Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology最新文献_第10页

Use of 16S rDNA Sequencing to Determine Procaryotic Diversity of a Remote Aviation Fuel-Polluted Lentic Ecosystem in Ibeno, Nigeria 利用16S rDNA测序测定尼日利亚伊贝诺偏远航空燃料污染生态系统的原核生物多样性

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-07-22 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000493

I. Udotong, M. Uko, J. Udotong

{"title":"Use of 16S rDNA Sequencing to Determine Procaryotic Diversity of a Remote Aviation Fuel-Polluted Lentic Ecosystem in Ibeno, Nigeria","authors":"I. Udotong, M. Uko, J. Udotong","doi":"10.4172/2161-0525.1000493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000493","url":null,"abstract":"Ibeno, the operational base of Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited, a subsidiary of ExxonMobil, Nigeria remains one of the most impacted communities by oil and gas activities in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Lotic and lentic systems in the region which residents rely on, receive petroleum hydrocarbon inputs almost daily due to oil spills and oily wastes discharges from operators and bunkering activities. This research was carried out to determine the prokaryotic diversity in a remote aviation fuel-polluted lentic ecosystem after 16 years of pollution using metagenomic approaches. DNA extraction from the water samples was carried out using MoBio DNA extraction Kits following the manufacturer’s instructions. Extracted DNA fragments were quantified using picogreen and by recording their UV absorption spectra using NanoDrop spectrophotometer. 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out on a Miseq Illumina sequencing platform and Quantitative Insight Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) bioinformatics pipeline. Analyses revealed the dominance of bacterial and archaeal communities in both polluted and unpolluted water samples. The polluted sample had 93.83% bacterial and 3.43% archaeal population while the control sample revealed 58.05% bacterial and 39.69% archaeal population. Dominant bacterial phyla from the polluted samples were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Chloroflexi while dominant phyla in the unpolluted samples were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. Dominant archaeal phyla from both polluted and unpolluted waters were Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. The use of 16S rDNA metagenomic approach revealed a wide variety of bacterial and archaeal diversity from both polluted and control sites, thus revealing the true ecological status of both sites.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90673614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Selected Numerical Weather Prediction Models for a Case of Widespread Rainfall over Central and Southern Nigeria 对尼日利亚中部和南部大范围降雨的若干数值天气预报模式的评价

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-07-20 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000491

Chibuzo N Agogbuo, M. Nwagbara, E. Bekele, A. Olusegun

{"title":"Evaluation of Selected Numerical Weather Prediction Models for a Case of Widespread Rainfall over Central and Southern Nigeria","authors":"Chibuzo N Agogbuo, M. Nwagbara, E. Bekele, A. Olusegun","doi":"10.4172/2161-0525.1000491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000491","url":null,"abstract":"Precipitation forecasts from four Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models are evaluated for a case of widespread rainfall event over Central and Southern Nigeria on the 21st of March 2015. The four models evaluated are the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) with a resolution of 25 km, The UKMET model 20 km, NCEP Global Forecast System (GFS) 50 km and the Weather Research and Forecast Model (WRF) with 10 km resolution. Precipitation forecasts are compared with observed precipitation at station and gridded observation points for different rainfall amount thresholds using the Method of Objective-based Diagnostic Evaluation (MODE), Grid statistics and Point Statistics. The global models ECMWF, UKMET and GFS underestimated the rainfall amount when compared to the WRF regional model. The global models recorded a critical success index (CSI) of less than 10% while the regional WRF model recorded a critical success index of 40% for rainfall amount greater than 25 mm. MODE analysis showed that the WRF model also recorded a 93% relationship between observed and forecast precipitation events of 21st March 2015 over Nigeria when compared with the ECMWF, UKMET and GFS models which showed 88%, 88% and 87% relationship respectively. Our findings suggest that dynamically downscaling a global model using the WRF model added value and gave a better skill of precipitation forecast for the event under study.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89552034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Hydrochemical and Geochemical Characteristics of Geothermal Water in Gedong Area of Guizhou Province 贵州葛东地区地热水水化学地球化学特征

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-07-10 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000488

Ban Wen-tao, Li Bo

{"title":"Hydrochemical and Geochemical Characteristics of Geothermal Water in Gedong Area of Guizhou Province","authors":"Ban Wen-tao, Li Bo","doi":"10.4172/2161-0525.1000488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000488","url":null,"abstract":"Geothermal energy is a green and renewable energy source. There are abundant geothermal resources in Gedong area of Guizhou Province, China. The Geothermal resources are controlled by regional structure. The shape of heat storage is zonal distribution. Inorder to know more about the characteristics of banded thermal reservoirs and provide reference for the development and utilization of banded thermal reservoirs in Qiandongnan area of Guizhou, on the basis of fully understanding the geothermal geological conditions in the Gedong area of Guizhou, the samples of geothermal fluid were collected and the hydrochemistry, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of regional geothermal water were analyzed. The result shows that regional geothermal water circulation is very deep. The circulation depth of geothermal water is at least 1330 m. Ground water is heated continuously by large geothermal flow during circulation and finally becomes geothermal water. The source of geothermal water supply is meteoric water and its lower limit of recharge height is 926 m. The characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of geothermal water in different geothermal wells (Springs) are different, and the main factor is elevation. The chemical composition of geothermal water is controlled by the surrounding rock of geothermal water, the dissolved specific mineral of geothermal water and the circulation of geothermal water are difference. Geothermal water in different geothermal wells (Springs) can be divided into two groups. The division is based on whether geothermal water reaches mineral equilibrium and whether it is mixed with shallow ground water.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72577563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Ecological and Functional Evaluation of Species Candidate for Heavy Metals Phytoremediation in SIN Porto Torres (Sardinia, Italy) 意大利撒丁岛sinporto Torres重金属植物修复候选物种生态与功能评价

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-06-26 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000484

C. Guarino, R. Sciarrillo

引用次数: 2

Pollution Threatens Human Fertility: It is Time to Make Our Gametes Great Again 污染威胁着人类的生育能力:是时候让我们的配子再次伟大了

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-06-26 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000482

J. Moreau, N. Gatimel, P. Vabre, J. Parinaud, R. Leandri

引用次数: 0

Occurrence and Environmental Features of Heavy Metal Elements of Coal from Coalfield in the Southeast Shanxi 晋东南煤田煤中重金属元素赋存状态及环境特征

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-06-22 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000483

Duanle Li, Dong Wang, Yi Wang, Cai-fu Ren, N.-H. Yuan

{"title":"Occurrence and Environmental Features of Heavy Metal Elements of Coal from Coalfield in the Southeast Shanxi","authors":"Duanle Li, Dong Wang, Yi Wang, Cai-fu Ren, N.-H. Yuan","doi":"10.4172/2161-0525.1000483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000483","url":null,"abstract":"The coal was sampled from No.15 coal seam in coalfield of southeast Shanxi. The Hg, As, Se, Cr and Pb occurrence in coal seam and environmental features of the heavy metal elements of coal were studied by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (ARL Quant 'X), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively couple-plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Environmental features, such as heavy metal element concentration, distribution and occurrence mode, etc., were studied by systematic determination of element concentration, inorganic element and mineral composition in coal. The results showed that the coal from No.15 coal seam had the mercury (Hg) concentration between 0.44 and 0.268 μg/g, and average Hg concentration of 0.11 μg/g; arsenic (As) concentration between 0.31 and 0.91 μg/g, 0.61 μg/g on average; selenium (Se) concentration between 0.94 and 3.56 μg/g, 2.45 μg/g on average; chromium (Cr) concentration between 9.54 and 24.58 μg/g, 17.06 μg/g on average; lead (Pb) concentration between 10.23 and 23.56 μg/g, 18.13 μg/g on average. The comparison with the Clark value showed Se was significantly enriched, As and Cr were lost, and Hg and Pb were normal. Compared with the coal from other counties and regions both at home and abroad, as was lost and other elements were normal. The elements irregularly distributed vertically. In spite of different element concentrations in adjacent coal seams, no significant enrichment occurred. The target elements mainly occurred in the form of inorganic matters except As. Hg was mainly concentrated in pyrite and clay minerals. Se, Cr and Pb were mainly concentrated in kaolinite, and Se was mainly concentrated in illite. Because of different occurrences or different forms in one mineral, the Hg, As, Se, Cr, and Pb loss rates were 99.43%, 85.91%, 77.89%, 73.81%, and 68.85% at 815°C, respectively.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72739143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Statistical Analysis of Corrosion Inhibition of Water Hyacinth on Mild Steel in an Acidic Medium 水葫芦在酸性介质中对低碳钢缓蚀性能的统计分析

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-06-20 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000481

F. Omoruwou, Okewale Ao, Owabor Cn

引用次数: 7

Microevolution on Anthropogenically Changed Areas on the Example of Biscutella laevigata Plants from Calamine Waste Heap in Poland 人为变化地区的微进化——以波兰炉甘石堆中的laevigata植物为例

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-06-19 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000479

M. Wierzbicka, M. Pielichowska, Olga Bemowska-Kałabun, P. Wąsowicz

{"title":"Microevolution on Anthropogenically Changed Areas on the Example of Biscutella laevigata Plants from Calamine Waste Heap in Poland","authors":"M. Wierzbicka, M. Pielichowska, Olga Bemowska-Kałabun, P. Wąsowicz","doi":"10.4172/2161-0525.1000479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000479","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of increasing environmental pollution, microevolutionary processes occurring in plants inhabiting anthropogenic areas play a special role. With time, these processes may lead to formation of new plant species. A good example of occurrence of microevolutionary processes on anthropogenically altered areas is the metallophyte Biscutella laevigata L. The studies have shown the existence of significant morphological, anatomical and physiological differences between two groups of the B. laevigata populations occurring in Poland – the population of calamine waste heaps in BolesA…Â‚aw near Olkusz (Silesian Upland) and the population inhabiting the Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians). The demonstrated differences are the adaptation (hereditary characteristics) of the plants to the unfavorable conditions of the calamine waste heap, i. a. high concentration of heavy metals in the soil. The research has also shown theexistence of significant differences between these two groups of populations – both at the genetic and morphological levels (a clonal form of vegetative propagation, removal of heavy metals by the oldest and drying leaves, a zinc tolerant species, trichomes accumulating metals, metal detoxification at the cellular level). The demonstrated differences between the zinc-lead (calamine) waste heap population and the Tatra Mountains population indicate the existence of the new subspecies of Biscutella laevigata subsp. woycickii on the heaps in Boleslaw, in Poland.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86933239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Energy Paradox: Simulation and Policy Recommendations for the Case of Solar Water Heater 能源悖论:太阳能热水器案例的模拟与政策建议

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-06-19 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000480

Omar Jridi

引用次数: 0

Effect of Meteorological Variables on Air Pollutants Variation in Arid Climates 气象变量对干旱气候下大气污染物变化的影响

Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-06-19 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000478

J. Radaideh

{"title":"Effect of Meteorological Variables on Air Pollutants Variation in Arid Climates","authors":"J. Radaideh","doi":"10.4172/2161-0525.1000478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000478","url":null,"abstract":"Air quality and climatic factors are closely linked through atmospheric chemical reactions and dynamic processes. This work based on a study conducted over an area of industrial plant located in Saudi Arabia during three consecutive weeks with noticeable varying meteorological parameters in the last week of survey with the main objective to examine the role of climatic factors on differences in air pollutant concentration. A systematic analysis of air pollutants including TVOC, CO, SO2, NO2, and O3 and meteorological parameters including temperature, wind speed (WS), and relative humanity (RH) was conducted for a continuous period of 3 weeks from March to mid-April 2015. Acquired results indicate most of observed key air pollutants increase with increase in relative humidity, except NO2, which experiences a decrease in concentrations simultaneous with increasing relative humidity. This survey study suggests that concentrations of TVOC concentrations increase by 201%, CO by 15.2%, SO2 by 21.6% and ozone by 16% as a direct contribution to relative humidity change. While NO2 experiences a decrease by 53.4% as a result of increase in relative humidity. Ozone exhibits only slightly spatial variation due to sudden change of meteorological variables.","PeriodicalId":15742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84447084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25