Roger S Holmes, Kimberly D Spradling-Reeves, Laura A Cox
{"title":"Mammalian Glutamyl Aminopeptidase Genes (ENPEP) and Proteins: Comparative Studies of a Major Contributor to Arterial Hypertension.","authors":"Roger S Holmes, Kimberly D Spradling-Reeves, Laura A Cox","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000211","DOIUrl":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glutamyl aminopeptidase (ENPEP) is a member of the M1 family of endopeptidases which are mammalian type II integral membrane zinc-containing endopeptidases. ENPEP is involved in the catabolic pathway of the renin-angiotensin system forming angiotensin III, which participates in blood pressure regulation and blood vessel formation. Comparative ENPEP amino acid sequences and structures and ENPEP gene locations were examined using data from several mammalian genome projects. Mammalian ENPEP sequences shared 71-98% identities. Five N-glycosylation sites were conserved for all mammalian ENPEP proteins examined although 9-18 sites were observed, in each case. Sequence alignments, key amino acid residues and predicted secondary and tertiary structures were also studied, including transmembrane and cytoplasmic sequences and active site residues. Highest levels of human ENPEP expression were observed in the terminal ileum of the small intestine and in the kidney cortex. Mammalian ENPEP genes contained 20 coding exons. The human ENPEP gene promoter and first coding exon contained a CpG island (CpG27) and at least 6 transcription factor binding sites, whereas the 3'-UTR region contained 7 miRNA target sites, which may contribute to the regulation of ENPEP gene expression in tissues of the body. Phylogenetic analyses examined the relationships of mammalian ENPEP genes and proteins, including primate, other eutherian, marsupial and monotreme sources, using chicken ENPEP as a primordial sequence for comparative purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5995572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36220626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Significances of OMV and Extracellular Vesicle Proteomics","authors":"V. Tiwari","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0602.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"Outer Membrane Vesicle (OMV) proteome has been involved into the pathogenesis of diseases and resistance of microorganisms against a number of antibiotics, mechanism of action of probiotics and host-pathogen interaction etc. We have enlightened the role played by extracellular vesicles proteomics in the pathogenesis of different diseases related to human. Isolation succeeded by purification of ample amount of OMV from biological samples, is one of the most important steps for further proteome related analysis. With the development of both labelled and label-free methods used in proteomics, significant progress has been made in previous years in membrane proteomics. Hence, it is important to review the biological significance of proteins found in the OMV fractions using membrane proteomics approach. We have also explained methods used for isolation, purification and quantification of OMV. In the present review, it can be concluded that proteomic study of outer membrane and extracellular vesicles has now gained priority for the detailed study of disease pathogenesis, drug resistance, vaccine development, cell signalling etc.","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74492010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quick Reliable Exploration of the PDB Universe Seeks a New Template Search Algorithm","authors":"Sunil Nahata, Ashish Runthala","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0602.1000206","url":null,"abstract":"Near-native protein structure prediction through Template Based Modelling (TBM) has been a major realistic goal of structural biology for several years. The TBM algorithms require the best-set of templates for a target protein sequence to maximally cover it and construct its correct topology. However, the accuracy of such prediction algorithms suffers from the algorithmic and logical problems of our template search measures which fail to quickly screen reliable structures for a target sequence. In this study, we employ the culled PDB95 dataset of 41,967 templates to predict the CASP10 target T0752 models for assessing the efficiency of the usually employ search engines PSI-BLAST and HHPred. Our analysis presents a detailed study in order to open new vistas for improving the accuracy of TBM prediction methodologies. It reveals weaknesses of most popular template search measures and thereby briefly provides a significant insight into the qualities of a foreseen template search algorithm to illustrate the need for a more reliable template search algorithm.","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"52 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84696566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative and Evolutionary Studies of Mitochondrial and CytoplasmicPyrophosphatase (PPA) Genes and Proteins","authors":"R. Holmes, Kimberly D. Spradling-Reeves, L. Cox","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0602.1000205","url":null,"abstract":"Inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPA; PPase) (EC: 3.6.1.1) is a member of the diphosphatase enzyme family which functions as a diphosphate hydrolase within the cytoplasm (PPA1) and mitochondria (PPA2) of vertebrate tissues. PPA1 and PPA2 amino acid sequences and structures and PPA-like gene locations were examined using bioinformatic data from several genome projects. Sequence alignments and key conserved amino acid residues were also studied (human PPA2 residues identified): the mitochondrial signal peptide (1-31); and active site residues responsible for Mg2+ binding (164Asp, 169Asp and 201Asp), substrate binding (127Arg) and serving as the proton donor site (138Tyr). Predicted 2D and 3D structures were identified for vertebrate PPA1 and PPA2 using the reported yeast PPA1 structure (PDB: 1E9G). Vertebrate PPA1 and PPA2 genes usually contained 11 or 12 coding exons, respectively, with an extended exon 1 and an additional exon 3 observed for vertebrate PPA2 genes. Transcription factor binding sites and CpG104 were identified within the human PPA2 gene promoter; and MiR-590 for the PPA2 3’UTR. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that an ancestral invertebrate PPA gene underwent a gene duplication event to form 2 separate lines of vertebrate gene evolution: PPA1 and PPA2.","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75695416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic Predictive Scores in Heart Failure: Possibilities and Expectations","authors":"Alex, er E. Berezin","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000E127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0602.1000E127","url":null,"abstract":"Heart failure (HF) remains a major health problem worldwide. Currently used HF risk prediction scores based on clinical findings, echocardiography features, biomarkers cannot propose an individualized approach to risk stratification, whereas there is variability in predictive value of different scores amongst patients with various HF phenotypes. The editorial commentary is devoted the role of the genetic risk prediction scores in the predisposition of HF development and assay in the HF medical care response. The brand new risk scores reflecting variabilities in genetic and epigenetic features in HF development are discussed also","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"78 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76085221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proteomics: An Indispensable Tool for Novel Biomarker Identification in Melanoma","authors":"P. Mittal, Manish Jain","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0602.1000204","url":null,"abstract":"Melanoma is a prevalent disease with a high mortality rate. The advent of proteomics has enabled the identification of various prognostic and diagnostic melanoma biomarkers, fulfilling a vital need. The development of various protein fractionation and analysis tools has advanced the role of proteomics in analyzing complex protein samples obtained from melanoma patients. Proteomics is also being utilized to help guide drug design and the development of treatment algorithms. Ultimately, proteomics-based methodologies have proven to be paramount to the success of research being done on melanoma and the drugs used for treatment. These techniques will continue to shed light on the mechanisms of action driving therapeutic efficacy and toxicity, in hopes of extending survival and improving patient outcomes and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"44 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90833354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Kaur, M. Verma, Pavan K. Chaduvula, S. Saxena, Nikita Baliyan, Alim Junaid, A. Mahato, N. Singh, K. Gaikwad
{"title":"Insights into PPR Gene Family in Cajanus Cajan and Other Legume Species","authors":"P. Kaur, M. Verma, Pavan K. Chaduvula, S. Saxena, Nikita Baliyan, Alim Junaid, A. Mahato, N. Singh, K. Gaikwad","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0602.1000203","url":null,"abstract":"PPR proteins comprises of several hundred members among land plants and govern a fascinating array of functions in organeller genomes that ranges from participation in stabilization of organeller transcripts, RNA editing to fertility restoration of CMS lines. Despite the availability of genome sequences of several legume species, comprehensive cataloguing of members of PPR gene family has not been carried out. In the current study, we identified 523, 830, 534, 816, 441 and 677 PPR proteins in Cajanus, Glycine, Phaseolus, Medicago, Vigna and Cicer genomes, respectively and their complete in silico categorization was undertaken to classify them into various sub-classes and their localization prediction. Chromosomal coordinates of 271 Cajanus PPR genes were predicted and their homologues were identified in 5 other legumes revealing extensive genome conservation. PPR genes of all 6 legume species were further probed to identify restorer of fertility-like PPRs (RFLs) on the basis of protein clustering and followed by homology searches to already known Rf-PPR genes. Seventy RFL PPR genes (P sub-class) were identified and were scrutinized by phylogenetic analysis which revealed extended similarity and common features shared by these RFLs across the species. Some of these RFL PPRs were present as small clusters in Glycine, Phaseolus, Vigna and Cicer genomes. This study has generated a knowledge base about PPR gene family in legumes and opens several avenues for future investigations into their molecular functions, evolutionary relationships and their potential in identifying markers to enable cloning of Rf genes.","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73620254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genomics and Proteomics Studies of Zolpidem, Necopidem, Alpidem, Saripidem, Miroprofen, Zolimidine, Olprinone and Abafungin as Antitumor, Peptide Antibiotics, Antiviral and Central Nervous System (CNS) Drugs","authors":"A. Heidari","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000E125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0602.1000E125","url":null,"abstract":"Zolpidem, Necopidem, Alpidem, Saripidem, Miroprofen, Zolimidine, Olprinone and Abafungin (Figure 1) have severed as rich sources of variety of medicinal, pharmaceutical, anti-tumor, antibiotics and antiviral drugs (Figure 2) and biological properties [1-18]. These compounds represent an important class of Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus and Sulfur heterocyclic and they constitute useful intermediates in organic synthesis [19-39]. Zolpidem, Necopidem, Alpidem, Saripidem, Miroprofen, Zolimidine, Olprinone and Abafungin have proven to be very versatile reagents for heterocyclization and many diverse products can be prepared from the addition of these compounds to Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus and Sulfur containing compounds.","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82412373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epigenetic Modifications the Development of Different Heart Failure Phenotypes","authors":"Alex, er E. Berezin","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0602.1000202","url":null,"abstract":"Heart failure (HF) remains a leading cause of death in patient population with known cardiovascular disease. Within last two decades there are evidences regarding decline to determine newel cases with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in developed countries, whereas the frequency of newly-diagnosed HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) exhibits dramatically rise. Epigenetic modification is considered a modification of the non- DNA sequences related heritable changes in gene expression of target cells. Epigenetic modifications affect several molecular mechanisms, i.e., DNA methylation and deactylation, ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling, histone modifications, and microRNA regulation. The short commentary is clarified the implication of epigenetic modifications in development of different HF phenotypes.","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84139708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decrypting the Treasures of Regulatory Non-coding RNAs in Highthroughput Era","authors":"Bibekan, Mallick","doi":"10.4172/2153-0602.1000E124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0602.1000E124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73317368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}