Journal of ethnopharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Shen-Qi-Di-Huang Decoction induces autophagy in podocytes to ameliorate membranous nephropathy by suppressing USP14.","authors":"Yuxin Wang, Manman Shi, Li Sheng, Yanrong Ke, Hong Zheng, ChaoJun Wang, Xiaocheng Jiang, Zihan Lu, Jian Liu, Yuhua Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Shen-Qi-Di-Huang decoction (SQDHD) is a renowned decoction in traditional Chinese medicine, dating back to the Qing Dynasty. SQDHD has been widely applied in treating renal diseases, including Membranous nephropathy (MN), with its proven positive clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism by which SQDHD exerts its therapeutic effects on MN remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>The present research aimed to observe whether SQDHD promotes podocyte autophagy by inhibiting USP14 to increase the K63 ubiquitination of Beclin1, thereby improving MN.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An MN model was established in rats using Passive Heyman Nephritis (PHN) to explore the underlying mechanisms in vivo. The kidney function parameters were evaluated, and the histomorphology of glomerular tissues was examined. Autophagy-related protein expression was assessed using immunofluorescence staining and western blotting assays. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was used to detect the K63 ubiquitination of Beclin1. MPC5 cells were treated in vitro with serum obtained from several rat groups. Subsequently, the expression of autophagy-related proteins, formation of autophagosomes, expression of USP14, and K63 ubiquitination of Beclin1 were quantified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrated that SQDHD intervention reduced urinary protein levels, mitigated podocyte damage in MN model rats, and improved kidney tissue pathology. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo data revealed that SQDHD therapy significantly increased podocyte autophagy, decreased USP14 expression, and raised Beclin1's K63 ubiquitination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provided a scientific rationale supporting the ability of SQDHD to substantially alleviate MN progression by inducing podocyte autophagy through the inhibition of USP14 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative multi-Omics and network pharmacology reveal angiogenesis promotion by Quan-Du-Zhong Capsule via VEGFA/PI3K-Akt pathway.","authors":"Xiaofeng Li, Wanyue Yang, Chunlan Dai, Ziyang Qiu, Xin Luan, Xuemei Zhang, Lijun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Quan-du-zhong capsule (QDZ), derived from the whole plant extract of Eucommiaulmoides Oliv., is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used in treating vascular-related diseases, including hypertension and osteoporosis. Despite its established uses, its pro-angiogenic effects and underlying mechanisms require further investigation.</p><p><strong>Aim of this study: </strong>This study aims to investigate the pro-angiogenic effects of QDZ and explore the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The chemical compositions of QDZ, including its absorbed prototypes in rats, were analyzed using UHPLC-Q Exactive-Orbitrap-MS. The pro-angiogenic activities of QDZ were evaluated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through various assays, including CCK-8, migration, scratch, tubule formation, and 3D sprouting assays. Additionally, the pro-angiogenic effects of QDZ were further assessed invivo through the matrigel plug assay and a hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion model, with three-dimensional blood flow visualized via micro-CT. A comprehensive approach involving network pharmacology, molecular docking, transcriptomics, and proteomics was utilized to explore the pro-angiogenic mechanism of QDZ, with validation by Western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>QDZ significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and tubule formation of HUVECs. The matrigel plug assay further confirmed its pro-angiogenic potential. Invivo, QDZ-treated mice displayed enhanced vascular distribution and faster blood flow recovery post-ischemia-reperfusion. Chemical analysis identified 49 compounds in QDZ, with 16 absorbed prototypes detected in rat plasma. Mechanistic investigations through network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and proteomics suggested that QDZ's pro-angiogenic effects were mediated through the VEGFA/PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, with increased phosphorylation of angiogenesis-related proteins such as PI3K, Akt, FAK, and Src.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that QDZ promotes angiogenesis via activating the VEGFA and its downstream PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, shedding light on the mechanisms that underpin its traditional medicinal use in vascular health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119222"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified Tou Nong Powder obstructs ulcerative colitis by regulating autophagy and mitochondrial function.","authors":"Linzhen Li, Zhen Ye, Huanzhu Qian, Liulin Chen, Yu Hu, Xiaolan Liu, Jinyu Zhu, Taozhi Bao, Kumar Ganesan, Fating Lu, Juan Wang, Xudong Wen, Kaihua Qin, Qiaobo Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Modified Tou Nong Powder (MTNP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula widely used for treating body surface ulcers. Since colonic ulcers share similar pathological characteristics, MTNP has shown promising results in alleviating ulcerative colitis (UC) and has been safely used in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>This study aims to investigate how MTNP alleviates experimental colitis by inducing autophagy through the regulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, UC rat models were created using 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS). The therapeutic effects of MTNP on TNBS-induced colitis were evaluated through various methods such as disease activity index, visual examination, and histological examination of the colon. An inflammation model was also established in Caco-2 cells using H₂O₂. Western blot analysis was used to assess the expression of autophagy-related proteins, while immunofluorescence detection was employed for protein localization. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to analyze the expression of autophagy-related genes, confirming the role of MTNP in modulating the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vivo, oral administration of MTNP led to a remarkable reduction in colonic injury, inhibition of inflammatory infiltration, and improvement in the abnormal expression of inflammatory factors in colonic tissues. Furthermore, MTNP stimulated autophagy by activating the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway, thereby mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction. In vitro, exposure to MTNP drug-containing serum (MTNP-DS) resulted in a reduction of reactive oxygen species levels, improvement in mitochondrial membrane potential, and activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway, leading to the promotion of mitochondrial autophagy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate that MTNP triggers autophagy and enhances mitochondrial function, leading to the alleviation of UC in both in vitro and in vivo. These benefits are strongly linked to the activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-hyperuricemic effects of the seeds of Hovenia acerba in hyperuricemia mice.","authors":"Ya Wang, Xingjiang Liao, Jinjuan Zhang, Yaxin Yang, Yanyan Gao, Chunlei Zhang, Xiaoli Guo, Qinfeng Zhu, Jing Li, Lingling Yu, Guobo Xu, Xiang Fang, Shang-Gao Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>The seeds of Hovenia acerba water extract (HAW) are used as an edible traditional Chinese medicine to treat diseases related to hyperuricemia (HUA).</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To evaluate HAW for its anti-HUA effect and to figure out their underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The anti-HUA effects were evaluated on a mouse model by testing HAW's effects on the levels of serum uric acid (SUA), the biochemical indicators of liver and kidney function, and the histology of liver and kidney. Body weight and organ coefficients were determined for safety evaluation. RT-qPCR, Western blot and transcriptomic analysis was applied to investigate key mRNAs, proteins and signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HAW significantly reduced the serum levels of UA, ALT, AST, and xanthine oxidase (XOD) and histologically alleviated the liver damage in HUA mice with no negative effect on body weight and organ coefficients. HAW markedly inhibited hepatic XOD activity and protein expression, significantly down-regulated mRNA and protein expressions of urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), and up-regulated those of ATP transporter G2 (ABCG2) and renal organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1). RNA-seq analysis showed that 248 HUA-induced differential expression genes (DEGs) were reversed by HAW in the kidney. qRT-PCR analysis showed that regulation of the expressions of HUA-related inflammatory genes were involved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HAW possessed remarkable anti-HUA effect. The mechanism involved XOD inhibition to reduce uric acid production, up-regulation of ABCG2 and OAT1 to increase uric acid excretion, and down-regulation of GLUT9 and URAT1 to inhibit uric acid reabsorption, and regulation of HUA-related inflammatory genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119215"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angong Niuhuang Pill pretreatment alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting excessive autophagy through the SIRT1-H4K16ac axis.","authors":"Lihan Wang, Jingyi Hou, He Xu, Qingqing Cai, Liangliang Tian, Xueli Li, Jingjing Zhang, Hongjun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is an important pathological process in stroke treatment. Angong Niuhuang Pill (ANP), originating from Wenbing Tiaobian, has been shown to have neuroprotective effects, but its mechanism in alleviating CIRI remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which ANP alleviates CIRI using acetylomics and proteomics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The CIRI model was established using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Neurological deficit scoring, TTC staining, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurement, and TUNEL staining were used to assess the neuroprotective effects of ANP pretreatment on CIRI. Acetylomics and proteomics analyses were performed to identify the potential mechanisms by which ANP reduces CIRI. Finally, the role of SIRT1-H4K16ac-mediated autophagy in the neuroprotective effects of ANP was validated by using a SIRT1 inhibitor, EX527.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ANP pretreatment markedly lowered neurological deficit scores and cerebral infarct volumes, increased rCBF, and reduced apoptosis. Acetylomics and proteomics results suggested that ANP regulated autophagy at the transcriptional level by modulating H4K16ac. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses confirmed that ANP promoted the accumulation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Specifically, ANP pretreatment reduced H4K16ac levels, decreased LC3B-II/I ratios, upregulated SQSTM1/p62, and suppressed the expression of ATG5 and ATG7. The ability of EX527 to counteract these effects underscored the importance of the SIRT1-H4K16ac pathway in mediating the protective action of ANP against CIRI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ANP provides neuroprotection by modulating the SIRT1-H4K16ac pathway, thereby preventing the excessive autophagy triggered by CIRI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beaveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin combined with cinnamaldehyde enhances anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of T cells by the PGC-1α/DRP1-regulated mitochondrial biogenesis and fission.","authors":"Gui Wang, Yamei Qiao, Yunyan Zhao, Mengyang Li, Yuanyuan Song, Min Jin, Dong Yang, Danyang Shi, Haibei Li, Tianjiao Chen, Shuqing Zhou, Zhongwei Yang, Junwen Li, Weili Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Beaveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (BEA) and cinnamaldehyde (CA), primarily derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) named Bombyx batryticatus and Cinnamomum cassia, play an immunomodulatory role in different disease.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor characterized by immune dysfunction. In this study, we investigated BEA and CA's regulate ability on T cell mitochondrial metabolism and anti-HCC effect.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We used RT-qPCR, Western blot, Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), Flow CytoMetry (FCM) methods to examine BEA and CA's regulation of T cell mitochondrial function and anti-HCC ability. Furthermore, the mechanism of PGC-1α/DRP1 pathway on the morphology and function of T cell mitochondria was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our data demonstrated that the administration of BEA and CA, either alone or in combination, effectively suppressed HCC growth and mitigated T cell apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, assessed by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP level. Moreover, BEA and CA could enhance the release of tumor-killing factors (Perforin (PF) and Granzyme B (Gzm B)) from T cells, inducing H22 cell apoptosis. Additionally, BEA and CA-treated T cell reinfusion into BALB/c nude HCC mice could significantly inhibited HCC growth by promoting T cell infiltration into tumor tissue. T cell mitochondrial biogenesis/fission balance and apoptosis in tumor mice were regulated by PGC-1α/DRP1 pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings reveal that BEA and CA enhance anti-HCC effects of T cells by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and fission through the PGC-1α/DRP1 pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory properties of biflavonoids derived from Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron: Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis.","authors":"Xueyan Zhang, Lu Jin, You Wu, Bisheng Huang, Keli Chen, Wei Huang, Juan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron. has been used as ethnic drug for chronic inflammation treatment. Biflavonoids represent a crucial class of bioactive compounds recognized for their potent anti-inflammatory activity in S. moellendorffii (SM). However, the effective components, targets, and pathways that SM in anti-inflammasome remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Therefore, this study initially evaluated the effective components of SM and explored the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Firstly, a series of biflavonoids were isolated from SM, and then all compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory ability in the THP-macrophages co-stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and NLRP3 inflammasome inducers. Secondly, transcriptomic analysis and metabolomics analysis revealed the differential genes and metabolites associated with effective components treatment. Finally, molecular docking of effective components with NLRP3 was performed and western blotting was performed in order to determine the expression of related proteins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, eleven biflavonoids were successfully isolated from SM. Particularly, F7 exhibited the most potent inhibitory effect against NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated cytokines levels, cell membrane integrity and Ca²⁺ influx. Transcriptomic studies demonstrated that the differential genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in NF-κB signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Metabolomics studies that the metabolites were mainly involved the pyrimidine metabolites. Further validation analysis manifested that F7's significant downregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes and proteins expression (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), encompassing both priming (NLRP3, TNF-α, p-p65/p65) and activation stages (IL-1β, IL-18, Caspase-1, GSDMD-N/GSDMD). Moreover, NLRP3 knockdown attenuated F7-mediated inhibition of pyroptosis. Finally, in silico results showed that F7 exhibited promising predicted binding affinity towards NLRP3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, these findings revealed an anti-inflammatory material basis for SM and confirmed F7 as a potent inhibitor of pyroptosis by suppressing NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rabdosia rubescens (Hemsl.) H. Hara: A potent anti-tumor herbal remedy - Botany, phytochemistry, and clinical applications and insights.","authors":"Shiyong Gao, Jianwen Li, Weiya Wang, Yue Wang, Yanmin Shan, Huixin Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119200","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ethnopharmacological relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Traditional Chinese herbal medicine has unique advantages as anti-cancer drugs and adjuvant therapies. Rabdosia rubescens (Hemsl.) H. Hara (R. rubescens) is a traditional medicinal plant known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-angiogenic and antitumor properties. The antitumor activity of R. rubescens is widely recognized among the folk communities in Henan Province, China.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim of the study: &lt;/strong&gt;This study reviews the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, anti-tumor active ingredients, mechanisms, and clinical applications of R. rubescens, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding for its use as an anti-cancer drug and adjuvant therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We systematically searched the literature in PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI using the following keywords: \"Rabdosia rubescens\", \"Isodon rubescens\", \"traditional application\", \"anti-tumor\", \"phytochemistry\", \"anti-tumor active compounds\", \"oridonin\" and \"clinical application\". The search covered publications from 1997 to 2024. Inclusion criteria included original studies or reviews focusing on the anti-tumor properties of R. rubescens or its active components. Exclusion criteria included studies related to non-R. rubescens applications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;R. rubescens is a perennial herbaceous plant in the family Lamiaceae, mainly found in central and southern China. Historically, it has been used to treat conditions such as sore throat, cough, and excess phlegm. The plant contains various compounds, including diterpenes, triterpenes, steroids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, essential oils, amino acids, alkaloids, and polysaccharides, with diterpenes, triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids being the most active. This review identifies 50 compounds with anti-tumor properties, comprising 34 diterpenes, 2 triterpenes, 7 flavonoids, and 7 phenolic acids. Notably, besides oridonin and ponicidin, the ent-kaurane diterpenoids (20S)-11β,14β,20-trihydroxy-7α,20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-en15-one and (20S)-11β,14β-dihydroxy-20-ethoxy7α,20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-15-one demonstrate significant anti-tumor activity, attributed to their carbonyl group at C-15, hydroxyl group at C-1, and OEt group at C-20. Mechanistically, R. rubescens combats tumors by blocking the tumor cell cycle, promoting apoptosis, inhibiting cell migration and angiogenesis, inducing ferroptosis, reversing drug resistance, and enhancing radiosensitivity in tumor cells. Clinically, R. rubescens is available in various forms, including tablets, drops, syrups, capsules, and lozenges, and is primarily used for tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and stomatitis. According to the 2020 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of China, R. rubescens tablets are recognized as an adjuvant therapy for cancer. Clinical studies indicate that R. rubescens syrup, tablets, and thermal therapy can enhance cancer patient survival rates and","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cassia mimosoides L. decoction improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating the pregnane X receptor.","authors":"Jian Zhao, Yanhua Zhong, Qingyin Huang, Zhisen Pan, Yi Zheng, Deyu Miao, Siqi Liu, Penglong Chen, Changhui Liu, Min Liu, Chuangpeng Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Cassia mimosoides L. (CML) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is frequently used in the clinical practice of TCM in the Lingnan region of China for the treatment of obesity. However, it is not clear whether decoction of cassia seeds has beneficial effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates the effect of CML on NAFLD and its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The high-fat diet (HFD) was used to induce NAFLD mice, and 40 male C57BL/6J mice were divided into Control, HFD, and CML groups (CML-low 1.5 g/kg, CML-medium 2.25 g/kg, CML-high 4.5 g/kg). The mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs) of wild type (WT) and PXR^-/- mice were induced using OAPA and divided into Control, OAPA, and CML groups (10 mg/L, 100 mg/L). Glycolipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress levels were detected in vivo and in vitro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the HFD group, the CML groups demonstrated reduced body weight, triglycerides, total cholesterol, blood glucose, and mRNA levels of the lipid metabolism genes Srebp-1c and ACC1 in mice (p < 0.05 or 0.01). The ELISA results indicated that CML inhibited the production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CML increased the SOD level (p < 0.01) to improve oxidative stress. RNA-seq expression showed that CML suppressed the transcriptional level of pregnane X receptor (PXR)(p < 0.05). In vitro experiments, the protective effect of CML against OAPA-induced lipid accumulation and inflammation observed in WT MPHs disappeared in PXR^-/- MPHs (IC₅₀: 1.04 mg/mL).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CML decoction ameliorates NAFLD mainly by inhibiting the PXR signaling pathway, which provides a theoretical basis for the broad application of CML in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119199"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broad range lipidomics and metabolomics coupled with 16S rRNA sequencing to reveal the mechanisms of Huangkui Capsule against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.","authors":"Jian-Cheng Liao, Jie Xiang, Wan-Yu Gui, Hui-Zhi Luo, Qing You, Qi-Rui He, Ming-Xia Lu, Shu-Yun Yang, Qiong Wang, Jian-Dong Zou, Chang-Yin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jep.2024.119197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2024.119197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Ethnopharmacological relevance: </strong>Huangkui Capsule (HKC) is a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation. Numerous clinical studies have reported that HKC has a good nephroprotection effect. The clinical application of cisplatin is greatly limited by its nephrotoxicity, and HKC shows promise in preventing cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN).</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of HKC in alleviating CIN and explore its underlying action mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A rat model of CIN was established via single-dose injection of cisplatin. The effectiveness of HKC was evaluated by biochemical indices and pathological sections. Then, serum, kidney, and cecal endogenous metabolic profiles as well as the gut microbiota were characterized using lipidomics, metabolomics, and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technique. Spearman's correlation analysis was carried out between gut microbiota, biomarkers, and biochemical indices. Finally, antibiotic treatment was performed to establish pseudo-sterile rat model and validate the nephroprotection of HKC in a gut microbiota-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HKC could significantly attenuate the abnormal elevation of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, kidney index, and kidney injury score in CIN rats, remarkably alleviate the disturbance of metabolic profiles of serum, kidney, and cecal contents, corresponding to the endogenous metabolites such as fatty acids, phosphatidylcholines, amino acids, acylcarnitines, and short-chain fatty acids, and enrich the diversity of gut microbiota. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 was positively correlated with the altered short-chain fatty acids in serum and negatively correlated with the altered acylcarnitine in the kidney. In the pseudo-sterile rat model, the attenuation effect of HKC on the abnormal elevation of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, along with the alleviation of metabolic profile disorders, was greatly diminished or even abolished, demonstrating the nephroprotective effect of HKC in a gut microbiota-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HKC exerted the nephroprotective effect on CIN in a gut microbiota-dependent manner, mainly by regulating Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 mediated metabolisms of phosphatidylcholines, acylcarnitines, fatty acids, tryptophan and short-chain fatty acids, thereby reducing the inflammatory response. The present study could provide reliable scientific evidence for gut microbiota-dependent mechanisms of HKC in the treatment of kidney injury and may widen the clinical application of HKC in cisplatin-containing cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"119197"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142780117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}