Journal of Experimental Neuroscience最新文献_第9页

Testing the Protein Propagation Hypothesis of Parkinson Disease. 帕金森病蛋白繁殖假说的检验。

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-07-10 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518786715

Alain Dagher, Yashar Zeighami

引用次数: 21

Strong Circadian Rhythms in the Choroid Plexus: Implications for Sleep-Independent Brain Metabolite Clearance. 脉络膜丛强烈的昼夜节律:与睡眠无关的脑代谢物清除有关。

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-07-05 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518783762

Jihwan Myung, Dean Wu, Valérie Simonneaux, Timothy Joseph Lane

引用次数: 15

Homeostatic Regulation of Interneuron Apoptosis During Cortical Development. 皮层发育过程中神经元间凋亡的稳态调节。

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-07-05 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518784277

Myrto Denaxa, Guilherme Neves, Juan Burrone, Vassilis Pachnis

{"title":"Homeostatic Regulation of Interneuron Apoptosis During Cortical Development.","authors":"Myrto Denaxa, Guilherme Neves, Juan Burrone, Vassilis Pachnis","doi":"10.1177/1179069518784277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179069518784277","url":null,"abstract":"The mammalian cortex consists of two main neuronal types: the principal excitatory pyramidal neurons (PNs) and the inhibitory interneurons (INs). The interplay between these two neuronal populations - which drive excitation and inhibition (E/I balance), respectively - is crucial for controlling the overall activity in the brain. A number of neurological and psychiatric disorders have been associated with changes in E/I balance. It is not surprising, therefore, that neural networks employ several different mechanisms to maintain their firing rates at a stable level, collectively referred as homeostatic forms of plasticity. Here, we share our views on how the size of IN populations may provide an early homeostatic checkpoint for controlling brain activity. In a recent paper published in Cell Reports, we demonstrate that the extent of IN apoptosis during a critical early postnatal period is plastic, cell type specific, and can be reduced in a cell-autonomous manner by acute increases in neuronal activity. We propose that a critical interplay between the physiological state of the network and its cellular units fine-tunes the size of IN populations with the aim of stabilizing network activity.","PeriodicalId":15817,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Neuroscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"1179069518784277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179069518784277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36318409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Regional Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Aging. 健康老年人的区域脑血管反应性和认知能力

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-07-05 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518785151

Sarah J Catchlove, Todd B Parrish, Yufen Chen, Helen Macpherson, Matthew E Hughes, Andrew Pipingas

{"title":"Regional Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Aging.","authors":"Sarah J Catchlove, Todd B Parrish, Yufen Chen, Helen Macpherson, Matthew E Hughes, Andrew Pipingas","doi":"10.1177/1179069518785151","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179069518785151","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) reflects the response of brain blood vessels to vasoactive stimuli, such as neural activity. The current research assessed age-related changes in regional CVR to 5% CO2 inhalation in younger (n = 30, range: 21-45 years) and older (n = 29, range: 55-75 years) adults, and the contribution of regional CVR to cognitive performance using blood-oxygen-level dependent contrast imaging (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 3T field strength. CVR was measured by inducing hypercapnia using a block-design paradigm under physiological monitoring. Memory and attention were assessed with a comprehensive computerized aging battery. MRI data analysis was conducted using MATLAB® and SPM12. Memory and attention performance was positively associated with CVR in the temporal cortices. Temporal lobe CVR influenced memory performance independently of age, gender, and education level. When analyzing age groups separately, CVR in the hippocampus contributed significantly to memory score in the older group and was also related to subjective memory complaints. No associations between CVR and cognition were observed in younger adults. Vascular responsiveness in the brain has consequences for cognition in cognitively healthy people. These findings may inform other areas of research concerned with vaso-protective approaches for prevention or treatment of neurocognitive decline.","PeriodicalId":15817,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Neuroscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"1179069518785151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/45/d1/10.1177_1179069518785151.PMC6043917.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36318410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Hierarchy Representation in the Primate Amygdala Reflects the Emotional Ambiguity of Our Social Interactions. 灵长类杏仁核的社会层次表征反映了我们社会交往中的情感歧义。

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-06-17 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518782459

Jérôme Munuera

{"title":"Social Hierarchy Representation in the Primate Amygdala Reflects the Emotional Ambiguity of Our Social Interactions.","authors":"Jérôme Munuera","doi":"10.1177/1179069518782459","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179069518782459","url":null,"abstract":"Group living can help individuals defend against predators and acquire nutrition. However, conflicts between group members can arise (food sharing, mating, etc), requiring individuals to know the social status of each member to promote survival. In our recent paper, we sought to understand how the brain represents the social status of monkeys living in the same colony. Primates learn the social status of their peers through experience, including observation and direct interactions, just like they learn the rewarding or aversive nature of stimuli that predict different types of reinforcement. Group members may thereby be viewed as differing in value. We found in the amygdala, a brain area specialized for emotion, a neural representation of social hierarchy embedded in the same neuronal ensemble engaged in the assignment of motivational significance to previously neutral stimuli. Interestingly, we found 2 subpopulations of amygdala neurons encoding the social status of individuals in an opposite manner. In response to a stimulus, one population encodes similarly appetitive nonsocial images and dominant monkeys as well as aversive nonsocial stimuli and submissive monkeys. The other population encodes the opposite pattern later in time. This mechanism could reflect the emotional ambiguity we face in social situations as each interaction is potentially positive (eg, food access, protection, promotion) or negative (eg, aggression, bullying).","PeriodicalId":15817,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Neuroscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"1179069518782459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f3/50/10.1177_1179069518782459.PMC6029238.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36287416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Getting Under the Hood" of Neuronal Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans. 秀丽隐杆线虫神经元信号传导的“蒙在鼓里”。

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-06-17 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518781326

Paul DE Williams, Jeffrey A Zahratka, Bruce A Bamber

{"title":"\"Getting Under the Hood\" of Neuronal Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans.","authors":"Paul DE Williams, Jeffrey A Zahratka, Bruce A Bamber","doi":"10.1177/1179069518781326","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179069518781326","url":null,"abstract":"Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful model to study the neural and biochemical basis of behavior. It combines a small, completely mapped nervous system, powerful genetic tools, and a transparent cuticle, allowing Ca++ imaging without the need for dissection. However, these approaches remain one step removed from direct pharmacological and physiological characterization of individual neurons. Much can still be learned by \"getting under the hood\" or breaching the cuticle and directly studying the neurons. For example, we recently combined electrophysiology, Ca++ imaging, and pharmacological analysis on partially dissected ASH nociceptors showing that serotonin (5-HT) potentiates depolarization by inhibiting Ca++ influx. This study challenges the tacit assumption that Ca++ transient amplitudes and depolarization strength are positively correlated and has validated a new paradigm for interpreting Ca++ signals. Bypassing the cuticle was critical for the success of these experiments, not only for performing electrical recordings but also for the acute and reversible application of drugs. By contrast, drug soaking or mutating genes can produce long-term effects and compensatory changes, potentially confounding interpretations significantly. Therefore, direct studies of the physiological response of individual neurons should remain a critical objective, to provide key molecular insights complementing global Ca++ imaging neural network studies.","PeriodicalId":15817,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Neuroscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"1179069518781326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179069518781326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36287415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

New Neurons in the Dentate Gyrus Promote Reinstatement of Methamphetamine Seeking. 齿状回的新神经元促进甲基苯丙胺寻找的恢复。

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-06-04 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518779625

Chitra D Mandyam, Sucharita S Somkuwar, Robert J Oliver, Yoshio Takashima

{"title":"New Neurons in the Dentate Gyrus Promote Reinstatement of Methamphetamine Seeking.","authors":"Chitra D Mandyam, Sucharita S Somkuwar, Robert J Oliver, Yoshio Takashima","doi":"10.1177/1179069518779625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179069518779625","url":null,"abstract":"Addictive drugs effect the brain reward circuitry by altering functional plasticity of neurons governing the circuits. Relapse is an inherent problem in addicted subjects and is associated with neuroplasticity changes in several brain regions including the hippocampus. Recent studies have begun to determine the functional significance of adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, where new neurons in the granule cell layer are continuously generated to replace dying or diseased cells. One of the many negative consequences of chronic methamphetamine (METH) abuse and METH addiction in rodent and nonhuman primate models is a decrease in neural progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus and reduced neurogenesis in the granule cell layer during METH exposure. However, the number of progenitors rebound during withdrawal and abstinence from METH and the functional significance of enhanced survival of the progenitors during abstinence on the propensity for relapse was recently investigated by Galinato et al. A rat model of METH addiction in concert with a pharmacogenetic approach of ablating neural progenitor cells revealed that neurogenesis during abstinence promoted a relapse to METH-seeking behavior. Biochemical and electrophysiology studies demonstrated that an increase in neurogenesis during abstinence correlated with increases in plasticity-related proteins associated with learning and memory in the dentate gyrus and enhanced spontaneous activity and reduced neuronal excitability of granule cell neurons. Based on these findings, we discuss the putative molecular mechanisms that could drive aberrant neurogenesis during abstinence. We also indicate forebrain-dentate gyrus circuits that could assist with aberrant neurogenesis and drive a relapse into METH-seeking behavior in METH-addicted animals.","PeriodicalId":15817,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Neuroscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"1179069518779625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179069518779625","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36219813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Epigenetic Mechanisms of Alcohol Neuroadaptation: Insights from Drosophila. 酒精神经适应的表观遗传机制：果蝇的启示

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-06-04 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518779809

Maria E Ramirez-Roman, Carlos E Billini, Alfredo Ghezzi

{"title":"Epigenetic Mechanisms of Alcohol Neuroadaptation: Insights from Drosophila.","authors":"Maria E Ramirez-Roman, Carlos E Billini, Alfredo Ghezzi","doi":"10.1177/1179069518779809","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179069518779809","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol addiction is a serious condition perpetuated by enduring physiological and behavioral adaptations. An important component of these adaptations is the long-term rearrangement of neuronal gene expression in the brain of the addicted individual. Epigenetic histone modifications have recently surfaced as important modulators of the transcriptional adaptation to alcohol as these are thought to represent a form of transcriptional memory that is directly imprinted on the chromosome. Some histone modifications affect transcription by modulating the accessibility of the underlying DNA, whereas others have been proposed to serve as marks read by transcription factors as a \"histone code\" that helps to specify the expression level of a gene. Although the effects of some epigenetic modifications on the transcriptional activity of genes are well known, the mechanisms by which alcohol consumption produces this rearrangement and leads to lasting changes in behavior remain unresolved. Recent advances using the Drosophila model system have started to unravel the epigenetic modulators underlying functional alcohol neuroadaptations. In this review, we discuss the role of 3 different histone modification systems in Drosophila, which have a direct impact on key alcohol neuroadaptations associated with the addictive process. These systems involve the histone deacetylase Sirt1, the histone acetyltransferase CREB-binding protein (CBP), and a subset of the Drosophila JmjC-Domain histone demethylase family.","PeriodicalId":15817,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Neuroscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"1179069518779809"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/89/40/10.1177_1179069518779809.PMC5990879.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36219814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuropeptide Signaling Networks and Brain Circuit Plasticity. 神经肽信号网络与大脑回路可塑性

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-05-31 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518779207

Cynthia K McClard, Benjamin R Arenkiel

{"title":"Neuropeptide Signaling Networks and Brain Circuit Plasticity.","authors":"Cynthia K McClard, Benjamin R Arenkiel","doi":"10.1177/1179069518779207","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179069518779207","url":null,"abstract":"The brain is a remarkable network of circuits dedicated to sensory integration, perception, and response. The computational power of the brain is estimated to dwarf that of most modern supercomputers, but perhaps its most fascinating capability is to structurally refine itself in response to experience. In the language of computers, the brain is loaded with programs that encode when and how to alter its own hardware. This programmed \"plasticity\" is a critical mechanism by which the brain shapes behavior to adapt to changing environments. The expansive array of molecular commands that help execute this programming is beginning to emerge. Notably, several neuropeptide transmitters, previously best characterized for their roles in hypothalamic endocrine regulation, have increasingly been recognized for mediating activity-dependent refinement of local brain circuits. Here, we discuss recent discoveries that reveal how local signaling by corticotropin-releasing hormone reshapes mouse olfactory bulb circuits in response to activity and further explore how other local neuropeptide networks may function toward similar ends.","PeriodicalId":15817,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Neuroscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"1179069518779207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f1/8f/10.1177_1179069518779207.PMC5985544.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36219811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physiological and Functional Basis of Dopamine Receptors and Their Role in Neurogenesis: Possible Implication for Parkinson's disease. 多巴胺受体的生理和功能基础及其在神经发生中的作用:可能与帕金森病有关。

Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2018-05-31 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518779829

Akanksha Mishra, Sonu Singh, Shubha Shukla

{"title":"Physiological and Functional Basis of Dopamine Receptors and Their Role in Neurogenesis: Possible Implication for Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Akanksha Mishra, Sonu Singh, Shubha Shukla","doi":"10.1177/1179069518779829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179069518779829","url":null,"abstract":"Dopamine controls various physiological functions in the brain and periphery by acting on its receptors D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5. Dopamine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors involved in the regulation of motor activity and several neurological disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Reduction in dopamine content in the nigrostriatal pathway is associated with the development of PD, along with the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region. Dopamine receptors directly regulate neurotransmission of other neurotransmitters, release of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Here, we provide an update on recent knowledge about the signalling mechanism, mode of action, and the evidence for the physiological and functional basis of dopamine receptors. We also highlight the pivotal role of these receptors in the modulation of neurogenesis, a possible therapeutic target that might help to slow down the process of neurodegeneration.","PeriodicalId":15817,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Neuroscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"1179069518779829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179069518779829","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36219816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 151