Journal of Constructional Steel Research最新文献

{"title":"Axial compression behavior of cruciform-section thin concrete encased high-strength steel column","authors":"Bing-Ze Li,&nbsp;Xue-Chun Liu,&nbsp;Xue-Sen Chen,&nbsp;Xiao-Wu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of high-strength steel-concrete composite structures become widespread, but experimental investigations on irregular-section high-strength steel-concrete composite columns remain insufficient. To investigate the axial compression behavior of cruciform-section concrete encased high-strength steel (C-CEHS) columns, axial compression tests were conducted on nine C-CEHS columns with the yield strengths of their steel skeletons ranging from 390 MPa to 620 MPa. The influence of steel strength, reinforcement ratio, and stirrup spacing on the failure modes and axial compression performance of columns was investigated. A finite element analysis was conducted on 840C-CEHS columns considering the initial imperfections and the residual stresses, covering various combinations of concrete strengths, steel strengths, and slenderness ratios. The results indicated that 45 mm-thick C40 concrete cover provided effective confinement for the steel skeleton. As the material strength increased, the unsynchronized failure between the steel and concrete limited the further improvement of the peak load, and the material strength utilization rate of the composite column showed a decreasing trend. The recommended buckling curves from GB 50017 and Eurocode 3 suitable for evaluating the stability capacity of C-CEHS columns were provided. In addition, the theoretical methods for calculating the nominal compressive resistance and buckling compressive resistance of C-CEHS columns were proposed based on the modified Perry-Robertson formula.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110051"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing seismic fragility curves using a novel methodology for steel moment-resisting frame buildings","authors":"Reza Esmailzadeh-shahri,&nbsp;Sassan Eshghi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fragility curves are an integral part of seismic performance-based risk assessments of buildings. Generating these curves requires numerous nonlinear time history analyses, making the process complex and time-consuming. Therefore, this paper presents a novel energy-based methodology to simplify the process of developing fragility curves for seismic risk assessment of steel moment-resisting frame buildings. The proposed method establishes a direct connection between multi-mode pushover analysis and fragility curves through the implementation of the energy balance concept, which presents two noteworthy advantages over current methods: (1) it eliminates the necessity for equivalent single degrees of freedom structures and (2) it obviates the need for Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA). To examine the accuracy of the method, seven two- and three-dimensional benchmark moment-resisting buildings are analyzed, and the results are compared with those from IDA. The findings indicate that the proposed methodology estimates the fragility curves in alignment with the IDA, attaining extremely high accuracy in some cases while significantly reducing the computational efforts. The comparison of the results with those from existing simplified methods substantiates the superior efficiency and robustness of the proposed approach. Hence, this approach has the potential to be applied in future studies as a physics-based method within machine learning-based risk assessment techniques or seismic risk assessment of building stocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic behavior of the joint of multi-limb assembled cold-formed thin-walled steel concrete composite column and H-shaped steel beam","authors":"Zhiyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Wentao Qiao ,&nbsp;Kaili Cui ,&nbsp;Bing Lu ,&nbsp;Yuantian Ye ,&nbsp;Lingling Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under the dual influence of policy guidance and market demand, diverse novel prefabricated building systems have emerged. The rational design of connection forms constitutes a critical aspect of prefabricated building design. In this paper, a joint of multi-limb assembled cold-formed thin-walled steel concrete composite column and H-shaped steel beam (MCTSCC-HSB joint) for light steel-concrete composite structures is proposed. To investigate the seismic performance of this joint, quasi-static loading tests were conducted on eight beam-column joint specimens. Subsequently, finite element (FE) simulations were performed to complement the experimental study. Comparisons between experimental and FE results demonstrated that the proposed joints exhibit favorable shear resistance and ductility, while confirming the reliability of the FE simulation. Parametric analysis further revealed that the number of upper-lower flange angle steels bolt rows and thickness of C-shaped steel are the main influencing factors, and the thickness of angle steels and axial compression ratio are secondary influencing factors. Based on the integrated findings from both tests and finite element analyses (FEA), the influence of key parameters on the seismic behavior of the joints was determined, and corresponding seismic design recommendations were subsequently proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110047"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A slip-activated dual-stage brace for enhanced seismic resilience: mechanism and parametric analysis","authors":"Yutong Chen ,&nbsp;Xiao Lu ,&nbsp;Longhe Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel slip-activated dual-stage bracing system to address the challenges of excessive initial stiffness and insufficient control of residual displacement in retrofitting reinforced concrete frames. This system incorporates slotted holes at the brace end-plates connections to create a predefined slip gap, allowing the brace to remain inactive during elastic response of the structure and become engaged only under strong seismic events. This dual-stage mechanism enhances structural stiffness, strength, and energy dissipation when necessary. The proposed system is designed to meet the resilience objective of non-intervention under service level earthquakes and to provide robust control under maximum considered earthquakes. A refined finite element model is developed to accurately simulate the dual-stage hysteretic behavior of the brace. Additionally, a simplified and computationally efficient numerical model is established to facilitate extensive parametric analyses. Quasi-static analyses are conducted on a single-story RC substructure to systematically investigate the effects of the brace's key parameters, including the slip gap, yield strength, buckling strength, and axial stiffness, on the structural performance of the retrofitted system. The results confirm the effective implementation of the intended dual-stage behavior. Specifically, the ultimate load-bearing capacity of the retrofitted frame is governed primarily by the brace's tensile yield strength, while the post-yield stiffness is jointly influenced by the brace's axial stiffness and the predefined slip gap. Furthermore, the study finds that optimal energy dissipation is achieved with lower slenderness ratios, smaller slip gaps and higher stiffness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance assessment of steel MRFs retrofitted with arc and ring dampers","authors":"Younes Nouri ,&nbsp;Amir Shirkhani ,&nbsp;Habib Ghasemi Jouneghani ,&nbsp;Ehsan Hemati ,&nbsp;Dario De Domenico","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.109949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.109949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, an arch and ring yielding damper (ARD), composed of a metallic central ring surrounded by four arcs, has been proposed as an innovative energy dissipation device to enhance the seismic resilience of structures. Although the hysteretic behavior of the ARD was examined, the efficiency of this novel damper when implemented in building structures has not been investigated. This article focuses on the seismic performance of sub-standard steel moment resisting frames (MRFs) equipped with ARDs. First, a novel mathematical equation is developed to predict the hysteretic response of ARD based on an extensive nonlinear finite element analysis including various geometrical parameters of the device, using multivariate nonlinear fitting methods and artificial neural network. Then, to evaluate the effectiveness of ARDs, a comparative seismic response analysis of a four-story steel building without (MRF) and with ARDs (MRF-ARD) is performed under different seismic hazard levels within a multi-level framework. The parameters of the ARDs are determined using a displacement-based design method. The analysis is performed by Nonlinear Time History Analysis (NLTHA) and Endurance Time Analysis (ETA) methods. The numerical results show that upon adding ARDs to the structure, the inter-story drift and base shear ratios are reduced by about 20 % and 50 %, respectively, with the highest probability being for 10 %/50 years and 2 %/50 years hazard levels (BSE-1 and BSE-2, respectively). The obtained ET curves also show that the original MRF cannot meet the life safety performance level at the BSE-1 hazard level, while the MRF-ARD meets this requirement in an efficient manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 109949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexural behavior of prefabricated continuous composite beams using HSS and PRC slab","authors":"Liyu Feng,&nbsp;Xuanding Wang,&nbsp;Jiaqi Fu,&nbsp;Gang Xiong,&nbsp;Jiepeng Liu,&nbsp;Xuhong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prefabricated steel-concrete composite beams have been widely used in accelerated bridge construction (ABC). In this study, four high-strength steel (HSS)-precast reinforced concrete (PRC) slab continuous composite beams with headed stud-steel block connectors (HSBCs) and clustered studs were tested under two-point symmetrical concentrated loads, aiming to investigate their bending behavior. The key parameters are the shear pocket spacing, concrete type, and the section height of the steel beam in the hogging moment region. All specimens ultimately failed in flexure due to concrete crushing in the sagging moment region, confirming that the composite action between the steel beam and PRC slab was effectively ensured by the novel shear connectors, even with varying pocket spacings. These beams exhibited high bending capacity and initial stiffness, but limited ductility. Within the parameter range considered, increasing the shear pocket spacing has little impact on the cracking load, initial stiffness, bending capacity, and final crack distribution pattern of the slabs. Furthermore, predictions based on the full-section plasticity assumption in current design codes overestimate the bending capacity of this type of HSS-PRC slab continuous composite beam, whereas elastic theory provides conservative estimates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110044"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigations on an innovative all-steel assembled self-centering dual-stage yield buckling-restrained brace","authors":"Zhaochengyuan Liu,&nbsp;Jiejiang Zhu,&nbsp;Liusi Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to improve the seismic performance of the structure, an innovative all-steel assembled dual-stage yield self-centering buckling-restrained brace (ADY-SCBRB) is proposed in this study. The energy-dissipating system of the ADY-SCBRB consists of a buckling-restrained brace with a dual-stage energy-dissipating steel core, while the self-centering system accommodates different material configurations (specifically, BFRP and SMA are examined in this paper). First, the detailed configuration and working mechanism of the ADY-SCBRB are presented, followed by the development of a simplified theoretical hysteretic model. Second, to obtain more realistic stress–strain data for subsequent experimental design and refined finite element simulations, comprehensive material property tests were conducted for all components. Third, a simplified method to determine the stiffness of each ADY-SCBRB component is proposed. Finally, the hysteretic behavior of the ADY-SCBRB is examined in detail through a series of experiments and numerical analyses, and a more reliable anchoring solution is recommended. The results show that the ADY-SCBRB exhibits stable hysteretic behavior and achieves the expected dual-stage energy dissipation and self-centering characteristics. The specimen can be reused by replacing only the energy-dissipating steel core after a rare earthquake, and the prestress system is safer and easier to install, making it more practical for engineering applications compared with existing approaches. The refined numerical models can accurately predict the hysteretic performance of the ADY-SCBRB, with an error below 5 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the hysteretic behavior of four-limb CFST-ST composite lattice columns","authors":"Zetian Liang ,&nbsp;Shansuo Zheng ,&nbsp;Yiyang Du ,&nbsp;Zhihan Song ,&nbsp;Xiaohang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel composite lattice column consisting of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) and steel tube (ST) is proposed for tall industrial buildings. The design features a lower section composed of CFST lattice columns and an upper section of ST lattice columns. This configuration leverages the high strength and considerable deformation capacity inherent to conventional CFST lattice columns, while simultaneously incorporating the construction advantages offered by ST lattice columns. Furthermore, compared to traditional stepped-section CFST lattice columns, this composite system provides a greater usable floor area. To gain a deeper understanding of the seismic performance of the CFST-ST composite lattice columns, three scaled specimens were designed and fabricated, each with a different height coefficient of the lower column <em>k</em> (lower column height / horizontal load application height), and subjected to quasi-static testing. The failure modes, deformation characteristics, hysteretic behavior, strength deterioration, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity were thoroughly analyzed. The experimental results indicate that for specimens with a smaller <em>k</em>, the bearing capacity is primarily controlled by the upper column. Conversely, specimens with a larger <em>k</em> exhibit better cooperative performance between the upper and lower columns. As the parameter <em>k</em> increases from 0.32 to 0.65, the ductility coefficient of the specimen rises from 1.81 to 2.34. Specimens with a moderate <em>k</em> demonstrate the most complete hysteretic loops, with total cumulative energy dissipation values being 1.6 times and 1.1 times that of the other two specimens, respectively, showcasing better seismic performance. It is recommended that the value of <em>k</em> should not be less than 0.48 in the practical design of CFST-ST composite columns. Based on the force characteristics of the components, a calculation method for the lateral bearing capacity of the CFST-ST composite lattice columns was proposed. The average error between the calculated lateral peak loads and the experimentally measured results is 3.21 %, indicating that this method can serve as a reference for practical engineering design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110042"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental evaluation of red lead surface slip coefficient in 90-year-old riveted bridge","authors":"Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Pang-jo Chun ,&nbsp;Takashi Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging riveted steel bridges face challenges like corrosion and loosening, necessitating effective rehabilitation. This study investigates the load transfer mechanisms and structural behavior of bolted–riveted combination joints, focusing on a 90-year-old steel bridge in Osaka, Japan, with original red lead primer on faying surfaces. Comprehensive analyses, including surface/chemical examinations, slip tests (average coefficient 0.274 for aged red lead with total 48 sample size), material characterization, and tensile tests on various joint configurations, were conducted. A key finding was the red lead primer’s remarkable 90-year integrity, effectively preventing underlying steel corrosion despite surface non-uniformity. Historic steel showed properties comparable to modern SS400 grade, with some lamination defects. Tensile tests showed that replacing rivets with high-strength bolts (HSBs) substantially improved joint stiffness and slip resistance, despite the low slip coefficient (0.274). Strategic partial HSB replacement, especially at joint ends, enhanced load transfer via friction, increased net section yield strength by approximately 10%, and reduced stress concentrations around bolt holes. Results validate partial HSB replacement as an effective retrofitting technique for aging riveted bridges with red lead-coated faying surfaces. The study offers critical insights into red lead’s long-term protective performance and provides valuable, data-driven guidance for the structural assessment, preservation, and life-extension of these vital historical infrastructure assets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110039"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimised steel frame design using reclaimed steel: Logistics impact on reuse efficiency","authors":"Mohammad Ali Mahdavipour ,&nbsp;Asaad Faramarzi ,&nbsp;Samir Dirar ,&nbsp;Marios Theofanous ,&nbsp;Shima Jowhari Moghadam ,&nbsp;Qixian Feng ,&nbsp;Soheila Kookalani ,&nbsp;Erika Parn ,&nbsp;Ioannis Brilakis","doi":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcsr.2025.110046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structural steel reuse offers significant environmental benefits by reducing demand for new materials and minimising recycling energy. However, implementation is hindered by uncertainty in stock availability, pre-existing defects, and logistical challenges, particularly transportation. This paper applies a sustainability-driven discrete sizing optimisation framework, using Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP), to minimise the environmental impact of steel frame construction using both new and reclaimed steel. The framework integrates structural analyses and design limit state checks, with an environmental objective function covering demolition, deconstruction, fabrication, assembly, and transportation. Key parameters, including total environmental impact, structural weight, reuse rate, allowable oversizing, and the effect of excluding damaged items, are investigated in the context of transportation logistics for a benchmark four-storey steel frame. Results from 625 simulated stock scenarios show that while higher reuse rates generally reduce environmental impact, logistical factors strongly influence benefits. Increasing transport distances for reclaimed steel can reduce its environmental advantage by over 30 % on average, making mixed designs of new and reclaimed steel optimal in more cases. Excluding damaged items significantly affects environmental performance, highlighting the need for research and regulation on reusing defective steel. Additionally, upper thresholds of the overweight ratio for the global frame and individual members were identified, within which reuse efficiency is maintained despite oversizing. These findings support industries in optimising resources for sustainable steel reuse, reducing environmental impact, material waste, and lifecycle costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Constructional Steel Research","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110046"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}