Journal of gastrointestinal oncology最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of arterial FOLFOX chemotherapy plus anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy as a first-line treatment for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis.","authors":"Yue Hu, Xiong-Ying Jiang, Xi Cai, Song Chen, Qi-Feng Chen, Jun-Zhe Yi, Sui-Xing Zhong, Jiong-Liang Wang, Jie Xu, Gen-Jun Tan, Ning Lyu, Ming Zhao","doi":"10.21037/jgo-24-552","DOIUrl":"10.21037/jgo-24-552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the limited efficacy of current first-line therapies, there is an urgent need to develop novel treatment strategies to improve the prognosis of patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (uICC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) regimens (HAIC-FO) plus anti-programmed death-(ligand) 1 immunotherapy [αPD-(L)1] antibody [HAIC+αPD-(L)1] compared to systemic chemotherapy (SYS) plus αPD-(L)1 antibody [SYS+αPD-(L)1] as a first-line treatment for patients with uICC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, treatment-naive uICC patients who were treated with HAIC+αPD-(L)1 or SYS+αPD-(L)1 were included. The clinical characteristics, therapeutic outcomes, and adverse events (AEs) of the patients in the two groups were compared. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize biases between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2019 to January 2023, a total of 182 patients were enrolled; 147 patients were included in the HAIC+αPD-(L)1 group and 35 patients were included in the SYS+αPD-(L)1 group. After PSM, 61 and 26 patients were included in the HAIC+αPD-(L)1 and SYS+αPD-(L)1 groups, respectively. The HAIC+αPD-(L)1 group had longer median overall survival (mOS), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and median intrahepatic PFS (mIPFS) than did the SYS+αPD-(L)1 group (mOS: 14.5 <i>vs</i>. 10.5 months, P=0.02; mPFS: 10.4 <i>vs</i>. 6.4 months, P=0.02; mIPFS: 11.4 <i>vs</i>. 6.5 months, P<0.001). The overall incidence of AEs was comparable between the two groups, but the HAIC+αPD-(L)1 group had a lower incidence of grade 3-4 AEs related to anemia, leukopenia, weight loss, and fatigue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HAIC+αPD-(L)1 had acceptable toxic effects and might improve outcomes compared to SYS+αPD-(L)1 as a first-line treatment for patients with uICC.</p>","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"209-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective intra-arterial mitomycin-C infusions for treatment-refractory colorectal liver metastases.","authors":"Vlasios S Sotirchos, Mikhail T Silk, Juan C Camacho, Emma M Schatoff, Henry S Kunin, Erica S Alexander, Ken Zhao, Louise C Connell, Constantinos T Sofocleous, Nancy E Kemeny","doi":"10.21037/jgo-24-725","DOIUrl":"10.21037/jgo-24-725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mitomycin-C is an older drug which has a synergistic mechanism of action with irinotecan. This study evaluated the outcomes of selective intra-arterial mitomycin-C infusions in combination with bi-weekly systemic irinotecan for treatment of liver-dominant metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) which progressed after hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) pump chemotherapy with floxuridine and at least two lines of systemic chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An IRB-approved retrospective review of patients receiving at least two sessions of selective monthly mitomycin-C infusions in interventional radiology (IR) was performed. Anatomic and metabolic imaging was initially obtained at 4 weeks after the second infusion, and every 2-3 months thereafter. Response was evaluated according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) criteria. Patient, disease and procedural parameters were recorded. Progression-free survival (PFS), liver progression-free survival (LPFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed with Kaplan Meier methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2019 to April 2023, 46 patients underwent a total of 190 selective infusions (range 2-10; median 4). Twenty-three/46 (50%) patients had <i>KRAS</i> mutations and 35/46 (76.1%) had extrahepatic disease at the time of the first infusion. On initial follow-up, liver disease control was observed in 38/46 using RECIST 1.1 (82.6%; partial response 13%, stable disease 69.6%) and 26/31 using EORTC criteria (83.9%; complete response 6.5%, partial response 48.4%, stable disease 29%). Median PFS, LPFS and OS were 4.1 [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.2-4.9], 5.5 (95% CI: 2.5-8.4) and 9.6 (95% CI: 8.2-11.1) months respectively. The infusions were discontinued in 26 (56.5%) patients due to disease progression. Eighteen patients (39.1%) discontinued the infusion protocol due to toxicities/complications, including hepatic/biliary toxicity (26.1%), hepatic arterial thrombosis (15.2%) and/or pulmonary toxicity (8.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this heavily pretreated population, addition of intra-arterial mitomycin-C was associated with initial liver disease control rates exceeding 80%. Toxicities were observed, particularly in patients with prolonged disease control who received ≥4 infusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"92-105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and molecular characteristics of periampullary carcinoma based on pathological subtypes.","authors":"Qianrong Wang, Xiangxu Wang, Zhenghua Shi, Yue Yang, Liping Ai, Hongmei Zhang, Jingyue Yang","doi":"10.21037/jgo-2025-14","DOIUrl":"10.21037/jgo-2025-14","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Periampullary carcinoma (PAC) is a relatively rare but highly aggressive malignancy, posing challenges to the determination of the optimal therapeutic approach. The objective of this study was to clarify the potential of histopathological typing in guiding chemotherapy selection for patients with advanced PAC and to characterize the distinct molecular features, underlying functional changes, and regulatory mechanisms associated with the different subtypes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from patients with advanced PAC admitted to the Oncology Department of Xijing Hospital between January 2015 and May 2022. These patients received first-line chemotherapy with either FOLFOX (folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin) or gemcitabine-based regimens. Certain patients were divided into the pathological typing group and the control group. The pathological typing group received subtype-specific chemotherapy regimens, while the control group received chemotherapy regimens based on the primary tumor site. We compared the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between the two groups. Using publicly available databases (GSE60980), we conducted differential gene screening, enrichment analysis, and immune cell infiltration assessment. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on the differentially expressed genes, resulting in the identification of 60 node genes. Subsequently, a core gene selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression machine learning algorithm was performed to identify the key genes specific to PAC-PB subtype.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The pathological typing group consisted of 46 patients, with 26 classified as the PB subtype and 20 as the IN subtype, while the control group comprised 40 patients. Compared to those in the control group, patients in the pathological typing group demonstrated significant improvements in overall response rate (20.5% &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. 12.9%; P=0.04), median PFS (8.1 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. 5.4 months; P=0.04), and median OS (34 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. 25.9 months; P=0.02). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that pathological typing independently influenced PFS [hazard ratio (HR) =0.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10-0.44; P=0.009] and OS (HR =0.21, 95% CI: 0.17-0.71; P=0.02). Using a publicly available PAC cohort (GSE60980), we selected 154 differentially expressed genes, which were significantly enriched in signaling pathways related to the cell cycle, fibroblasts, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Analysis of immune cell infiltration indicated a significant increase in the abundance of fibroblast cells and a significant decrease in that of B cells and γδ T cells in the PAC-PB subtype. Furthermore, we identified core genes specific to the PAC-PB subtype and used them to construct a PAC-PB diagnostic model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"249-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a pyroptosis-related gene prognostic signature in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Ruipeng Chen, Nuojie Luo, Pansong Li, Mengmeng Song, Liyan Ji, Xuan Gao, Xuefeng Xia, Mario Capasso, Yi Sun","doi":"10.21037/jgo-2024-954","DOIUrl":"10.21037/jgo-2024-954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pyroptosis has been recently identified as a hallmark of cancer biology; however, the potential of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) as prognostic markers has not been fully elucidated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to develop a PRG-associated risk signature for prediction prognosis in patients with HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified 35 PRGs from the published literature, and pyroptosis subtypes were identified through bioinformatics methods. The risk score model was established by applying least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression method in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and validated in International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) datasets. Additionally, immune infiltration, enriched pathways, and genomic alterations were compared between the high- and low-risk score subgroups. Finally, a nomogram containing the pyroptosis risk score and other prognosis-related clinical factors was developed for predicting the overall survival of patients with HCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the expression profile of PRGs, we determined two pyroptosis-related subtypes (cluster A and cluster B) of HCC associated with different immune characteristics and significantly different prognoses. The risk score model showed that upregulation of <i>GPX4, CASP8, NOD2,</i> and <i>GSDME</i> was associated with poor overall survival (OS), while high expression of <i>NLRP6</i> was associated with good prognosis. Compared with group with a lower risk score, the group with a high risk score had worse prognosis (P<0.001) and a high level of immune cell infiltration. Functional analysis indicated that the highly expressed genes in the high-risk group were mainly enriched in various signaling pathways, while the genes with low expression in the high-risk group were mainly enriched in different biochemical metabolic translations. Genomic alterations in high-risk and low-risk populations suggested that mutations in the <i>TP53</i> gene are highly associated with pyroptosis in patients with HCC. A nomogram including risk score and TNM stage demonstrated good prognostic ability in predicting 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed and verified a prognostic risk model based on PRGs for patients with HCC, which may provide a robust tool for predicting outcomes in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"128-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the significance of mismatch repair deficiency in stage IV colon cancer?","authors":"Kiyoaki Sugiura","doi":"10.21037/jgo-2025-74","DOIUrl":"10.21037/jgo-2025-74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"330-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New onset diabetes predicts clinical outcomes in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Chirayu Mohindroo, Paul S Dy, Suraj P Hande, Christopher R D'Adamo, Arun Mavanur, Asha Thomas, Florencia McAllister, Ana De Jesus-Acosta","doi":"10.21037/jgo-24-570","DOIUrl":"10.21037/jgo-24-570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One percent of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients are diagnosed with new onset diabetes (NOD) over the age of 50 years within 3 years. Therefore, NOD is a major factor for early diagnosis of PDAC. Research has focused on understanding the differences between NOD and type 2 diabetes, particularly in relation to PDAC. However, conflicting data exists regarding their impact on survival outcomes in PDAC patients. We performed this multi-center study to assess the prevalence and influence of NOD on clinical outcomes in patients with PDAC within a community-based hospital system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 138 patients with biopsy-proven PDAC with localized/borderline disease (n=70), and metastatic disease (n=68) at three institutions from 2014 to 2021. NOD group consisted of pts diagnosed with diabetes [hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) >6.5%] or pre-diabetes (HbA1c 5.7-6.4%) within the 3 years prior to PDAC diagnosis. Primary aim of the study was to determine the impact of NOD on clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 138 patients were included in the study, from which 30 met the criteria for NOD. No significant differences were noted in the demographic and clinical characteristics comparing patients based on NOD history. Comparing survival outcomes, NOD group was associated with worse overall survival (OS) in both the metastatic cohort [n=68, progression-free survival (PFS) 4.6 <i>vs</i>. 7.1 months, P=0.07; OS 7.1 <i>vs</i>. 13.2 months, P=0.01) and the resected cohort (n=40, PFS 8.4 <i>vs</i>. 19.3 months, P=0.04; OS 24.5 <i>vs</i>. 42.3 months, P=0.04). In multivariate analysis, the impact of NOD remained significant for OS and PFS in the resected cohort. Identifying common features amongst the NOD group, we found the entire cohort had a significant reduction in individual body mass index (BMI) 1 year prior to the NOD diagnosis (P=0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NOD is associated with worse survival outcomes in patients with metastatic and resected PDAC. Reduction of BMI prior to diagnosis of NOD, warrants further investigation to be incorporated into the PDAC screening paradigm.</p>","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"226-233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic impact of body mass index on patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Chen Liang, Hai-Dong Liu, Han-Yi He, Ken Chen, Yi-Xing Huang, Dan Zu, Qi-Mei Bao, Yang-Chan Hu, Guo-Xia Liu, Chun-Kai Zhang, Yu-Ke Zhong, Ming-Cong Deng, Yan-Hua He, Ji Jing, Yin Shi, Zu Ye, Xiang-Dong Cheng","doi":"10.21037/jgo-24-593","DOIUrl":"10.21037/jgo-24-593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Body mass index (BMI) is considered a negative prognostic factor in gastric cancer (GC), but its impact on different types of pathology remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between BMI and clinicopathology and its impact on the prognosis of GC, particularly between adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed 3,081 GC patients who received extensive GC surgery at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between April 2008 and December 2019. Demographic characteristics, tumor characteristics, and survival data were reviewed from the medical records of all patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis detected independent risk factors affecting prognosis in GC patients. Furthermore, the correlation between BMI and clinicopathological factors was analyzed using Chi-squared assays. Effects of BMI on overall survival in patients with different pathologic types of GC were determined using the Kaplan-Meier curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified age (P<0.001), BMI (P<0.001), surgery (P<0.001), differentiation (P=0.03), pathological type (P<0.001), nerve invasion (P=0.01), maximum tumor diameter (P=0.05), pathologic tumor (pT) stage (P<0.001), pathologic node (pN) stage (P<0.001), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (P<0.001), and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) (P<0.001) were prognostic factors for GC. Patients were divided into three groups based on BMI (kg/m²): low body weight (<18.5), medium (≥18.5, <24), and high (≥24). According to the grouping criteria of BMI, 276 were determined to be in BMI low, 1,956 in BMI medium, and 849 in BMI high. The correlation between BMI and clinicopathological characteristics was confirmed by the Chi-squared test. Specifically, pathologic tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) stage (P<0.001), nerve invasion (P<0.001), and maximum diameter (P<0.01) were correlated with the BMI. Additionally, serum levels of CEA (P=0.01) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (P<0.001) were also found to be negatively correlated with BMI. Furthermore, in gastric adenocarcinoma, the higher the BMI, the better the prognosis. In mucinous adenocarcinoma, BMI had no significant impact on patient prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BMI has a reference value for the prognosis of GC. Patients with a higher BMI had a significantly better prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma. In mucinous adenocarcinoma, the prognosis of patients in the three BMI groups did not differ significantly.</p>","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A current knowledge of the undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells: a narrative review.","authors":"Emin Gayibov, Tomáš Sychra, Pavel Souček, Martin Oliverius","doi":"10.21037/jgo-24-780","DOIUrl":"10.21037/jgo-24-780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) is a rare variant of malignant pancreatic tumor. There is still no standardized treatment for this uncommon subtype, as surgical resection with lymphadenectomy is the only potentially curative treatment so far. In this paper, we describe the current knowledge of this very rare specific subtype of pancreatic cancer (PC) as a narrative review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this review, we did not specify the time range of studies referred to due to limited data availability. Our inclusion criteria comprised previous studies, which specifically focused on the rare UCOGC subtype of PC as a confirmed histopathology, either pure or present together with other subtypes. We disregarded the studies involving any other PC subtype but not UCOGC, including undifferentiated and anaplastic carcinomas without osteoclast-like giant cell components.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>The limited available data precludes a definitive assessment of the efficacy of both neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of UCOGC. Monoclonal antibody pembrolizumab has been proven to be effective in metastatic cases. Multiple cases demonstrate a better overall survival rate for patients with UCOGC only versus those having UCOGC as a component with a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) histopathological subtype. The same conclusion can be also drawn comparing the survival rate of patients having pure UCOGC versus UCOGC with associated PDAC. Programmed cell death ligand-1 expression has been shown to be an important determinant, which shortens the survival period of patients diagnosed with UCOGC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rarity of UCOGC limits data for clinical courses and treatment plans. We need more data to better understand the relationship between pathogenic mutations, histological subtypes, and prognosis in PC, including UCOGC. Understanding UCOGC's molecular, clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics can lead to earlier, more accurate diagnoses and better management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"281-291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights on colorectal cancer mortality trends between 1999-2022 in the US: the importance of place and sex.","authors":"Cibele Barbosa Carroll, Samuel L Rotter, Noelle K LoConte","doi":"10.21037/jgo-2025-93","DOIUrl":"10.21037/jgo-2025-93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"327-329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and clinical spectrum of COVID-19 are associated with safety of transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Zizhuo Wang, Tingting Yang, Lijie Zhang, Joyman Makamure, Wei Hong, Bin Liang","doi":"10.21037/jgo-24-527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/jgo-24-527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) undergoing open surgery show increased adverse events (AEs) and mortality, while the safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in coinfected patients remains understudied, limiting available evidence. This study aims to investigate the safety of TACE in HCC patients coinfected with COVID-19, and to explore the potential risk factors affecting the occurrence of serious AEs (SAEs), thus providing evidence for clinical treatment strategies in such patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study involved HCC patients who underwent TACE with or without COVID-19 infection at our institution from November 2022 to February 2023. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Patients were divided into an infected group (diagnosed with COVID-19 within 2 weeks before or after the procedure) and an uninfected group (tested negative for COVID-19). SAEs were ascertained according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 5.0. Logistic regression analysis of multiple clinical factors in preoperative baseline characteristics was performed to identify risk factors that might predict the occurrence of SAEs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 118 patients (73 in the infected group, 45 in the uninfected group) were included, of whom 83.9% were male (86.3% in the infected group <i>vs.</i> 80.0% in the uninfected group) and the median age was 55.9±12.4 years (56.8±12.3 <i>vs.</i> 54.5±12.7 years). The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 in the infected group were 80.8% mild, 13.7% moderate, 1.4% severe and 4.1% critical. Sixteen of the 118 patients experienced SAEs (19.2% <i>vs.</i> 4.4%, P=0.046). The predominant SAEs were respiratory system diseases (9.6% <i>vs.</i> 0.0%) and liver damage (2.7% <i>vs.</i> 2.2%). In the univariate analysis, infection status [odds ratio (OR): 5.102, P=0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.102-23.627], gender (OR: 2.857, P=0.09, 95% CI: 0.862-9.468), age (OR: 1.061, P=0.03, 95% CI: 1.007-1.118) and clinical spectrum of COVID-19 (OR: 4.259, P<0.001, 1.943-9.336) were considered as the potential risk factors of grade ≥3 AEs. In multivariate analysis, younger age (OR: 1.064, P=0.044, 95% CI: 1.002-1.131) and a milder clinical spectrum of COVID-19 (OR: 5.736, P=0.004, 95% CI: 1.772-18.568) were independent factors associated with a lower occurrence of SAEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TACE in HCC patients co-infected with COVID-19 was considered relatively safe. Age and clinical spectrum of COVID-19 were associated with SAEs in HCC patients treated with TACE.</p>","PeriodicalId":15841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gastrointestinal oncology","volume":"15 6","pages":"2642-2655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}