Journal of environmental radioactivity最新文献

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Using radioactive waste for targeted alpha therapy: Advancing a sovereign Australian supply of 225Ac and 212Pb 利用放射性废物进行靶向α治疗:推进澳大利亚225Ac和212Pb的主权供应
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107683
Grant B. Douglas , Darren J. Koppel , Tom Cresswell , Simon Puttick , John Phalen
{"title":"Using radioactive waste for targeted alpha therapy: Advancing a sovereign Australian supply of 225Ac and 212Pb","authors":"Grant B. Douglas ,&nbsp;Darren J. Koppel ,&nbsp;Tom Cresswell ,&nbsp;Simon Puttick ,&nbsp;John Phalen","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review outlines an opportunity to convert radioactive waste into nuclear medicine cancer treatments. Whilst focussed on Australia, parallels can be drawn to the identification and exploitation of radioactive waste internationally. Targeted Alpha (α) Therapy treatments (TATs) are emerging as a ‘game changer’ in the efficacy of nuclear medicine treatments in terms of cancer regression and remission, patient survival and quality of life. Clinically, TATs have demonstrated unprecedented efficacy in patients who have failed all other lines of radiotherapy treatment using beta-emitting isotopes. By 2030, ∼60 % of all radiotherapy treatment will be administered as TATs. Unfortunately, few cancer patients receive this treatment due to a limited sovereign and global supply of precursor radionuclides. This review focusses on the identification of radioactive waste streams that may allow the separation of <sup>228</sup>Ra and <sup>226</sup>Ra isotopes. Radionuclide transmutation allows production of <sup>225</sup>Ac and <sup>212</sup>Pb as key therapeutic TATs. Key findings indicate that the viability of creating theranostic isotopes from radioactive waste will depend on; identifying suitable sources to eliminate sovereign supply risk; securing access to, or ownership of, suitable sources; radionuclide activity within source; composition and mineralogy influencing extraction and selectivity for target radionuclides; safe residue disposal; volume/mass of current or legacy sources; regulatory and policy guidance; risk profile; advocacy from peak medical associations; and, investment capital to establish infrastructure and pilot production facilities. Prospective sources for the target <sup>228</sup>Ra and <sup>226</sup>Ra isotopes include; reverse osmosis brine reject, barren lixiviant or tailings derived from uranium mining; oil and gas industry scales or produced waters, critical mineral processing solutes and solids; and legacy research sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Presence, distribution, and origin of radioisotopes in rock, soil, and groundwater in Central Mexico: implications of ionizing radiation for health 墨西哥中部岩石、土壤和地下水中放射性同位素的存在、分布和来源:电离辐射对健康的影响
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107701
Adrián Ortega-Guerrero
{"title":"Presence, distribution, and origin of radioisotopes in rock, soil, and groundwater in Central Mexico: implications of ionizing radiation for health","authors":"Adrián Ortega-Guerrero","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several sources of environmental radioactivity in central Mexico were investigated for their potential association with health by assessing gamma dose rates, trace elements in rocks, gamma ray energy spectra, radon and thoron activity in groundwater, soil-air, and dwellings, and previously unpublished data on uranium, thorium, and enriched-tritium concentrations dissolved in groundwater. Results of the screening studies show that the predominant rocks are ignimbrites of rhyolitic composition contain <sup>238</sup>U and <sup>232</sup>Th. These rocks outcrop in hills and surrounding mountains and extend to depth where they constitute a fractured aquifer, which underlies a granular one, whose constituents and permeable soils also contain <sup>238</sup>U and <sup>232</sup>Th and their decay series. Gross Alfa Activity and <sup>222</sup>Rn are present in groundwater for human consumption above the Maximum Contaminant Level suggested by the US Environmental Protection Agency, reaching the lower threshold for uranium ores and mining in northern Mexico. <sup>222</sup>Rn and <sup>220</sup>Rn were also measured in soil-air and in dwellings. Rhyolitic-ignimbrites have been used in industrial applications since the 1960s, and milling and tailing operations contain radionuclides that can be transported by air or leached into groundwater. The combined exposure to various sources of radioactivity and metals, primarily the use and ingestion of groundwater and dust may impact the human health in the study area, in addition to the inhalation of <sup>222</sup>Rn-<sup>220</sup>Rn and dust. Additional and detailed research should be done for long-term measurements and risk assessment for radiological protection, also considering the evaluation and combined exposure to industrial and agricultural contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lead-210 in environmental samples –a review on the status and progress on its determination 环境样品中铅210的测定现状及进展
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107705
Josephine T. Kristensen , Xiaolin Hou
{"title":"Lead-210 in environmental samples –a review on the status and progress on its determination","authors":"Josephine T. Kristensen ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead-210 (<sup>210</sup>Pb) is an integral component of the uranium-238 decay series and distributed throughout the environment. The interest for determining <sup>210</sup>Pb comes from many tracer applications of the radionuclide, where one of the most useful applications is sediment dating. Meanwhile, the radiation risk through internal exposure is another concern due to its high radiotoxic daughters. The conventional approaches for <sup>210</sup>Pb quantification have relied upon radiometric methods, an interest in using mass spectrometry for its measurement has been increased in the recent years. This article aims to present a critical review on different aspects for the determination of <sup>210</sup>Pb, including preconcentration and separation of lead from environmental samples, followed by a comparison of the conventional radiometric methods to the mass spectrometry for its measurement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143921971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sorption of Se(IV) on Gaomiaozi bentonite: Batch and spectroscopic studies 高庙子膨润土对硒(IV)的吸附:批处理和光谱研究
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107721
Wanqiang Zhou , Fan Wang
{"title":"Sorption of Se(IV) on Gaomiaozi bentonite: Batch and spectroscopic studies","authors":"Wanqiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Fan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Se-79 is regarded as one of the scarce radionuclides with a protracted half-life. Exploring the sorption behaviors of selenium on bentonite is critical for the safe disposal of radioactive waste. The sorption of Se(IV) on Gaomiaozi bentonite at a low concentration (7 × 10<sup>−8</sup> M) was systematically studied to set reliable parameters in this work by batch sorption method and spectroscopic techniques. The factor of pH, ionic strength, initial Se(IV) concentrations, solid-to-liquid ratio and the addition of uranyl ions were investigated. The sorption results indicate that Gaomiaozi bentonite exhibited remarkable sorption capacity towards selenium under conditions of acidic pH and high ionic strength. The XPS spectra reveal that Se(IV) remains stable on bentonite surface and there is no redox reaction observed between Se(IV) and bentonite. The possible sorption mechanism is interpreted based on species calculation and photon correlation spectroscopy. In detail, the positively charged electric double layer surrounding the surface of the lamellae will “spill over” when the ionic strength is low, thereby encircling the edge site area of bentonite. Therefore, the selenium anion is difficult to enter, leading to a low sorption capacity. The aggregation state of bentonite particles does not primarily govern the sorption behavior of Se(IV). Overall, this work may provide valuable information on sorption mechanism of Se(IV) at the bentonite/water interface and help us understand the geochemical behaviors of Se(IV) in repository environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143921972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiocaesium soil-to-plant transfer: a meta-analysis of key variables and data gaps on a global scale 放射性铯从土壤到植物的转移:全球尺度上关键变量和数据缺口的荟萃分析
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107704
Margot Vanheukelom , Mark Mng'ong'o , Floris Abrams , Surya Gupta , Talal Almahayni , Lieve Sweeck (deceased) , Jos Van Orshoven , Erik Smolders
{"title":"Radiocaesium soil-to-plant transfer: a meta-analysis of key variables and data gaps on a global scale","authors":"Margot Vanheukelom ,&nbsp;Mark Mng'ong'o ,&nbsp;Floris Abrams ,&nbsp;Surya Gupta ,&nbsp;Talal Almahayni ,&nbsp;Lieve Sweeck (deceased) ,&nbsp;Jos Van Orshoven ,&nbsp;Erik Smolders","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A harmonized, publicly accessible database of worldwide observations and experiments on radiocaesium transfer from soil to plants is lacking. Such a database is needed for evaluating and establishing transfer models, especially for regions with limited research but operational or planned nuclear reactors. Therefore, we systematically screened the literature for radiocaesium soil-to-plant transfer factors (CR, i.e., concentration ratios), extracted data that met the criteria for experimental soundness, relevance, and traceability, and compiled a harmonized database. The database included 7,182 CR data points and associated variables from 139 source documents. The CRs ranged from 0.000028 to 380 kg kg<sup>−1</sup>, with the highest CR observed with soils from tropical climates and the lowest with soils from temperate climates. However, data from tropical (<em>N</em> = 411) and arid climates (<em>N</em> = 335) remained limited. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that CRs were most influenced by the specific study (methods and designs) in which the data were obtained, followed by soil properties and plant species-based categories. On a subset (<em>N</em> = 199) that contained all variables required for semi-mechanistic models, it was found that these models fitted the CR data rather well (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.42–0.50). Slightly better predictions with the same data were found with a random forest model (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.51) or a statistical mixed-effects model (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.58). More adequate machine learning models could not yet be created due to insufficient reliable data. The harmonized database in this study can be further completed and analyzed to support machine learning applications and improve impact assessments of food chain contamination following accidental radiocaesium deposition on agricultural land.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurements of the natural background of radioxenon isotopes in soil gas 土壤气体中放射性氙同位素自然本底的测量
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107711
M. Aldener, K. Elmgren, T. Fritioff, H. Olsson, L. Karlkvist, J. Kastlander, C. Söderström
{"title":"Measurements of the natural background of radioxenon isotopes in soil gas","authors":"M. Aldener,&nbsp;K. Elmgren,&nbsp;T. Fritioff,&nbsp;H. Olsson,&nbsp;L. Karlkvist,&nbsp;J. Kastlander,&nbsp;C. Söderström","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radioisotopes of xenon are used as indicators for an underground nuclear explosion (UNE), and it is essential to be able to distinguish a potential signal from an UNE from the natural background, i.e. from spontaneous fission of uranium. The natural occurring background of radioxenon isotopes have been studied in Sweden in three separate campaigns in the period 2019–2022. In total more than 100 samples were collected and analysed for radioxenon and especially <sup>133</sup>Xe was detected in most of the samples. This gives a good data set for understanding of the natural background of xenon in the soil. The extended sampling was performed with the goal to study any potential trend with different weather conditions, e.g. ambient pressure and rainfall, and during different seasons. The sampling method and logistics were optimized over the years to improve the sensitivity of the most short-lived isotope in this study, <sup>135</sup>Xe. One method was to shorten the time between collection and measurement which lead to the first detections of <sup>135</sup>Xe in the natural background of soil gas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment of radon risk awareness among undergraduate students at Mkwawa University College of Education, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚姆瓦瓦大学教育学院本科生氡风险意识评估
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107712
Karim Haji Shabani , Rosemary Martin Sesala , Masanja Kashindye Andrea , Amos Vincent Ntarisa , Chakupewa Joseph Mpambije
{"title":"Assessment of radon risk awareness among undergraduate students at Mkwawa University College of Education, Tanzania","authors":"Karim Haji Shabani ,&nbsp;Rosemary Martin Sesala ,&nbsp;Masanja Kashindye Andrea ,&nbsp;Amos Vincent Ntarisa ,&nbsp;Chakupewa Joseph Mpambije","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radon is a by-product of decayed uranium and thorium isotopes, which are naturally occurring radionuclide with extremely long half-lives. It is rated as the second cause of lung cancer after tobacco cigarette smoking. This study assesses knowledge and awareness of health risks associated with radon among undergraduate students at Mkwawa University College of Education (MUCE) by using questionnaires. A structured questionnaire with 36 items was administered to 403 respondents at MUCE. Information was collected on the demographic variables of the respondents as well as knowledge and awareness of health risks associated with radon among undergraduates at MUCE. Data were analysed by using descriptive statistics. Respondents included 204 (50.6 %) females and 199 (49.4 %) males. Findings revealed that 257 (63.8 %) of the respondents had no knowledge of radon gas and had not even heard about it before this study, while only 146 (36.2 %) of the respondents had heard about radon gas. Moreover, 285 (70.7 %) of the respondents were not aware that radon gas can cause health effect, and only 118 (29.3 %) of the respondents were aware about health effect of radon gas. Likewise, only 145 (36 %) of the respondents were aware about the risks of radon gas, while 258 (64 %) of the respondents were not aware about the risk of radon as the second cause of lung cancer after tobacco smoking. This study suggests the need to increase public education and awareness campaigns on radon and its associated risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107712"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Uptake and elimination of 137Cs in aquatic biota inhabiting a contaminated effluent canal 受污染排水渠中水生生物群对137Cs的吸收和消除
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107697
Kathryn A. Quinlin , Danielle Hill , Xiaoyu Xu , James C. Beasley
{"title":"Uptake and elimination of 137Cs in aquatic biota inhabiting a contaminated effluent canal","authors":"Kathryn A. Quinlin ,&nbsp;Danielle Hill ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Xu ,&nbsp;James C. Beasley","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiocesium (<sup>137</sup>Cs) is among the most prevalent and concerning radionuclide released from anthropogenic activities due to its relatively slow decay time and high bioavailability. Numerous studies have reported activity concentrations of <sup>137</sup>Cs in exposed biota, but few have assessed detailed toxicokinetics. The objective of our study was to quantify and compare the uptake and elimination of <sup>137</sup>Cs in aquatic taxa from multiple classes with different ecological roles inhabiting a canal contaminated from nuclear production activities on the Savannah River Site in South Carolina, USA. We tracked accumulation and elimination of <sup>137</sup>Cs in four understudied aquatic species: one aquatic macrophyte [American white water lily (<em>Nymphae odorata</em>)<em>,</em> two benthic associated omnivorous species (American bullfrog (<em>Lithobates catesbeianus</em>) and red swamp crayfish (<em>Procambarus clarkii</em>)<em>,</em> and one pelagic carnivorous fish (Eastern mosquitofish (<em>Gambusia holbrooki</em>)]. We monitored accumulation of <sup>137</sup>Cs from initial exposure until equilibrium for biota restricted within the canal and subsequently tracked elimination of <sup>137</sup>Cs over time by moving organisms from the canal to a nearby reference pond. Results indicated bullfrog tadpoles reached 95 % equilibrium in approximately 9 days, the fastest among the species evaluated. After bullfrog tadpoles, the next fastest time to equilibrium was achieved by red swamp crayfish (51 days) followed by mosquitofish (86 days). At equilibrium, bullfrog tadpoles were found to have similar <sup>137</sup>Cs activity concentrations to mosquitofish (3.16 and 3.57 Bq/g, respectively), and both were significantly higher than red swamp crayfish (1.77 Bq/g). For elimination, we found biological half-lives to range between 8 and 43 days with bullfrog tadpoles eliminating <sup>137</sup>Cs the fastest followed by water lilies, mosquitofish, and red swamp crayfish. Overall, we found the uptake and elimination of <sup>137</sup>Cs to vary widely among our studied species, but benthic organisms are not at an increased risk to accumulate <sup>137</sup>Cs compared to organisms in less frequent contact with the sediment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107697"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prediction of anthropogenic 129I in the South China Sea based on machine learning 基于机器学习的南海人为129I预测
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107710
Jinxiao Hou , Tong Zhang , Yanyun Wang , Haitao Zhang , Xiaolin Hou
{"title":"Prediction of anthropogenic 129I in the South China Sea based on machine learning","authors":"Jinxiao Hou ,&nbsp;Tong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanyun Wang ,&nbsp;Haitao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid increase in the number of nuclear power plants along the China coast and the potential for releases of radioactive substances to marine ecosystems, it is important to investigate and predict the dispersion of radionuclides in the seas and assess their radiological risks. Due to iodine's high solubility in water, and the high fission yield and long half life of <sup>129</sup>I, it has been widely used for investigation of anthropogenic radioactive pollution dispersion in the marine environment. This work established a method to predict the dispersion of anthropogenic <sup>129</sup>I in the seas by machine learning. Two models: 1) a Random Forest model, and 2) a Support Vector Machine model, which were developed using measured <sup>129</sup>I and <sup>127</sup>I values from seawater in the northwestern South China Sea. Spearman analysis was employed to investigate the influence of various environmental parameters on <sup>129</sup>I levels, with water depth, temperature, and salinity identified as the main parameters affecting <sup>129</sup>I levels. The sensitivity of machine learning model outputs to different environmental parameters was determined; with salinity being the most significant parameter. Both models demonstrated good prediction performance as seen in comparisons of predicted data with measurement values (R<sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.83). Based on a comprehensive evaluation of model metrics, the Random Forest model slightly outperformed the Support Vector Machine model. The model can be easily applied to predict the dispersion of soluble anthropogenic radionuclide in marginal seas, providing an effectively technical support for radiological risk assessment and emergency responses of nuclear pollution and accidents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107710"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Which radionuclides contribute most to seafood ingestion dose? 哪些放射性核素对海鲜摄入剂量贡献最大?
IF 1.9 3区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107706
Mathew P. Johansen , Justin P. Gwynn , Julia G. Carpenter , Sabine Charmasson , Airi Mori , Blake Orr , Marie Simon-Cornu , Iolanda Osvath , Paul Mc Ginnity
{"title":"Which radionuclides contribute most to seafood ingestion dose?","authors":"Mathew P. Johansen ,&nbsp;Justin P. Gwynn ,&nbsp;Julia G. Carpenter ,&nbsp;Sabine Charmasson ,&nbsp;Airi Mori ,&nbsp;Blake Orr ,&nbsp;Marie Simon-Cornu ,&nbsp;Iolanda Osvath ,&nbsp;Paul Mc Ginnity","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiological ingestion doses from eating seafood are regularly evaluated near coastal nuclear facilities, following accidents/events and frequently in national studies worldwide. However, a recent global review found that published seafood doses varied greatly depending on which radionuclides were selected for evaluation and that there has been a tendency to omit important radionuclides or focus on less significant ones. This indicates a need for clear guidance on which radionuclides to prioritise in such studies. Here, we use worldwide data for 16 key radionuclides contributing to typical background seafood ingestion dose. We account for the loss of radionuclides during cooking and the radioactive decay of the short-lived <sup>210</sup>Po.</div><div>Results indicate that for the typical world consumer, naturally-occurring radionuclides account for &gt;99 % of the total seafood ingestion dose, of which about 84 % comes from <sup>210</sup>Po and 8 % from <sup>210</sup>Pb. About 5 % comes from <sup>228</sup>Ra, a far greater proportion than the more frequently-assessed <sup>226</sup>Ra (&lt;1 %). Other Th- and U-series radionuclides provide far lower contributions (0.07 %–0.70 %), while <sup>14</sup>C provides about 0.09 %. In comparison, the contribution to total seafood ingestion dose from background anthropogenic radionuclides is &lt;1 %, with <sup>137</sup>Cs contributing most (0.08 %) and <sup>90</sup>Sr, <sup>99</sup>Tc, <sup>110m</sup>Ag and <sup>239</sup>Pu adding a further 0.05 % together. These percentage contributions to dose can vary somewhat depending on consumption patterns (e.g., differing proportions of fish, bivalves, etc.). However, <sup>210</sup>Po is the dominant contributor irrespective of country-specific diets or restricted diet scenarios (fish-only, seaweed-only, etc.). Study results provide new guidance to improve the design, interpretation and communication of seafood ingestion dose assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107706"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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