Journal of Environmental Sciences-china最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the feasibility and environmental benefits of electrifying construction machinery in Beijing, China.","authors":"Huawei Yi, Yangyang Cui, Han Li, Guanghan Huang, Kaiyun Liu, Linzhen Qu, Jing Yan, Lei Nie, Yifeng Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.03.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.03.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oil-fired construction machinery (OCM) is a major source of urban air pollutants and CO₂ emissions, and electrification is a crucial pathway for improving air quality and achieving China's dual carbon goals; however, its feasibility has not been fully explored. This study uses data envelopment analysis and the analytic hierarchy process to establish a development potential index, covering technical efficiency, economic cost, application scenarios, and charging time and range, with an empirical analysis conducted in Beijing. The findings indicated the high feasibility of replacing OCM with electric alternatives, especially within the low-power range. Based on 2023 registered coding data, it is projected that by 2030, electrification could reduce regional average concentrations of CO, NO_x, PM_2.5 and VOCs by 12.2 % to 56.4 % and reduce CO₂ by 11.7 % to 56.9 %. Owing to economic considerations, small- and medium-sized machinery are particularly feasible for electrification. Key recommendations include prioritizing the electrification of forklifts, lifting platforms, and small-sized machinery in high-emission areas, particularly in central urban districts. Policies such as carbon taxes, carbon markets, and performance grading systems are suggested to incentivize electrification, along with expanding high-emission restriction zones and improving energy infrastructure to support widespread electrification.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"374-382"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145175814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sensitive method for rapid determination of 256 semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in water by solid-phase extraction and GC-MS/MS.","authors":"Youchang Zhu, Ruohan Sun, Yanran Dong, Yan Liu, Yupeng Chen, Zhiquan Yuan, Baozhu Pan, Nan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.02.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.02.050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A trace analytical method based on solid-phase extraction gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-GC-MS/MS) was developed for the rapid detection of 256 semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), including 25 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 70 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 123 pesticides, 20 phthalate esters (PAEs), 4 organophosphate esters (OPEs), 9 synthetic musks (SMs), and 5 UV filters (UVs) in water. Notably, this method provided a decent linearity of calibration standards (R² > 0.999), excellent method limits of quantification (MLOQs) (0.12-11.41 ng/L), satisfactory matrix spiking recovery rates (60.4 %-126 %), and high precision (intra-day relative standard deviations (RSDs): 1.0 %-10.0 %, inter-day RSDs: 3.0 %-15.0 %, and inter-week RSDs: 3.4 %-15.7 %), making it suitable for trace-level studies. Statistical analysis revealed that SVOCs with higher volatility exhibited enhanced recovery rates. Validation of the methodology involved analyzing SVOCs in real spring water and river water samples. Twenty-seven SVOCs were detected in spring water and 58 in river water, with an average concentration of 631.73 and 16,095 ng/L, respectively. Among the detected SVOCs, PAEs constituted the predominant proportion. This study underscored the presence of SVOCs contamination specifically within the spring water, although SVOCs concentrations in river water were significantly greater than those found in spring water. In summary, this sensitive method based on SPE-GC-MS/MS was successfully developed and validated for the rapid analysis of a diverse array of 256 SVOCs at trace levels in water, including not only the traditional highly valued PAHs, PCBs, pesticides, and PAEs, but also the emerging OPEs, UVs, and SMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"362-373"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145175651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single Fe atom anchored by N vacancy of C₃N₄ activates PMS for efficient degradation of refractory organics: The key role of non-radical pathway through ¹O₂ and Fe(IV)=O.","authors":"Shenghui Tu, Lu Sun, Hongxiang Zhang, Jiaqi Xie, Leizhen Shen, Wenming Liu, Guobo Li, Honggen Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.03.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.03.039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fenton-like technology based on peroxymonosulfate activation has shown great potential in refractory organics degradation. In this work, single Fe atom catalysts were synthesized through facile ball milling and exhibited very high performance in peroxymonosulfate activation. The Fe single-atom filled an N vacancy on the triazine ring edge of C₃N₄, as confirmed through X-ray absorption fine structure, density functional calculation and electron paramagnetic resonance. The SAFe_0.4C₃N₄/PMS system could completely remove phenol (20 mg/L) within 10 min and its first-order kinetic constant was 12.3 times that of the Fe₃O₄/PMS system. Under different initial pH levels and in various anionic environments, SAFe_0.4C₃N₄ still demonstrated excellent catalytic activity, achieving a removal rate of over 90 % for phenol within 12 min. In addition, SAFe_0.4C₃N₄ exhibited outstanding selectivity in reaction systems with different pollutants, showing excellent degradation effects on electron-rich pollutants only. Hydroxyl radicals (^•OH), singlet oxygen (¹O₂) and high-valent iron oxide (Fe(Ⅳ)=O) were detected in the SAFe_0.4C₃N₄/PMS system through free radical capture experiments. Further experiments on the quenching of active species and a methyl phenyl sulfoxide probe confirmed that ¹O₂ and Fe(Ⅳ)=O played dominant roles. Additionally, the change in the current response after adding PMS and phenol in succession proved that a direct electron transfer path between organic matter and the catalyst surface was unlikely to exist in the SAFe_0.4C₃N₄/PMS/Phenol degradation system. This study provides a new demonstration of the catalytic mechanism of single-atom catalysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"339-348"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of imidazole-containing particles to emission reduction policies in China: Insights from observations in a megacity in the Sichuan Basin.","authors":"Chunying Chen, Yunfei Su, Siyu Liu, Junke Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.02.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.02.047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imidazole (IM) particles in the atmosphere affect climate, atmospheric chemical reactions, and human health. However, research on IM particles in the Sichuan Basin (SCB), one of the areas of China affected most heavily by haze, remains very scarce. This study used single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry to investigate IM-containing particles in Chengdu, one of the megacities in the SCB, during summer and winter before and after implementation of the Three-year Action Plan to Win the Blue-Sky Defense War (BSDW). We found that IM-containing particles accounted for 1.2 %-12.0 % of all detected particles, and they highly mixed with carbonaceous components, secondary inorganic species, and organic nitrogen. From before to after the BSDW, the proportion of IM-containing particles decreased by 1.8 % in summer, but increased by 9.6 % in winter. Ammonium/amines and carbonyl compounds were closely related to IM-containing particles; the highest proportion of IM-containing particles occurred in particles mixed with amines and carbonyls. The number fraction of IM-containing particles in all seasons was higher at night than during daytime. The potential source areas of IM-containing particles showed notable narrowing after the BSDW, and the high-value areas were found distributed closer to Chengdu and its surrounding areas. In the winter before the BSDW, most IM-containing particles (> 70 %) were mixed with organic carbon (OC) particles, and the contributions of OC and mixed organic-elemental carbon (OC-EC) particles increased with aggravation of pollution, whereas OC-EC and Metal particles played a more crucial role in the winter after the BSDW.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"403-412"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of beryllium and its microscale interactions with coexisting phases in beryllium-containing sludge.","authors":"Xiaobo Min, Lin Yu, Yong Ke, Yunyan Wang, Wenming Zeng, Hui Xu, Yun Li, Cong Peng, Zhumei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.02.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.02.051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Beryllium-containing sludge (BCS) is a typical hazardous waste from Be smelting, which can cause serious harm to ecology and human health by releasing harmful Be if it is stored long-term in environment. Nonetheless, the occurrence of Be in BCS is unclear, which seriously hinders the development of pollution control technologies. In order to enhance the understanding of BCS, the occurrence of Be and the microscale interactions with coexisting phases were investigated for the first time. It was found that CaSO₄·2H₂O and amorphous SiO₂ are the primary phases of BCS. The simulated experiments of purified materials showed that Be interacted with CaSO₄·2H₂O and amorphous SiO₂. Be can enter into the lattice of CaSO₄·2H₂O mainly as free Be²⁺. Amorphous SiO₂ can adsorb Be²⁺ particularly at a pH range of 3-5. The dissolution behavior experiment of BCS shows that about 52 % of the Be is readily extracted under acidic conditions, which refers to the Be of independent occurrence. In contrast, the remaining 48 % of Be can be extracted only after the CaSO₄·2H₂O has completely dissolved. Hence, CaSO₄·2H₂O is identified as the key occurrence phase which determines the highly efficient dissolution of Be. As a result, this study enhances the understanding of BCS and lays the foundation for the development of Be separation technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"383-390"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicokinetics and responses of multiple biomarkers of sediment-associated fluoroquinolones in the freshwater benthic gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa.","authors":"Meng Wang, Xiaoxu Zhang, Lu Li, Xiangnan Chen, Jie Du, Yingru Zhou, Taowu Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.02.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.02.055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have the propensity to accumulate in sediments once introduction into aquatic environments, thereby posing potential threats to benthic organisms, yet the ecotoxicity of sediment-associated FQs remains unclear. In this study, the toxicokinetics and responses of multiple biomarkers in Bellamya aeruginosa, exposed to the three commonly used FQs (norfloxacin, NOR; ciprofloxacin, CIP; levofloxacin, LEVO) at environmentally relevant concentrations were investigated under sediment exposure scenario. The results revealed that FQs were effectively ingested by B. aeruginosa from sediments, CIP showing the highest bioaccumulation (180.59 µg/kg), followed by NOR (74.49 µg/kg) and LEVO (36.02 µg/kg). CIP exhibiting a highest uptake rate constant (K_s) (4.64 g/(g·day)) and the lowest elimination rate constant (K_e) (0.05 g/(g·day)). The descending order of biological half-life is as follows: CIP (13.62 days), LEVO (8.14 days), and NOR (6.83 days). NOR induced the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase while CIP and LEVO depressed their activities and increased malondialdehyde content, indicating a more pronounced oxidative damage to B. aeruginosa caused by CIP and LEVO than NOR. Furthermore, all three FQs were found to induce DNA damage and elevate acetylcholinesterase activity, suggesting distinct genotoxic and neurotoxic effects. Interestingly, despite its low bioaccumulation potential, LEVO exhibited high toxicity towards B. aeruginosa. These findings enhance our understanding of the ecotoxicity of FQs in sediments, providing further evidence of their potential ecological risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"292-301"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of functional microorganisms and environmental factors on CO₂ and CH₄ emissions in a typical floodplain lake system.","authors":"Jiajia Li, Fan Wu, Xianrui Ha, Yang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.05.054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lakes are carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) emission hotspots, whose associated flux is spatially variable. Many studies have investigated the impact of microorganisms and environmental factors on CO₂ and CH₄ emissions between different lakes. However, the carbon emissions and their influencing factors of different areas within a single lake remain poorly understood. Accordingly, this study investigates CO₂ and CH₄ emission heterogeneity in a large floodplain lake system and distribution characteristics of associated functional microorganisms. Findings show that mean CO₂ and CH₄ flux values in the sub lake area were 62.03 ± 24.21 mg/(m²·day) and 5.97 ± 3.2 µg/(m²·day), which were greater by factors of 1.78 and 2.96 compared to the water channel and the main lake area, respectively. The alpha diversity of methanogens in the sub lake area was lower than that in the main lake and water channel areas. The abundance of methanogens in bottom water layer was higher compared with the middle and surface layers. Conversely, the abundance of methane (CH₄)-oxidizing bacteria in the surface layer was higher than that in the bottom layer. Additionally, the composition of methanogen and CH₄-oxidizing bacterial community, chlorophyll a (Chl-a), pH, total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content constituted the dominate driving factors affecting lake C emissions. Results from this study can be used to improve our understanding of lake spatial heterogeneous of CO₂ and CH₄ emission and the driving mechanisms within floodplain lakes under the coupling effects of functional C microorganisms and environmental factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"312-321"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ self-assembly green synthesis of P-doped tubular carbon nitride for photocatalytic activation of PMS to rapidly degrade organic pollutants.","authors":"Xiaomei Chen, Deping Wang, Kejun Tan, Lin Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.04.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.04.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-assisted visible-light photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) presents a promising and environmentally friendly approach. However, pristine g-C₃N₄ suffers from limited visible-light absorption and low charge-carrier mobility. In this study, a phosphorus-doped tubular carbon nitride (5P-TCN) was synthesized via a precursor self-assembly method using phosphoric acid and melamine as raw materials, eliminating the need for organic solvents or templates. The 5P-TCN catalyst demonstrated enhanced visible-light absorption, improved charge transfer capability, and a 5.25-fold increase in specific surface area (31.092 m²/g), which provided abundant active sites to efficiently drive the PMS-assisted photocatalytic reaction. The 5P-TCN/vis/PMS system exhibited exceptional degradation performance for organic pollutants across a broad pH range (3-9), achieving over 92 % degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) within 15 min. Notably, the system retained > 98 % RhB degradation efficiency after three consecutive operational cycles, demonstrating robust operational stability and reusability. Moreover, key parameters influencing, active radicals, degradation pathways, and potential mechanisms for RhB degradation were systematically investigated. This work proposes a green and cost-effective strategy for developing high-efficiency photocatalysts, while demonstrating the exceptional capability of a PMS-assisted photocatalytic system for rapid degradation of RhB.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"280-291"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical characteristics of fine aerosols and associated speciated organic compounds in summer Nanjing, China.","authors":"Yuanjie Shan, Daoming Li, Shijie Cui, Jiukun Xian, Yunjiang Zhang, Junfeng Wang, Haiwei Li, Ming Wang, Yun Wu, Xinlei Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.03.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.03.044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Along with decrease of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) concentration in recent years in China, secondary species become increasingly important. This work focuses on characterizing secondary components, and a few important groups of organics including organic nitrogen (ON), organonitrates (OrgN), organosulfates (OS) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), via online measurement of submicron aerosols (PM₁) in Nanjing, China, during 2022 summer. The average PM₁ concentration was 15.39 µg/m³, dominated by secondary components (69.1 %), which were even more important at higher PM₁ levels. The primary organic aerosols (POA) were from traffic, industry and cooking; the two secondary OA factors were both closely linked with photochemistry, with one (OOA1) being relatively fresh and important in early afternoon and another (OOA2) being aged and important in late afternoon. Sulfate formation was also governed by photochemistry but resembled that of OOA2 not OOA1; nitrate formation was associated strongly with heterogeneous hydrolysis and thermodynamic equilibrium. Results also reveal a possible photochemical reaction channel from POA to OOA1, then to OOA2. Case studies show that formations of secondary components responded differently to different weather conditions and governed summer PM₁ pollution. The average ON, OrgN, OS and PAHs concentrations were determined to be 122.8, 84.4, 45.6 and 3.3 ng/m³, respectively. ON was dominated by primary sources (53.8 %). OrgN varied similarly to nitrate. OS formation was linked with aqueous-phase reactions, which were insignificant therefore its level was low. PAHs was mainly from traffic, and photochemical oxidation might be its important sink during afternoon.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"349-361"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring hydrological alterations and landscape patterns for sustainable development through ecosystem connectivity in Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary, India.","authors":"Sonali Kundu, Narendra Kumar Rana, Barnali Kundu","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.03.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2025.03.034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits, yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts. This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary (HWLS) in Uttar Pradesh. Encroachment activities such as grazing, agriculture, and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems. Additionally, irrigation projects, dam construction, and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability. To assess wetland inundation in 2023, five classification techniques were employed: Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), Spectral Information Divergence (SID), and Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC). SVM emerged as the most precise method, as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation. Consequently, the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns. The findings revealed that the SVM classifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas. The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55 % and 38.12 % reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre- and post-monsoon periods, respectively. Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27 % decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period, signifying severe habitat degradation. This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts. By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives, this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals. Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services, which are essential for biodiversity, climate regulation, and human well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":15788,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences-china","volume":"159 ","pages":"322-338"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}