Chao Feng, Xinyi Li, Liqiong Chang, Jie Xiong, Xiaojiang Chen, Dingyi Fang, Baoying Liu, Feng Chen, Zhang Tao
{"title":"Material Identification with Commodity Wi-Fi Devices","authors":"Chao Feng, Xinyi Li, Liqiong Chang, Jie Xiong, Xiaojiang Chen, Dingyi Fang, Baoying Liu, Feng Chen, Zhang Tao","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3275194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3275194","url":null,"abstract":"Target material identification is playing an important role in our everyday life. This paper introduces a device-free target material identification system, implemented on ubiquitous and cheap commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) Wi-Fi devices. The intuition is that different materials produce different amounts of phase and amplitude changes when a target appears on the line-of-sight (LoS) of a radio frequency (RF) link. However, due to multipath and hardware imperfection, the measured phase and amplitude of the channel state information (CSI) are very noisy. We thus present novel CSI pre-processing schemes to address the multipath and hardware noise issues before they can be used for accurate material sensing. Comprehensive real-life experiments demonstrate that we can identify 10 commonly seen liquids at an overall accuracy higher than 95% with strong multipath indoors.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114192730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploiting WiFi Guard Band for Safeguarded ZigBee","authors":"Yoon Chae, Shuai Wang, S. Kim","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3274835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3274835","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-technology interference (CTI) from dense and prevalent wireless has become a primary threat to low-power IoT. This paper presents G-Bee, a CTI avoidance technique that uniquely places ZigBee packet on the guard band of ongoing WiFi traffic, which effectively safeguards the packet from WiFi interference. Such design ensures reliable ZigBee communication even under saturated WiFi traffic where traditional ZigBee is considered inoperable. Technical highlight is in lighweight WiFi guard band capture mechanism using ZigBee PHY layer samples directly accessible in various commercial ZigBee chip. Another exclusive feature of G-Bee is spectrum-synchronized low duty cycling - by utilizing guard bands of periodic WiFi beacons, active slots are effectively synchronized to spectrum availability (i.e., guard band) for significant delay improvement. Extensive evaluations on our prototype system demonstrates G-Bee PRR over 95% where legacy ZigBee drops to below 15% under significant interference with hundreds WiFi users and reduction of low duty cycle delay by 87.5%, all of which are achieved with a light computational overhead of 0.3%.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123695230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jian Zhang, Heng Zhang, Yanlong Wang, Liling Bo, Jing Sun
{"title":"Automatic Detection of Minimal Repeated Pattern in Printing Fabric Images","authors":"Jian Zhang, Heng Zhang, Yanlong Wang, Liling Bo, Jing Sun","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3275178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3275178","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of minimal repeated pattern (MRP) is an indispensable ingredient of the color dividing and plate-making system in the IoT-based printing fabric industry. We present a minimal repeated pattern detection problem and then design an effective and efficient neighbor similarity point location (NSPL) method for automatic detection of PRP. We theoretically reveal the effective working mechanism of NSPL and provide a specific implementation by transforming it into a sub-pattern retrieval problem. Evaluation on the printing fabric image set and the experimental results demonstrate that the NSPL is very suitable for the detection of the minimal repeated pattern of printed images and achieves greater performance than the manual and other existing automatic detection methods in detection accuracy, efficiency, and robustness.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128242479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ECRT","authors":"Zhihe Zhao, Zhehao Jiang, Neiwen Ling, Xian Shuai, Guoliang Xing","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3275199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3275199","url":null,"abstract":"ECRT has a powerful search box which allows Effort Coordinators to search for Certifiers using their last name, DUID, or org code. What makes this search so powerful is if the search identifies a unique piece of data, Effort Coordinators are immediately taken to the screen that most closely matches their data search. For example, an exact match on Org Code will take Effort Coordinators to the Org Dashboard while an exact match on DUID or last name will open that Certifier’s Effort Statement.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130448966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HATBED","authors":"Yi Li, Junyan Ma, Te Zhang","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3275166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3275166","url":null,"abstract":"Embedded networked sensor systems are deeply coupled with the physical world, and the deployed systems are usually difficult to debug. Therefore, it is especially important to thoroughly test and profile the systems before deploying to the real world. Traditional debugging methods are incompetent for detailed tracing on resource constrained devices due to their intrusiveness. This paper proposes a low-cost Hardware Assisted Tracing testBED (HATBED) to enable non-intrusive tracing and profiling for embedded networked sensor systems independent of operating systems and applications. We hope HATBED will foster research on comprehensive testing and profiling of embedded networked systems based on modern 32-bit architecture.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115117449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using Deep Learning to Count Garbage Bags","authors":"K. Mikami, Yin Chen, J. Nakazawa","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3275167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3275167","url":null,"abstract":"The information of daily garbage diposal can be used to develop many appealing applications in smart cities. This poster introduces DeepCounter, an automotive sensing system to providing a finegrained spatio-temporal distribution on the amount of disposed garbage bags. In the system, deep learning based image processing is used to automatically count the number of collected garbage bags from the video taken by a camera mounted on the rear of a garbage truck. A prototype system is implemented and experimental evaluation validates the feasibility of our proposal using realistic garbage collection videos in Fujisawa city Japan.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116414045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EXIMIUS","authors":"Zhou Qin, Zhihan Fang, Yunhuai Liu, Chang Tan, Wei Chang, Desheng Zhang","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3274850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3274850","url":null,"abstract":"Urban traffic sensing has been investigated extensively by different real-time sensing approaches due to important applications such as navigation and emergency services. Basically, the existing traffic sensing approaches can be classified into two categories, i.e., explicit and implicit sensing. In this paper, we design a measurement framework called EXIMIUS for a large-scale data-driven study to investigate the strengths and weaknesses of these two sensing approaches by using two particular systems for traffic sensing as concrete examples, i.e., a vehicular system as a crowdsourcing-based explicit sensing and a cellular system as an infrastructure-based implicit sensing. In our investigation, we utilize TB-level data from two systems: (i) vehicle GPS data from 3 thousand private cars and 2 thousand commercial vehicles, (ii) cellular signaling data from 3 million cellphone users, from the Chinese city Hefei. Our study adopts a widely-used concept called crowdedness level to rigorously explore the impacts of various spatiotemporal contexts on real-time traffic conditions including population density, region functions, road categories, rush hours, etc. based on a wide range of context data. We quantify the strengths and weaknesses of these two sensing approaches in different scenarios then we explore the possibility of unifying these two sensing approaches for better performance. Our results provide a few valuable insights for urban sensing based on explicit and implicit data from transportation and telecommunication domains.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123592258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IoT for the Power Industry: Recent Advances and Future Directions with Pavatar","authors":"Yuan He, Junchen Guo, Long Liu, Haozhen Liu, Xinpeng Zhang, Qilong Zhao, Xiaolong Zheng, Meng Jin, Ting Wang, Chunya Liu, Yao Luo, Songzhen Yang, Chengkun Jiang, Xiuzhen Guo, Zihao Yu","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3275179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3275179","url":null,"abstract":"The development of Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies in recent years brings us unprecedented opportunities for innovations in the power industry. This demo abstract introduces our research and practice with Pavatar - IoT for the power industry. Pavatar includes a series of system deployments in the core sections of Global Energy Internet (GEI), for the purposes of automatic surveillance and remote diagnosis of ultra-high-voltage converter stations (UHVCSs). Pavatar incorporates technologies like lower-power or battery-free sensing, cross-technology communication, edge computing, machine learning, and enhances the user experience with 3D virtual reality. The deployed system significantly reduces the manpower cost and enhances the operational efficiency of the UHVCS.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121290956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mixer","authors":"Carsten Herrmann, Fabian Mager, Marco Zimmerling","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3274849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3274849","url":null,"abstract":"Many-to-all communication is a prerequisite for many applications and network services, including distributed control and data replication. However, current solutions do not meet the scalability and latency requirements of emerging applications. This paper presents Mixer, a many-to-all broadcast primitive for dynamic wireless mesh networks. Mixer integrates random linear network coding (RLNC) with synchronous transmissions and approaches the order-optimal scaling in the number of messages to be exchanged. To achieve an efficient operation in real networks, we design Mixer in response to the theory of RLNC and the characteristics of physical-layer capture. Our experiments demonstrate, for example, that Mixer outperforms the state of the art by up to 3.8x and provides a reliability greater than 99.99 % even at a node moving speed of 60 km/h.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123136200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"E-Eye: Hidden Electronics Recognition through mmWave Nonlinear Effects","authors":"Zhengxiong Li, Zhuolin Yang, Chen Song, Changzhi Li, Zhengyu Peng, Wenyao Xu","doi":"10.1145/3274783.3274833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3274783.3274833","url":null,"abstract":"While malicious attacks on electronic devices (e-devices) have become commonplace, the use of e-devices themselves for malicious attacks has increased (e.g., explosives and eavesdropping). Modern e-devices (e.g., spy cameras, bugs or concealed weapons) can be sealed in parcels/boxes, hidden under clothing or disguised with cardboard to conceal their identities (named as hidden e-devices hereafter), which brings challenges in security screening. Inspection equipment (e.g., X-ray machines) is bulky and expensive. Moreover, screening reliability still rests on human performance, and the throughput in security screening of passengers and luggages is very limited. To this end, we propose to develop a low-cost and practical hidden e-device recognition technique to enable efficient screenings for threats of hidden electronic devices in daily life. First, we investigate and model the characteristics of nonlinear effects, a special passive response of electronic devices under millimeter-wave (mmWave) sensing. Based on this theory and our preliminary experiments, we design and implement, E-Eye, an end-to-end portable hidden electronics recognition system. E-Eye comprises a low-cost (i.e., under $100), portable (i.e., 11.8cm by 4.5cm by 1.8cm) and light-weight (i.e., 45.5g) 24GHz mmWave probe and a smartphone-based e-device recognizer. To validate the E-Eye performance, we conduct experiments with 46 commodity electronic devices under 39 distinct categories. Results show that E-Eye can recognize hidden electronic devices in parcels/boxes with an accuracy of more than 99% and has an equal error rate (EER) approaching 0.44% under a controlled lab setup. Moreover, we evaluate the reliability, robustness and performance variation of E-Eye under various real-world circumstances, and E-Eye can still achieve accuracy over 97%. Intensive evaluation indicates that E-Eye is a promising solution for hidden electronics recognition in daily life.","PeriodicalId":156307,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132354953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}