Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches最新文献

{"title":"Economics of Tobacco Manufacturing in Egypt اقتصاديات انتاج التبغ والسجائر في مصر","authors":"Nashwa Eltatawy, Eman Salama","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.174072.1098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.174072.1098","url":null,"abstract":": Tobacco and Cigarette industry is one of the agricultural industries that provides a huge return to the general budget of the country, as the public sector tobacco companies represent about 14% of the total assets, 33% of the invested capital, 23% of the sales, and 63.48% of the net profit in the manufacturing sector in 2019 / 2020. The tobacco sector is one of the most important and financing sectors to the Egyptian public treasury after the Suez Canal, and the proceeds from tobacco and cigarette industry taxes contribute to supporting development plans and projects in Egypt. However, the American “Philip Morris” company broke the monopoly of the “Eastern Tobacco Company” for the manufacture of smoke and foreign tobacco in Egypt for more than 100 years after it announced the start of the production of some items through the United Tobacco Company after the latter obtained a license to manufacture in Egypt this year. Will this affect the production of cigarettes in the Egyptian market? The performance evaluation criteria of profitability, liquidity, activity, capital and human factor indicators were used, in addition to using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to estimate the technical efficiency and productivity of the overall factors for each of the public and private business sector companies producing tobacco and comparing them together. Results of the study showed an increase in the self-sufficiency rate of cigarettes with a growth rate of about 0.9%, and the value of exports and imports of cigarettes increased at a growth rate of about 49.5% and 77%, respectively, during the period. The changes in the TFP index were compared with tobacco companies of the public and private sectors, and it was found that the technical efficiency in the public sector increased compared to the private sector, where their value amounted to be 101.9% and 100%, respectively, due to the high practical experience in the public sector compared to the private sector. While the impact of technological change in the private sector increased compared to the public sector, reaching 308.2% and 266.3%, respectively. This is due to the recent entry of the private sector into the field of tobacco production and its use of newer production methods. This led to a rise in the index of total factor productivity in the private sector compared to the public sector, reaching about 308.2% and 271.4%, respectively, which means an improvement in the productivity of the total factors by 208.2% and 171.4% during (2007/2008 – 2017/2018).","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128683282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of super absorbent polymers (hydrogels) on water use parameters of Plum trees under water stress conditions","authors":"Safwat khaled, G. Khalil, M. Ali, M. Harhash, Amal ELSegieny","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.173510.1097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.173510.1097","url":null,"abstract":": The present study was conducted during two successive seasons 2019 and 2020 on five years old \"Kelsey\" Plum trees ( Prunus salicina L . ), budded on Mariana rootstock. The trees were planted in sandy soil in a private orchard located in Salah Al-Abd Village, Bostan Area, West Nubaria, Behaira Governorate, Egypt (Lat. 30.598  and Long. 30.228  ). The study was conducted to test the effect of irrigation practices;100, 80, and 60% of reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) and water retaining materials (hydrogel polymers) Barbary Plant, \"BP\" and Aqua Gool, \"AG\" at rates of 75, 100, and 125 g/tree in addition to the control treatment. The irrigation was controlled via the operating time using the drip irrigation system. The results revealed that fruit yield was improved by the application of AG and BP treatments. The treatments of AG125 and BP125 gave the highest significant values in yield and yield parameters as compared to the control (not treated trees). The increases over the control treatment were 25.65 and 27.84% for AG125 and 22.41 and 24.05% for BP125 in the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons, respectively. On the other side, the highest value of fruit yield and parameters was recorded for 100% of ET 0 treatment and then decreased with decreasing irrigation rate. The calculated crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of Plum trees reached 774.1, 619.3, and 464.5 mm during the 2019 growing season for 100, 80, and 60% of ET0, respectively. The corresponding values for the 2020 growing season are 662.3, 529.8, and 397.4 mm, respectively. The applied irrigation water of Plum trees was 3251.13, 2600.90, and 1950.68 m 3 /fed during the 2019 growing season for 100, 80, and 60% of ET0, respectively. The corresponding values were 2920.23, 2367.28, and 1813.06 m 3 /fed, respectively, for the 2020 growing season. As for the irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of Plum trees, the GA125 and BP125 treatments were found to increase IWUE by about 26.63 and 21.57% over the control treatment in the first growing season, respectively while it was 27.78 and 23.32 %, respectively in the second growing season. The treatments in terms of water use efficiency came in descending order as follows GA125, BP125, BP100, GA100, BP75 then GA75. Irrigation water use efficiency was increased under irrigation deficit by about 13.52 and 12.90% for 80 and 60% of ET 0 in the 2019 growing season, respectively as compared to 100% of ET 0 . The corresponding values for the 2020 growing season were 12.52 and 9.68%, respectively. Accordingly, the use of hydrogel as a water preservative and or deficient irrigation can be an appropriate strategy to obtain a good yield of Plum trees under conditions of water shortage, taking into account that the incomplete irrigation should be moderate, with the need to study its long-term effects on the strength of growth and productivity of trees","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127173818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory and Physical Evaluation of Cakes Substituted with Whole Zucchini and Kiwi Puree as Fat Replacers","authors":"A. Abdelrahman, Omima Shaltout, Ayman Abo Elyazid","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.175826.1100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.175826.1100","url":null,"abstract":": The link of fats to chronic diseases is well established. Over-consuming of high energy-dense foods may contribute to prevalence of obesity as well as the risk of chronic diseases. Fat replacers are used to provide some or all of the functional properties while providing fewer calories than the fat being replaced. In our study whole zucchini and whole kiwi fruit were used as fat replacer in producing low fat cakes at (25, 50, 75 and 100% replacement). The chemical analysis of raw materials showed that they both have low fat content, while zucchini has higher content of moisture, ash and crude protein content whereas kiwi had higher carbohydrate content. The cakes substituted by the different aforementioned levels with whole zucchini and kiwi showed dramatic drop in crude fat at 100% substitution and significant increase in all parameters with a significant drop in the caloric content by 24.84% in zucchini and 24.88% in kiwi cakes. According to sensory evaluation and physical measurements of weight, height, volume and specific volume of cakes, it was concluded that the highest level of substitution whether in whole zucchini or kiwi accepted by panelists reached as high as 75% substitution. Therefore, this level was tested and further evaluated for texture profile analysis, content of phenolic compounds and fatty acid profile. Texture profile test showed that, hardness cycle (1), hardness cycle (2) and gumminess significantly increased in both whole zucchini and kiwi fruit substitution as compared to control. It was noticed that the total phenolics, total flavonoids and total unsaturated fatty acid content were increased by percentage of 39.7, 136.8 and 121.63 for whole zucchini and 74.7, 92.83 and 156.52 for whole kiwi fruit, respectively. But the total saturated fatty acid content was decreased by 27.05 and 29.71 for whole zucchini and kiwi fruit, respectively.","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134192618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extension Needs of Domestic Micro-Enterprises for Rural Women الاحتياجات الإرشادية للمرأة الريفية في المشروعات الصغرى","authors":"Abo Zaid El-Habbal, Souzan Elsharbatly, Kamal Saker, Omnia Zahran","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.166418.1087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.166418.1087","url":null,"abstract":": The objective of the present research was to determine the extension needs for rural woman works in little projects of poultry production in Dalgamon village at Kafr- elziat distract- Gharbia governorate, more specifically, the objectives of the current study are to: The study comprises chapters one: introduce the research problem and the objectives, chapter two establishes a theoretical frame work and a review of literature by selecting the field of extension needs, chapter three sets forth and demonstrates the research methods, chapter four cites and discusses thematic and methodological conclusions of the study with emphasis on the findings related. Questionnaire based on personal interview was designed and administered to random samples of 100 respondents which represent (20%) of population at Dalgamon village at Kafr- elziat distract- Gharbia Governorate. Frequency distribution average, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient is used in analyzing the data","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123471586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"دراسة مقارنة بين الاداء الزراعي لمواجهة المشكلات الزراعية البيئية بمحافظتي الدقهلية والمنيا A Comparative Study between Agricultural Performance to Face Agricultural Environmental Problems in the Governorates of Dakahlia and Minya","authors":"Amira Abd Elmoaty, Raghda H. M. Salem","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.166560.1088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.166560.1088","url":null,"abstract":": The current research aimed to identify the agricultural and extension performance from the point of view of farmers in Dakahlia and Minya governorates to confront some of the studied agricultural and environmental problems. The study was conducted using the questionnaire method by personal interview of a regular random sample of 120 farmers during the period from January to April 2022. Frequencies, percentages, and Mann-Whitney test were used as tools for statistical analysis to derive the results of the research. The most important results of this research are summarized as follows and the general average of Dakahlia and Minya farmers’ awareness of the current and future severity of the studied the of the of the problems of Dakahlia and while the of the of the and by applying the for the and was (57, . - While the general average of the level of influence of the studied factors on the performance efficiency of Dakahlia and Minya farmers to face the studied agricultural and environmental problems, -The general average of the possibility of solving the studied agricultural and environmental problems from the point of view of the farmers of Dakahlia and Minya who were surveyed reached an average of and 72,2 - Finally, the results showed that there were no significant differences between the efficiency of agricultural performance of Dakahlia and Minya farmers to face the studied agricultural and environmental problems..","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124934488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiation between Tomato Fusarium Wilt Isolates by ISSR Markers and Virulence Analysis","authors":"I. Adss, Sawsan El-Shahmy, Ghoname Amer","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.168893.1090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.168893.1090","url":null,"abstract":": Fusarium oxysporum. f. sp. lycopersici (FOT) causes tomato fusarium wilt, one of the critical fungal diseases causing severe losses in tomato production in Egypt. Eight isolates of F. oxysporum . f. sp. lycopersici were isolated from infected tomato plants collected from six Egyptian governorates. FOT4, FOT2, and FOT5 isolates were highly virulent, while FOT6 and FOT8 were moderately virulent, and FOT7, FOT3, and FOT1 were weakly virulent. All tested ISSRs primers were polymorphic and produced 81 DNA loci of various molecular sizes. DNA fragment patterns analysis showed 37 monomorphic and 44 polymorphic bands, with 54.32% polymorphism between the tested isolates. Among the tested isolates, primer UMC-840 had the highest level of polymorphism (85.71%), while primer HB-13 had the lowest level (33.33%). Dendrogram and ISSR band patterns were analyzed using the UPGMA method to detect the relationship between the eight isolates. The highest genetic homology (82.9%) was observed between FOT4 and FOT3 isolates, while the lowest genetic homology (63.5%) was observed between FOT1 and FOT2 isolates. The eight isolates were classified into three main clusters (A, B, and C). Cluster A includes two sub-clusters; sub-cluster A1 is divided into two groups, group1 consists of two subgroups, subgroup1 include FOT 6 isolate, and subgroup 2 includes FOT4, FOT3, and FOT5 isolates (FOT4 and FOT5 were high virulent isolates), group2 has FOT8 isolate. Sub-cluster A2 includes FOT6 isolate. However, cluster B includes the FOT1 isolate, and cluster C includes the FOT2 isolate.","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122492970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Some Growth Stimuli on Mango Growth Performance","authors":"Mahmoud Ali, Rehab Awad, E. Ibrahim, Ramadan Abd Elbadea","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.170487.1092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.170487.1092","url":null,"abstract":": Mango ( Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most important fruit crops. The present experiment was carried out during 2020- 2021 seasons, in order to study the effect of some growth stimuli on growth behavior, nutritional status and productivity of 10-year old Keitt mango trees grown in sandy soil at a private orchard, Badr city, El-Beheira governorate, Egypt. The treatments were the control (untreated trees), chitosan at 30, 60 and 90 ppm, spermidine at 5, 10 and 20 ppm, vermicomposting leachate (VLC) at 10, 15, and 20% and potassium silicate at 400, 500 and 600 ppm and sprayed four times a month before flowering, at the beginning of flowering, at full bloom and three weeks after the contract. The obtained results showed that, all treatments caused an improve in traits under study, the highest values of the number of flowering panicle (353.3 and 352.3), the number of hermaphrodites/ panicle (695 and 696.6), hermaphrodites flowers (46 and 45.6 %), fruit set (18.4 and 18.6 %) and the number of fruits / tree (128 and 127) were obtained by 5 ppm spermidine, in the two seasons also followed by the lowest concentration of chitosan (30 ppm). The highest value of total yield was obtained by 5 ppm (70 and 71.6 kg/ tree,) and 10 ppm (67.6 and 66.3 kg/tree) concentrations of spermidine also followed by the lowest concentration of chitosan (30 ppm) in 2020 and 2021. The highest values of fruit weight (556.3 and 557.3 g.), vitamin C content (50 and 52 mg/ 100 ml juice) and leaf K content (3.3 and 3.3 % resp.) were obtained by 600 ppm potassium silicate treatment. In the meantime, the highest value of fruit TSS (%), total sugars (%) and leaf N and P content was obtained by potassium silicate at 600 ppm and VCL at 20 % treatments. As for acidity (%), the highest values were recorded when using the three concentrations of spermidine (5, 10 and 20 ppm) compared to the control, while the lowest values were obtained by using the highest concentration of VCL (20%) and potassium silicate (600 ppm) (0.20 and 0.22 %) for the two treatments, resp., in the two seasons.","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130879828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing the Values of Citizenship among Rural Youth to Maintain Community Cohesion in North Sinai تنمية قيم المواطنة لدى الشباب الريفي للمحافظة على تماسك المجتمع بمحافظــة شمــال سينــاء","authors":"Raed Salama","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.171690.1094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.171690.1094","url":null,"abstract":": The research mainly aimed to develop the values of citizenship among rural youth in North Sinai Governorate, and this goal was achieved through the following sub-objectives: Defining the concept of citizenship from the point of view of rural youth, describing the levels of citizenship values among rural youth, identifying the factors associated and specific to the values of citizenship among rural youth. Determining the obstacles to developing the values of citizenship, and the elements of developing the values of citizenship from the point of view of the rural youth surveyed. This research was conducted in three centers in North Sinai Governorate, which are the largest centers in terms of the number of rural population, and from each center the largest village in terms of population was selected. The sample size was determined according to Stephen Thompson's equation, and accordingly, the sample size was 183 respondents who were distributed to the three villages according to the percentage of each village's representation in the overall study. The data was collected using a personal interview questionnaire form during the months of January, February, and March 2021. Some statistical methods were used in analyzing and presenting the results, including numerical and relative frequencies, reliability coefficient, simple correlation coefficient, and standard partial regression coefficient in explaining and interpreting the results.","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125102087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF PROPOLIS AS NATURAL SUPPLEMENT ON PRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS","authors":"W. Dosoky, Mohamed Abdelrahman, Zainab Al-Rumaydh","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.167360.1089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.167360.1089","url":null,"abstract":": This study was carried out on 180, 1-day old, unsexed broiler chicks to evaluate the effect of propolis on growth and immunological parameters, and some biochemical parameters. Chicks were divided into 6 equal groups with 30 chicks in each group and each subgroup was allotted into 5 replicates (6 each) in a complete randomized design. The dietary treatments were control (without supplementation), Tylosin at 100 mg/kg diet (as a positive control), and propolis at levels of 100,200,300 and 400 mg/kg diet. The study resulted that adding propolis to broiler’s diets improved body weight, and body weight gain. Chicks fed on diets supplemented with propolis were significantly decrease their feed consumption. On contrary, chicks consumed the maximum quantity of feed from the control diet. The best ratio in FCR was recorded in chicks fed on 300 mg propolis. Propolis caused significant decreases (P ≤ 0.01and 0.001) in red blood cell (RBC) counts, packed cell volume (PCV), and hemoglobin (Hb). While a nonsignificant increase in white blood cell (WBCs) counts was detected. Serum total lipids, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.01) with the inclusion of different levels of propolis and Tylosin as compared to the control group. The results showed a significantly increased (P ≤ 0.001) in serum total antioxidant capacity and a significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to the control group. These results mean that supplementing the dietary with propolis might be useful in productive parameters and can be used as an alternative antibiotic in broiler diets.","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114189896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Econometric Study of The Demand for The Most Important Egyptian Agricultural Exports دراسة اقتصادية ايكونومترية قياسية للطلب على أهم الصادرات الزراعية المصرية","authors":"Sara ElGarhy, Rokaiah Gabr","doi":"10.21608/jalexu.2022.164388.1085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jalexu.2022.164388.1085","url":null,"abstract":": The research aimed to study the most important factors affecting the demand for the most important Egyptian agricultural exports, namely citrus, potatoes and onions for the five most important importing countries for these exports, namely Saudi Arabia, Germany, France, Italy and the United Kingdom. To achieve the objectives of the research, the research relied on secondary data published from various sources such as the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and the World Bank. The study also relied on the Simultaneous Equation Model in estimating the factors affecting the demand for the most important Egyptian agricultural exports. The results showed that agricultural exports are the main driver of economic growth, as the average value of agricultural crops exports amounted to about $909.8 million, with an annual growth rate of about 5.59% during the average period (1986-2019). The results also showed that there is a strong direct relationship between the value of exports of citrus, potatoes and onions and the value of Saudi Arabia's GDP, with a value of about 0.92, 0.94, 0.90, respectively, which indicates that the Saudi market is the most important market that requests these crops, as the amount of exports of these crops It increases with the increase in Saudi GDP. The research recommends the necessity of opening new export markets in addition to the current markets and working to improve the quality of these crops according to specifications and working to increase exports to the Saudi market.","PeriodicalId":156935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115475262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}