Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Transportation of Arsenic (As) and Chromium (Cr) in some Fruits and Vegetables Plants and Variation of Nutritional Profiles due to Contamination","authors":"Suvanker Saha, S. Islam, Shamima Ahmed, Shaokat Ali, Fahad Bin Quadera, M. A. Islama","doi":"10.37421/2161-0525.2021.S5.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2161-0525.2021.S5.002","url":null,"abstract":"Contamination of Arsenic (As) and Chromium (Cr) are caused by both anthropogenic and manmade sources. These metals are highly reactive, carcinogenic and can cause severe problem with minimum amount of contamination. Agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes and environmental systems are considered significant contributors for these heavy metals transport to food chain despite their existence in natural condition. In this study, freshly prepared heavy metal solutions were used to see the overall transportation to planted vegetables and fruits. Concentrations of Cr and As were assessed in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Significant level of Chromium (Cr) contamination were found in each of the leafs of vegetable and fruit plants ranges from 5.73 mg/g-23.22 mg/g while comparatively very low level of Arsenic (As) contamination were found in same samples ranges from 0.027 mg/g- 1.283 mg/g. Due to presence of metals in leafs the nutritive value also falls and the amount of crude protein drastically decreased and the amount of crude fiber gradually increased and replaced the protein portion.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90106536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrochar for Industrial Wastewater Treatment: An Overview on its Advantages and Applications","authors":"A. Hesham, Y. Awad, H. Jahin, S. El-Korashy, Shaimaa Maher, Haitham Kalil, G. Khairy","doi":"10.37421/2161-0525.21.11.626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2161-0525.21.11.626","url":null,"abstract":"Water pollution is one of the environmental challenges facing the world society. Consequently, the pollutants both domestic and industrial wastewater are identified as an environmental threat. Hydrochar (HC) appears as a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution to this environmental threat. HC is the solid produced from the wet pyrolysis process for biomass that is rich in carbon in a sub-critical liquid phase, called the Hydro-Thermal Carbonization Process (HTC). This review aims to address the possibility of using HC as the most effective solution to the industrial wastewater. HTC has proven a greater yield than dry pyrolysis (30%-60% wt). To date, HC is listed as a promising lower-cost alternate adsorbent for removing wastewater pollutants. In Egypt for example, only few studies have been published investigating the properties of HC and its environmental applications. In this review, we will shed light on the preparation, characterization, and previous studies on the development and recent applications of HC. In addition, we will discuss the challenges to produce HC at a commercial scale. To the best of our knowledge, there is only few research studies addressing the HC production in the Middle East countries. Therefore, the door is still opened for more research on developing production techniques on HC from different biomass, and implementation in various environmental applications","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78179716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Microbial Isolates from Petroleum Effluent Polluted Site and Optimization of Culture Conditions for Cellulase Production","authors":"Ani Eberechukwu Adline, E. Chinakwe, N. U. Nwogwugwu","doi":"10.37421/2161-0525.2021.S5.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2161-0525.2021.S5.003","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial cellulases have shown potential application in various industries including: paper and pulp industry, textile, laundry, biofuel production among others. Cellulase is predominantly identified among saprophytic wood decaying Basidiomycetes sp where they participate in a cascade of processes leading to wood decay. Out of the eight strains of white rot fungi isolated from the polluted site, strains of Pleurotus sp identified using cultural methods plausibly plausible showed best potentials upon screening with standard chromogene of p-nitropheny- α-D-glucopyranoside for the production of cellulose; Cultural production parameters optimized to show best suited for the enzyme production from the white rot fungi include: Incubation days, carbon sources, nitrogen and physiological pH. Lignocellulosic sugar rice bran gave highest catabolite induction of cellulase in the fermentation media with peak activity of 105 μmol/min, and ammonium sulphates (NH4)2SO4) as nitrogen source (109.53 μmol/min). Physiological pH of 7.0 was optimal for cellulose production while incubation day7.0 was found most suitable for the extracellular cellulose production. Petroleum effluent polluted soil has potentials for heterotrophic activity for isolates of Basidomycetes and these isolates have also shown much activity for cellulase production.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79278419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Adulteration of Gasoline (MSP) and Diesel (AGO), in Selected Fuel Stations in Kisii County","authors":"O. Nyabaro, J. Kituyi, E. Okemwa","doi":"10.37421/2161-0525.2021.11.635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2161-0525.2021.11.635","url":null,"abstract":"The major transport fuels in Kenya are gasoline and diesel. A complaint on adulteration of these fuels at the point of sale or during transportation is a common occurrence in the country. The present studies on analysis of petroleum adulteration does not give a scope of what is happening at the newly and upcoming petrol stations outside the capital of city. Purposeful sampling was carried out on investigating gasoline and diesel adulteration sold at selected fuel stations in in a case study of Kisii County, and whether these products are within the standards set by Kenya bureau of Standards (KEBs). Samples of gasoline and diesel were collected from selected five fuel stations and two laboratory testing methods of ASTM D86 (Distillation) and ASTM D1298 (Density determination) were conducted at Vivo Energy Company laboratory in Nairobi. Currently, the number of fuel stations selling Gasoline and diesel is enormous in Kisii region. They involve four major oil companies namely, Shell, Total, Kenol/Kobil, Oil Libya, and now KNOCK which dominate the market as well as locally owned ones. Therefore, the sampling method that was employed to select randomly five specific filling stations comprising of one major and four Minor companies representing the population with parameters of interest, for analysis in this study.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89924065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Plant Product be Substitute for Artificial Oral Contraceptive Pills","authors":"K. Asha, Gaykar Balasaheb","doi":"10.37421/2161-0525.21.11.625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2161-0525.21.11.625","url":null,"abstract":"Contraceptive methods mean birth control and fertility control methods or devices which used to prevent pregnancy. There are many categories of birth control methods but some having negative influence or risks and some safest and healthiest options. In the present study, we surveyed 269 women from Ahmednagar region and we found that among the 269 women, 179 women were used artificial contraceptives and rest of the women were not used any type of contraceptives. According to the feedback of these women only some having satisfaction and remaining most of women are not satisfactory with these contraceptives, because of high risk of cervical cancer, blood clots, cycle irregularities, irregular bleeding, loss of sexual function, vaginal infection etc. Hence according to survey, we analyse that many women turn to birth control pills because they are not aware that there are safer options available.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88754811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Pesticide Poisoning Case Registration in Uganda’s Health Care Facilities","authors":"D. Sekabojja, A. Atuhaire, Nabankema, D. Sekimpi, C. Bainomugisa, E. Jørs","doi":"10.4172/2161-0525.10001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.10001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Over the years, synthetic pesticides use in Uganda has been on the rise mainly in combating pests, disease pathogens, and disease vectors, both in agriculture and public health. Although there is an increased import and use, the limited user knowledge has resulted into exposure to the toxic products causing both intentional and non-intentional poisonings. This study evaluates a simple tool to register acute pesticide poisoning cases in selected community health facilities. \u0000Method: In 2013, a total of 66 health care workers from 66 health facilities serving a population of 367,169 and 2.007 million in Pallisa and Wakiso districts respectively were trained on diagnosis, treatment, registration and reporting of acute pesticide poisoning. In addition over 250 members of Village Health Teams were trained to sensitise and refer any victims of pesticide poisoning to nearby health care facilities. Thereafter 1300 copies of case registration forms were distributed to trained health care workers in the 66 health facilities to capture attributes to pesticide poisonings including; patient demographic information, name of poisoning agent, type of poisoning exposure, observed signs and symptoms by patient, first aid/treatment administered, outcome of poisoning or referral to a higher facility. Partnering health facilities were visited on a monthly basis to collect filled forms and discuss any upcoming challenges. Also a feedback meeting with the health facility in charge were organised on a quarterly basis to rectify the data collection challenges. Collected data was entered, cleaned and analysed using Stata/SE14.0 Statistical package and graphs constructed with MS. Excel 13. A total of 393 acute pesticide poisoning cases were registered in 43/66 health facilities in a period of 5 years (2013-2017), with an annual average of 78.6 cases and 65.2% reporting. The mean age was 20.6 years (SD ± 17.4 years). Male cases were significantly older than females (p 30 years, 127/393 (32.3%). A majority of 215/393 (54.7%) cases were non-intentional poisoning of which 37/215 (17.2%) were occupational poisoning cases and 178/215 (82.8%) accidental poisoning cases, while 82/393 (20.9%) were intentional poisonings and the rest 96/393 (24.4%) listed among others. The health workers faced a challenge of inability to obtain names of pesticides that caused majority 301/393 (76.6%). However, known registered poisonings 58/393 (14.8%) by chemical group included; majority being Organophosphates 29/58 (50.0%), followed by Rodenticides (Coumarin & metal phosphide) 11/58 (19.0%), Pyrethroids 7/58 (12.1%), Phosphonates 5/58 (8.6%), Acaricides 3/58 (5.2%), Carbamates 1/58 (1.7%), Thiocarbamate 1/58 (1.7%) and phenoxy acids 1/58 (1.7%). \u0000Conclusion: Acute Pesticides Poisoning (APP) is an on-going health challenge that has not been prioritised yet by the country’s health sector. Organophosphate poisoning is the major cause of the poisonings. A majority of the poisonings were ac","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79226224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Highlights on Biotransformation of Toxicants","authors":"Vishal Sharma","doi":"10.37421/JEAT.2020.10.5.E525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/JEAT.2020.10.5.E525","url":null,"abstract":"Biotransformation is the procedure by which a substance changes starting with one synthetic then onto the next (changed) by a concoction response inside the body. Digestion or metabolic changes are terms much of the time utilized for the biotransformation procedure. Be that as it may, digestion is here and there not explicit for the change procedure but rather may incorporate different periods of toxicokinetics. Biotransformation is imperative to endurance since it changes ingested supplements (food, oxygen, and so forth.) into substances required for typical body capacities. For certain pharmaceuticals, it is a metabolite that is helpful and not the ingested sedate","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90977865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Highlights on ???Impact of Corona-Virus in OzoneLayer Healing???","authors":"Tarun K Mittal","doi":"10.37421/JEAT.2020.10.5.614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/JEAT.2020.10.5.614","url":null,"abstract":"Ozone layer is a slender cover like layer that spreads over the environment of the earth. The ozone layer ensures the outside of the earth and its wonders from stray beams from the sun. It permits just the necessary dosages of the sun oriented vitality to arrive at the world's surface. Man has made a decent attempt to convey defensive measures towards controlling the ozone layer from depletion, but this is so difficult to be accomplished with the quick development of industries. Most plants discharge untreated effluents to the air which might be held in the climate or respond with different molecules to make an extraordinary impact the ozone layer with time. Vitality from the sun arrives at the earth as infra-red, visible and ultra-violet (U.V.) light","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"59 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87756425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Note to the Special Issue ???COVID-19-Positive forClimate!So, Why Not We????","authors":"Rojalin Jha","doi":"10.37421/2161-0525.10.618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2161-0525.10.618","url":null,"abstract":"SARS-CoV-2 is believed to be mostly communicated legitimately from individual to-individual through close contact, or through respiratory beads delivered when a tainted individual hacks or wheezes. Individuals might be contaminated by contacting uncovered surfaces; however this isn't believed to be a significant transmission course. While temperature and stickiness may impact how long the infection makes due outside of the human body, this impact is probably going to be little contrasted with the level of contact between individuals. Physical separating and washing hands are in this way basic to breaking the chain of transmission, and are simply the best method to ensure, in all areas and all periods of the year.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"390 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76598218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Note on Impact of COVID-19 on Air Quality","authors":"Navneet Kumar","doi":"10.24105/2161-0525.10.616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24105/2161-0525.10.616","url":null,"abstract":"Across the nation lockdown because of the pandemic has prompted an extreme decrease of NO2 discharges and diminished air contamination levels. It's significant this is kept up considerably after the lockdown lifts. In the midst of the overwhelming COVID-19 pandemic, an uncommon positive has been the noteworthy worldwide decline in air contamination levels. Basically, specialists have estimated nitrogen dioxide (NO2), one of the six significant air poisons (notwithstanding particulate issue, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, ground-level ozone, and lead). NO2 has, as most different gases, normal and human sources.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73320389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}