","authors":"M. Abdelrazik, J. Hodapp","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154527","url":null,"abstract":"The authors provide a technical description and summarize the theory of operation of a prototype aircraft automatic dependent surveillance (ADS) system. The system operates between 1.5 to 1.7 GHz and uses the International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARST) satellite network to periodically transmit the precise location of the aircraft, its altitude, and heading to a ground air traffic controller. This system is also used to transmit and receive data messages between the aircraft and ground locations. The authors also summarize the results of a series of test flights which included the first around-the-world ADS demonstration, and several flights between New Zealand and Antarctica. The test flights used three INMARST satellites located over the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114801606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Application of a document archive system in support of development of a design knowledge capture system 应用文档归档系统支持设计知识获取系统的开发
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1991-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154540
B. H. Lettington
{"title":"Application of a document archive system in support of development of a design knowledge capture system","authors":"B. H. Lettington","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154540","url":null,"abstract":"The author documents a near-term design knowledge capture (DKC) system developed and implemented by McDonnell Douglas Space Systems Company (MDSSC) for Space Station Freedom Work Package 2 (WP-2). DKC is the process of capturing, analyzing, and maintaining design knowledge (the 'what, why, and how' of a design) in a systematic, machine-interpretable form. This near-term DKC system is an archival network designed to make maximum use of current archives and filing systems within the MDSSC Space Station Division (SSD). The philosophy behind the approach is rooted in the discipline of library and information science. The system's design allows easy evolution to later, more sophisticated DKC systems.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132639574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Power system management and distribution for future spacecraft 未来航天器的电力系统管理和分配
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1991-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154532
H. Yousef
{"title":"Power system management and distribution for future spacecraft","authors":"H. Yousef","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154532","url":null,"abstract":"Spacecraft power systems management, distribution, and design methodologies are reviewed, and prospects for achieving the high-efficiency goals required for future spacecraft power systems are presented. In particular, the methodology of solar array sizing and battery sizing is discussed, and the related mathematical equations are introduced. The growth in spacecraft energy requirements, which necessitate a large spacecraft power system to support the increased demands, resulted in on-going increases in weight, size, and cost of spacecraft systems. Therefore the power system management and distribution of such energy becomes an important factor in present spacecraft systems, affecting total spacecraft weight, size, and cost. This factor must be taken into consideration at the early design stages in order to meet the growing requirements for light-weight and low-cost spacecraft. Subject to certain technological advancements, spacecraft power systems can be reduced by 20 to 30% in size, weight, and cost without compromising mission requirements.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115608305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
False lock performance of Shuttle S-band transponder 航天飞机s波段应答器的假锁定性能
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1991-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154528
C. Tsang
{"title":"False lock performance of Shuttle S-band transponder","authors":"C. Tsang","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154528","url":null,"abstract":"The false lock margin in the GSTDN PM (phase modulation) mode of the Shuttle S-band transponder is considered. The block diagram of the acquisition circuit in the transponder is described, and the GSTDN mode is discussed in detail. The equivalent circuit of the acquisition circuit is provided for the analysis. The system parameters related to the acquisition process are presented for reference. An estimate of the acquisition false lock margin for this mode is given.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121096888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mainlobe clutter cancellation by DPCA for space-based radars 天基雷达用DPCA消除主瓣杂波
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1991-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154520
H.S.C. Wang
{"title":"Mainlobe clutter cancellation by DPCA for space-based radars","authors":"H.S.C. Wang","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154520","url":null,"abstract":"The author reviews the principle of displaced phase center antenna (DPCA) techniques for the cancellation of mainlobe clutter by introducing correction signals in the first stage of a multistage delay-line canceler. An equivalent network transfer function H(f, theta ) was used to demonstrate the canceler's shifting null response point for scatterers at various azimuthal positions theta off the radar beam center. The moving target indicator (MTI) clutter improvement factor (IF) is formulated in terms of a specified transfer function. Assuming that the radar antenna is a 25798-element rectangular array with unweighted element excitation on transmit and amplitude-weighted according to a Gaussian function on receive, the IF is calculated by an accurate evaluation of the double integrals numerically. The results for an L-band space-based radar with a platform velocity of 7.053 km/s are summarized in a series of curves showing IF in decibels versus clutter internal Doppler spread for various angles of radar beam scan in azimuth and elevation and for different values of radar pulse repetition frequency (PRF). From these results, it is concluded that, even in the worst scan and environment conditions, a 40-dB or better IF can be maintained for the L-band radar if a sufficiently high PRF, about 2 kHz, is used.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129255719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 52
Advanced techniques for aerospace materials testing 航空航天材料试验先进技术
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154533
W. Gregorwich, D. Elgin
{"title":"Advanced techniques for aerospace materials testing","authors":"W. Gregorwich, D. Elgin","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154533","url":null,"abstract":"Three non-destructive tests are described for the characterization of large thick sheets of substrate materials, such as Shuttle tile. The tests are real-time X-ray imaging, automated millimeter-wave testing, and high-temperature testing using a high-power CO/sub 2/ laser. These methods allow substrate evaluation before use in the manufacture of electronic or electrooptic components. Besides defining the electrical properties, the tests detect perturbations in the substrate smaller than 0.03 in. The electrical performance can be measured at temperatures exceeding 3000 degrees F.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121448799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Technology challenges and trade-offs in application of multiple-beam antennas to NASA's Personal Access Satellite System NASA个人接入卫星系统中多波束天线应用的技术挑战和权衡
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154523
F. Manshadi, V. Jamnejad
{"title":"Technology challenges and trade-offs in application of multiple-beam antennas to NASA's Personal Access Satellite System","authors":"F. Manshadi, V. Jamnejad","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154523","url":null,"abstract":"The authors discuss the trade-offs and technology challenges that exist in developing the multiple-beam satellite antennas for Personal Access Satellite System (PASS), and address the different techniques that can be used to meet some of these challenges. More specifically, they look at different types of multiple-beam antenna systems that can provide full coverage of the contiguous United States such as fixed beam, switched beam, or scanned beam systems. They also discuss some techniques for inter-beam power management for efficient use of satellite power and reliable operation. In this area, two different adaptive schemes are discussed. One is the multiple-port hybrid transponder, where each beam is generated by separate feed array elements of the satellite reflector antenna. The other is a full array beam-forming network, where each beam is generated by all the feed array elements. Other major challenges that need to be addressed for the successful development of PASS are discussed briefly.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133985874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Design and analysis of low-loss linear analog phase modulator for deep space spacecraft X-band transponder (DST) application 用于深空航天器x波段应答器(DST)的低损耗线性模拟相位调制器设计与分析
1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.1991.154531
N. Mysoor, R. Mueller
{"title":"Design and analysis of low-loss linear analog phase modulator for deep space spacecraft X-band transponder (DST) application","authors":"N. Mysoor, R. Mueller","doi":"10.1109/AERO.1991.154531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.1991.154531","url":null,"abstract":"The authors summarize the design concepts, analyses, and development of an X-band transponder low-loss linear phase modulator for deep space spacecraft applications. A single-section breadboard circulator-coupled reflection phase modulator has been analyzed, fabricated, and evaluated. A linear phase deviation of 92 degrees with a linearity tolerance of +or-8% was measured for this modulator from 8257 MHz to 8634 MHz over the temperature range -20 degrees C to +75 degrees C. The measured insertion loss and the static delay variation with temperature were 2+or-0.3 dB and 0.16 ps/ degrees C, respectively. Based on this design, two and three cascaded sections have been modeled and simulations performed to provide an X-band DST phase modulator with +or-2.5 rad (+or-143 degrees ) of peak phase deviation to accommodate downlink signal modulation with composite telemetry data and ranging with a deviation linearity tolerance of +or-8% and insertion loss of less than 10+or-0.5 dB. A two-section phase modulator using constant gamma hyperabrupt varactors and an efficient modulator driver circuit was breadboarded. The measured results satisfy the DST phase modulator requirements, and show excellent agreement with the predicted results.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":158617,"journal":{"name":"1991 IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Digest","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132956691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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