{"title":"Self-Absorption in the Digital Era: A Review of \"Self-Improvement","authors":"James J. Hughes","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v33i1.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v33i1.128","url":null,"abstract":"Mark Coeckelbergh is a Belgian philosopher who specializes in the philosophy of technology. His work primarily explores the intersection of technology and society, specifically the philosophical implications of emerging technologies such as AI and robotics. He has written on whether machines can be moral agents and how ethical frameworks should be applied to autonomous machines. He has a broad philosophical perspective drawing on classical sources, Eastern philosophy, Marxism, Foucault, phenomenology, and the postmodernists. In this short text, he brings his remarkable insights and erudition to bear on our attempts at self-improvement in the age of AI.","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115848621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sex Robots: Love in the Age of Machines","authors":"Cindy Friedman","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v33i1.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v33i1.123","url":null,"abstract":"In Sex Robots: Love in the Age of Machines (2022), Maurizio Balistreri tackles the provocative topic of sex robots. Through engaging with the most common questions and concerns that arise in discussions about sex robots, Balistreri provides a good overview and introduction to current debates while, at the same time, bringing their own opinion to the fore. Given that a decent array of topics are covered in just over 100 pages, the book doesn’t necessarily go into great philosophical detail and analysis. However, this serves well for those who are not as familiar with the topic at hand.","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123895658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nyholm, S. 2020. Humans and Robots: Ethics, Agency, and Anthromorphism. Rowman and Littlefield International. 225pp. ISBN: HB 978-1-78661-226-7","authors":"Diego Morales","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v33i1.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v33i1.122","url":null,"abstract":"Book review of Sven Nyholm's Humans and Robots: Ethics, Agency, and Anthromorphism (2020).","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123034872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Person, Thing, Robot by David Gunkel","authors":"Joshua Smith","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v33i1.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v33i1.124","url":null,"abstract":"David Gunkel has been questioning the traditional assumptions about cyberspace, machines, and artificial intelligence models for over a decade now. As a moral philosopher and communications expert, Gunkel, rightly, challenges the traditional Western ontology that has been intertwined with modern AI and robotics. In 2012, Gunkel published the first two works (The Machine Question, and 2018 Robot Rights), both of which called into question the current moral and ethical frameworks for thinking about machines. Person, Thing, Robot is the third installment to this trilogy of works. It is a work of ontology but also of deconstruction, for it takes the question of the ontology of humans and machines further by asking why objects do not fit neatly into the order of things. Gunkel also seeks to drive a hard wedge between the binaries of humans and machines that have long plagued the thinking around technology like AI and robots. How does Gunkel approach this endeavor?","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128858341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Doing’ technology ethics","authors":"Andrew P. Rebera","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v33i1.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v33i1.126","url":null,"abstract":"Ten years ago, pundits claimed that 3-D printing would change the world (D’Aveni, 2013). That this is, to put it kindly, not true yet, goes to show that claims about the impact of new technologies are always highly speculative. Today, large language models (or tools based on them) are the latest technology to promise or threaten disruption in almost every walk of life, from work to education to art. But it remains to be seen how broad, deep, and lasting the impact will be. If uncertainty surrounds even the short-term impact of technologies that, though new, are at large in society, how much more difficult is it to anticipate the ways in which technologies not yet at large might fit into, reshape, or upturn our lives? There is no shortage of work on such issues. Yet Marc Steen’s Ethics for people who work in tech, published this year by CRC Press, is a welcome addition. Steen aims to empower tech professionals—an ill-defined but arguably underserved group—to manage, and take responsibility for, the impact of the technologies they develop.","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"9 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132417874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Moving out of the Human Vivarium","authors":"Joost Mollen","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v33i1.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v33i1.103","url":null,"abstract":"Homes are increasingly being built as sensor-laden living environments to test the performance of novel technologies in interaction with real people. When people’s homes are turned into the site of experiments, the inhabitants become research subjects. This paper employs findings from biomedical research ethics to evaluate live-in laboratories and argues that when live-in laboratories function as a participant’s main residence, they constrain an individual’s so-called ‘right to withdraw’. Withdrawing from the live-in laboratory as a participant’s main residence means losing one’s home, which creates negative financial and psychological consequences for participants. I will argue that such costs conflict with a participants’ right to withdraw on two counts. First, that the exit costs from the live-in laboratory constitute a penalty, and second, that the costs of withdrawing from the live-in laboratory function as a constraint on a participant’s liberty. The paper concludes that (i) the right to withdraw is a necessary condition for the ethical permissibility of modern live in lab experiments and conclude (ii) the practice of making an experimental home as a participant’s main residence is ethically problematic.","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116982405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Rosi Braidotti’s, Posthuman Feminism","authors":"Ainhoa Rodríguez","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v32i2.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v32i2.118","url":null,"abstract":"Critiques to the universal condition of the human have defied the boundaries of the body and what is meant to be considered as “normal” or “neutral”, prompting the-so-called posthuman turn. This book, written by Rosi Braidotti, elaborates on the thought that “mainstream posthuman scholarship has neglected femist theory” (p. 2), postulating feminist theory as not only a contributor, but also as a precursor of the posthuman turn. Braidotti aims at offering a more sophisticated analysis of the reframing of the human as an embodied and embedded “heterogeneous assemblage” (p. 6), that understands the prismic nature of feminism and builds on a multiple stanpoints emergent from the birth of ecofeminism, feminist studies of technoscience, LGBTQ+ theories, black feminisms, decolonial feminisms, and Indigenous feminisms and that recognises such complexity within the structural socio-economic dynamics and upcoming environmental challenges that shape the subject.","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"42 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128867139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autonomous Weapons Systems and Force Short of War","authors":"N. Wood","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v32i2.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v32i2.115","url":null,"abstract":"Though war is never a good thing, all things considered, there are times when it is arguably justified. Most obviously, providing direct military assistance to a victim of unjust aggression would constitute a rather clear case for military intervention. However, the providing of direct military assistance may in some cases be a prospect fraught with risks and dangers, rendering it politically (and possibly even morally) difficult for states to adequately justify such action. In this article I argue that autonomous weapons systems present a way past this dilemma, providing a method for delivering direct military assistance, but doing so in a way that is less politically overt and hostile than sending one’s own combat units to aid a beleaguered state. Thus, sending autonomous weapon systems (AWS) presents an additional forceful measure short of war which states may employ, adding to the political options available for combating unjust aggression, and allowing one to provide direct assistance to victim states without necessarily bringing one’s own state into the conflict. In making this argument I draw on the current Russian invasion of Ukraine as a running example.","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116579160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"One, none, one hundred thousand AIs","authors":"Vincenzo Politi","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v32i2.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v32i2.120","url":null,"abstract":"Like many innovative technologies, AI possesses a transformational power: its implementation in society is not a neutral additive process, but it may alter in significant ways various social and cultural dynamics. Socio-ethical concerns led to the demand of designing AI devices that can be ‘trusted’. The recent publication of Machines we trust provides novel opportunities to discuss some socio-ethical issues arising from human-AI interactions. After defining the concepts of trust, trustworthiness, and reliability, and explaining in which sense it is possible to talk about ‘trustworthy AI’, I focus on two chapters of the volume that consider some concrete applications of AI. I conclude by suggesting that, instead of considering the different contributions to the volume in isolation with respect to one another, it may be illuminating to compare and contrast them. Such a way of reading the book leads us to question whether it is still possible to talk about trustworthy AI ‘in general’ or whether the discussion about the socio-ethical issues posed by AI should proceed in a piece-meal case-by-casefashion.","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125810539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond Deadlock","authors":"M. Zając","doi":"10.55613/jeet.v32i2.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v32i2.116","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to ban Autonomous Weapon Systems were both unsuccessful and controversial. Simultaneously the need to address the detrimental aspects of AWS development and proliferation continues to grow in scope and urgency. The article presents several regulatory solutions capable of addressing the issue while simultaneously respecting the requirements of military necessity and so attracting a broad consensus. Two much stricter solutions – regional AWS bans and adoption of a no first use policy – are also presented as fallback strategies in case achieving AWS’ compliance with the Laws of Armed Conflict proved elusive. Together, the solutions presented form an outline of a flexible regulatory strategy able to adjust to different technological outcomes and providing a sensible compromise to solve the current deadlock on the AWS issue.","PeriodicalId":157018,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114360779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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