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PERT: a computer-aided game 电脑辅助游戏
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478815
J. A. Richter-Nielsen
{"title":"PERT: a computer-aided game","authors":"J. A. Richter-Nielsen","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478815","url":null,"abstract":"PERT networks in the education of electric power engineers is only a tool among a host of more important tools. Thus, the time allotted for the training of the students must be cut down to an absolute minimum. To introduce experience in an effective manner and to arouse the interest of the students a computer-aided PERT game seems to be the ideal educational approach. The purpose of this game is to give the students an introduction into the subject area so that later they can, on their own, use the more advanced literature and specialize in that subject. In this paper an educational tool will be described which, through its effective layout and direct appeal to the special knowledge already acquired by the students, promotes the wanted motivation and engagement.","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125982491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Partial recompilation 部分重新编译
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478857
Ronald B. Ayres, Richard L. Derrenbacher
{"title":"Partial recompilation","authors":"Ronald B. Ayres, Richard L. Derrenbacher","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478857","url":null,"abstract":"It is axiomatic that a great deal of the machine time required to debug and implement a computer program is used to compile and recompile source code. In many cases, recompilations require at least as much machine time as an initial compilation, although the resultant change to the program object code may be minimal. In a time-sharing environment the redundancy associated with these recompilations can be expected to contribute to deterioration of response time. Conversational debugging packages, such as DDT, seem to present only a partial solution to the problem, since the debugging operation is usually divorced from the source language updating and production of a corrected object code program.","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127421702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
4-way parallel processor partition of an atmospheric primitive-equation prediction model 大气原始方程预报模型的4路并行处理机划分
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478793
Edward Morenoff, W. Beckett, P. G. Kesel, F. Winninghoff, P. M. Wolff
{"title":"4-way parallel processor partition of an atmospheric primitive-equation prediction model","authors":"Edward Morenoff, W. Beckett, P. G. Kesel, F. Winninghoff, P. M. Wolff","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478793","url":null,"abstract":"A principal mission of the Fleet Numerical Weather Central is to provide, on an operational basis, numerical meteorological and oceanographic products peculiar to the needs of the Navy. Toward this end the FNWC is also charged with the development and test of numerical techniques applicable to Navy environmental forecasting problems. A recent achievement of this development program has been the design, development, and beginning in September 1970, operational use of the FNWC five-layer, baroclinic, atmospheric prediction model, based on the so-called \"primitive-equations,\" and herein defined as the Primitive Equation Model (PEM).","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115620787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
PL/C: the design of a high-performance compiler for PL/I PL/C:设计一个高性能的PL/I编译器
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478858
H. L. Morgan, R. Wagner
{"title":"PL/C: the design of a high-performance compiler for PL/I","authors":"H. L. Morgan, R. Wagner","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478858","url":null,"abstract":"A general purpose production compiler faces many diverse and demanding tasks. It must obviously accept the full source language---including all rarely used and difficult to compile features; it must produce efficient object code; it must be prepared to accept very large and long programs---and accept them in pieces to be integrated later. It is obvious that by yielding on some of these requirements, and by sacrificing generality for efficiency for a particular class of program or user, improved compiler performance should be obtainable. One large and important class of users are those just learning the language. Their programs are typically short, submitted all at once, and require only a modest subset of the language. They need to be compiled repeatedly to eliminate errors, and are often discarded as soon as they execute properly. In general, their execution time is very small relative to the total compilation time. It should also be noted that such programs occur in tremendous numbers since classes of hundreds of students submitting programs daily are not at all uncommon. This class of program is further enlarged by the observation that even experienced programmers have rather similar requirements (except for requiring a larger subset of the language) during the development and checkout of a new system.","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115758661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
SYMBOL: a major departure from classic software dominated von Neumann computing systems 符号:从经典软件主导的冯·诺依曼计算系统的重大偏离
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478867
R. Rice, William R. Smith
{"title":"SYMBOL: a major departure from classic software dominated von Neumann computing systems","authors":"R. Rice, William R. Smith","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478867","url":null,"abstract":"The prime goal of the SYMBOL research project was to demonstrate, with a full-scale working system, that a very high-level, general-purpose, procedural, \"state of the art\" language and a large portion of a time-sharing operating system could be implemented directly in hardware and achieve a significant increase in overall computational rates. A further objective was to create hardware design and construction techniques which could be easily applied by a small number of people to implement such a system in a reasonable time and at a relatively low cost. Although this was a research project, there was a high dedication to developing automation, hardware, test equipment and documentation to support the project. The name SYMBOL was chosen to signify direct hardware symbolic addressing.","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116337024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 53
An architectural framework for system analysis and evaluation 用于系统分析和评估的架构框架
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478872
Peter Freeman
{"title":"An architectural framework for system analysis and evaluation","authors":"Peter Freeman","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478872","url":null,"abstract":"In any situation where a large amount of information must be handled, the need for structure soon becomes evident. When one must process a quantity of information and reduce it to a small amount (for example, from a large set of evaluations decide whether to buy system A or system B) the need for hierarchical structure is especially evident because of the inability of the human mind to consider more than a very small number of pieces of information simultaneously. If one is presented with 100 facts and asked to make a single overall judgment in terms of three or four possibilities, he must have some means of aggregation.","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132534380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unconventional superspeed computer systems 非常规的超高速计算机系统
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478838
T. C. Chen
{"title":"Unconventional superspeed computer systems","authors":"T. C. Chen","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478838","url":null,"abstract":"As machine systems grow in complexity to provide ever higher quality and quantity of service, increasing attention has to be paid to aspects of computing which are not the requirements for problem solving, but rather demands imposed by the handling technique prescribed for earlier machines!","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125083673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Management information systems: what happens after implementation? 管理信息系统:实施后会发生什么?
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478825
D. Thomas
{"title":"Management information systems: what happens after implementation?","authors":"D. Thomas","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478825","url":null,"abstract":"One of the greatest challenges facing the modern business firm is the development of means to efficiently and prudently harness computer technology, and make it produce. Classical computer production has been directed toward making existing tasks more efficient. A typical indicator of this direction has been the automation of clerical accounting and payroll systems. Recent computer production, however, is becoming increasingly oriented toward automation of the decision making processes themselves (the \"what if\" question). This latter trend has forced the development of large, fast memory, tremendous on-line storage capabilities, powerful operating systems, and generalized, easy retrieval programming languages.","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116323829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SYMBOL: a large experimental system exploring major hardware replacement of software 符号:一个大型实验系统，探索主要的硬件替代软件
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478869
William R. Smith, R. Rice, G. Chesley, T. A. Laliotis, S. Lundstrom, M. Calhoun, Lawrence D. Gerould, Thomas G. Cook
{"title":"SYMBOL: a large experimental system exploring major hardware replacement of software","authors":"William R. Smith, R. Rice, G. Chesley, T. A. Laliotis, S. Lundstrom, M. Calhoun, Lawrence D. Gerould, Thomas G. Cook","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478869","url":null,"abstract":"The SYMBOL system is the result of a major developmental effort to increase the functional capability of hardware. Part of the charter of the broad based project was to reexamine the traditional division between hardware and software, to reexamine the respective roles of program instruction and data storage, and to reduce the overall complexity and cost of computing. In order to adequately evaluate the concepts that had been developed it was concluded that an experimental, usable, real system must be built. The SYMBOL system, now operational, is the embodiment of this effort.","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123993529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
A semi-automatic relevancy generation technique for data processing, education and career development 一种用于数据处理、教育和职业发展的半自动关联生成技术
AFIPS '71 (Spring) Pub Date : 1971-05-18 DOI: 10.1145/1478786.1478871
J. Benenati
{"title":"A semi-automatic relevancy generation technique for data processing, education and career development","authors":"J. Benenati","doi":"10.1145/1478786.1478871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1478786.1478871","url":null,"abstract":"\"In a rapidly changing technology such as ADP, personnel resources, in the absence of intensive training, tend to become obsolescent at the same rate as hardware resources, and a major effort is required to keep a staff current and competent.\" This conclusion was recorded by a 14 member panel appointed by President Nixon to recommend improvements in the Data Processing activities of the Department of Defense. It is particularly interesting to note that this statement was one of the panel's main recommendations as cited by Information Week (8/3/70), and COMPUTER-WORLD (8/19/70). The significance, of course, is that training costs are finally being classified along with hardware costs and we may at last be somewhere near the threshold of putting some order to the existing chaos of Data Processing education.","PeriodicalId":158225,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '71 (Spring)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128911634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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