Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems最新文献

{"title":"Electromechanical Impedance Method for Damage Detection of Typical Joint on Jacket Platform","authors":"Boying Zhang, Hamad Hameed, Yuxin Xu, Chonglin Zhang, Yong Bai","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2018-77385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2018-77385","url":null,"abstract":"Health monitoring of welded structural joints is a very important factor of the engineering community. Electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) technique allows the direct evaluation of structural dynamics by evaluating its E/M impedance or admittance signatures. This paper first gives a brief introduction of the theoretical background on the described method. Then, the described EMI technique is applied to recognize the presence of damage by executing experimental works where the damage in the form of crack is simulated with an impedance analyzer at various distances. Four typical welded metallic joints on a jacket platform successfully produced submillimeter cracks under cyclic loading and root mean square deviation (RMSD) is used to evaluate the degree of crack damage. Finally, an outcome of laboratory measurements performed with developed structural health monitoring system based on the electromechanical impedance phenomenon is presented.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134030379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Behaviors of Metallic Strip Flexible Pipe Under Axisymmetric Loads","authors":"Kaien Jiang, Ting Liu, Shuai Yuan, Yong Bai","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2018-77398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2018-77398","url":null,"abstract":"Metallic Strip Flexible Pipe (MSFP) is regarded as a promising alternative for submarine pipelines. During the operation and service phases, MSFP will inevitably experience significant tension as well as internal and external pressures. In order to ensure the security and reliability of MSFP in the application, the mechanical responses of MSFP subjected to axisymmetric loads should be carefully estimated. In this paper, a theoretical model estimating the tension stiffness under axisymmetric loads is established, which takes the material plasticity into consideration. Additionally, a finite element model is developed by ABAQUS to verify the feasibility of the proposed theoretical model. The results from full-scale tensile tests of MSFP are also adopted to verify the proposed method’s validity in calculating its tension behavior. The coincidence between the results from different methods illustrates the accuracy and reliability of the proposed theoretical model. Based on the parametric study, some interesting conclusions have been obtained which may be useful for the practical application of MSFP.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115371162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Behavior After Stress Relaxation in PVDF","authors":"R. L. Freitas, C. A. Costa, É. Chaves, S. Teixeira","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2018-77667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2018-77667","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the mechanical properties evaluation of two commercial grades of PVDFs, which were extruded with the same parameters but with different cooling temperatures. After processing, stress relaxation with 7% strain was imposed and tensile properties were measured.\u0000 The cooling temperature after extrusion were 4°C, 23°C and 80°C. Then, the PVDFs were submitted to stress relaxation at 23°C and 7% strain. The as processed and after relaxation samples were characterized by FTIR, XRD, DSC and tensile tests at 23°C.\u0000 The stress relaxation at 23 °C resulted in no change in volume fraction of crystallinity for PVDF A and B. The XRD and FTIR, for both PVDFs, showed that the crystalline phases were the same, for all cooling conditions and did not change after the stress relaxation. The tensile properties at room temperature showed that the yield stress was a little affect by the cooling temperature, while Young’s Modulus and yield strain were insensible to the cooling temperature. After the stress relaxation, these three tensile properties were slightly affected for both grades.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122901839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Fatigue Damage Assessment Methods to a Rigid Planar Jumper","authors":"Laila Aarstad Igeh, Zhenhui Liu, Jie Wu, M. Ong","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2018-77159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2018-77159","url":null,"abstract":"A rigid jumper is an important part of the subsea production system, it may experience significant vortex induced vibrations (VIV) if subjected to current. It has normally non-straight geometry shape in three-dimensional space. Consequently, the response of a rigid jumper under VIV is much more complicated compared to straight pipeline structures. Currently, there are very limited studies and design guidelines including methods on how to assess the fatigue damage of rigid jumpers under VIV. The methodology used for straight pipelines is often applied by ignoring the non-straight geometry characteristics and the multi-axial stress states (coexisting of flexural and torsional stress). However, both experimental and numerical results show that the torsional stress does exist besides the flexural stress for rigid jumpers under VIV. On the other side, the response of the rigid jumper under VIV is also challenging. The objective of this study is to do a fatigue assessment practice based on state-of-the-art calculation methods to a rigid jumper on model scale. The VIV response is inherited from experimental tests and numerical calculations by either force or response model methods. The influence of torsional stress on fatigue assessment is demonstrated. Two approaches have been investigated. In the first method, the flexural and torsional stresses are evaluated separately. The second method uses the 1st principle stress to calculate the fatigue damage, thus the flexural and torsional stresses are evaluated together.\u0000 It is shown that the use of the 1st principle stress gives higher fatigue damage if the torsional stress contribution is significant. Further, the principle stress method is also less time-consuming on processing the results. Detailed discussions based on results have been performed, which could be also applied to general real scale rigid jumpers.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122102345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible Flowline Walking Tendency on Seabed With Longitudinal Undulations and Transverse Gradients","authors":"G. Roberts, T. Sriskandarajah, Gianluca Colonnelli, A. Roux, Alan Roy, P. Ragupathy","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2018-78005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2018-78005","url":null,"abstract":"A method of carrying out a combined axial walking and lateral buckling assessment for a flexible flowline has been developed using finite element analysis. The method overcomes limitations of screening assessments which could be inconclusive when applied either to a flexible flowline on an undulating seabed with transverse gradients or to one that buckles during hydrotest.\u0000 Flexible flowlines that were to be surface-laid on a seabed with longitudinal undulations and transverse gradients were assessed using the method. The flexible flowlines were simulated in their as-laid state, and the simulation incorporated hydrotest pressure and the pressure & temperature gradients and transients associated with multiple start-ups. The objective was to quantify the axial walking and lateral slip tendency of the flexible flowlines and the impact that walking might have on the connected end structures. The lateral buckle locations predicted by finite element analysis were compared to a post-hydrotest survey and the radius of curvature from analysis was compared to the minimum bend radius of the flexible.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123273078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Sensor Technology for Identifying Subsea Power Cables’ and Umbilicals’ Axial Stiffness","authors":"Lars Jordal, R. Slora, B. Konradsen, P. Karlsen","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2018-77537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2018-77537","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents how to establish the axial stiffness for subsea power cables and umbilicals based on multiple measurement points along the test object. The Cartesian coordinates of the measuring points are measured with use of a total station consisting of an electronic theodolite integrated with an electronic distance measurement unit. The advantage of the total station compared to other displacement measuring systems is that the sensors are not in physical contact with the test object. The measurement method, including calculation of elongation and axial stiffness, is evaluated through a full-scale test with a super duplex steel tube with known mechanical properties. The deviation between the theoretical axial stiffness of the steel tube and the measurement method is 1.2%.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126409292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risks to Marine Pipelines From Drifting Ice: Gathering the Evidence","authors":"P. Barrette, D. Mcgonigal, Kenton Pike","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2018-78258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2018-78258","url":null,"abstract":"Marine pipelines in ice-prone waters are exposed to a number of environmental threats that do not exist in warmer waters. Of particular concern is the damage from ice features such as pressure ridges that drift into shallow areas. The ice keel comes in contact with the seabed and, as the ice feature keeps drifting, it may gouge the seabed to some depth and for considerable distances. Trenching and burial are seen as the best means of protecting these structures, but adequate depth relies on adequate knowledge of these events. This is obtained in various ways. Actual, real-scale events provide valuable information. Seabed mapping allows an appreciation of gouging activity in the target sector. Physical experiments can generate a nearly complete picture of these events, and can be used to validate numerical models. A description is presented of an abandoned marine pipeline in Northern Canada, which represents a rare test case scenario. Plans to conduct field investigations on that pipeline are being considered.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"249 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116808291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instrumented FLIP Test and Static Pressure Influence on the Onset Velocity and Frequency on an Industrial Scale","authors":"M. Décuupère, David Charliac, J. Roques, A. Karnikian, G. Galeron, Po. Mattei, M. Amielh","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2018-77905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2018-77905","url":null,"abstract":"Since the early 2000, Flow Induced Pulsations (FLIP) has been more and more encountered on platforms. This phenomenon generates high acoustic pressure pulsations that may cause noises up to one hundred and ten dB and significant fatigue stress levels in small piping either at topside or subsea equipment. The source of the phenomenon is inside of the flexible pipe but FLIP has no effect on it. Nevertheless, in case of FLIP experience companies may have to reduce their flow rate. Therefore, FLIP must be understood in order for the companies to avoid this constraint.\u0000 In this frame, a FLIP test was performed with protagonists who are involved in the understanding of this phenomenon. The test was done in 2016 at CESAME Poitiers (France) in an eighteen meter-long and six-inch flexible pipe on an air open loop. The prototype was fully instrumented and pressures up to forty bars were tested and mass flow rates up to 6 kg.s−1 to reproduce the FLIP phenomenon.\u0000 The test setup and signals analysis are presented in this paper. Moreover, FLIP onset velocities and frequencies are compared with TechnipFMC models. As a conclusion of this paper pressure influence for the six-inch tested on the FLIP initiation will be presented.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116815225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Development and Validation of the Latest FlawPRO™ ECA Methodology","authors":"B. Bezenšek, G. Chell, C. Popelar, Meng Luo","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2018-78068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2018-78068","url":null,"abstract":"The graphical user interface driven engineering software tool FlawPRO™ has been extensively used for subsea pipeline design and installation under high strain or fatigue intense applications. The methodology included in the program has evolved since its inception in 2002 through a series of JIPs involving major oil and gas operators and installation contractors. This paper summarises the fracture mechanics concepts incorporated in the methodology of the latest version of FlawPRO™ and the results of an extensive full scale flawed pipe testing programme that included over 45 reeling simulations and other fracture tests performed to validate the methodology.\u0000 It is shown that the program’s crack growth predictions under large strain reeling are consistent with test data obtained from reeled pipes containing centreline flaws in over-matched welds, with the majority of the predicted results obtained using average material property data scattering around the mean 1:1 line consistent with uncertainties in the mechanical property values used in the validation. The results of an assessment of some of the reeling test data using the DNV ECA methodology (DNV-RP-F108) are also presented.\u0000 It is concluded that the FlawPRO™ methodology is consistently more accurate in assessing the test data compared with the DNV methodology which may yield some non-conservative results.\u0000 Both methodologies require suitable factors of safety or adjustments to either material and / or load inputs to maintain conservatism in applications to the pipeline projects.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132996439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Testing of a Friction-Based Post-Installable Fiber-Optic Monitoring System for Subsea Applications","authors":"C. Seaman, J. Wilson, R. Kipp, J. Hedengren, Henry H. Tang, N. L. Bentley, Suy Q. Le, D. Brower","doi":"10.1115/OMAE2017-61494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2017-61494","url":null,"abstract":"This paper continues to document the design, development, and test of a friction-based (non-adhesive) post-installable fiber-optic strain sensing system for oil and gas applications — especially those that require deployment on existing subsea structures. (Ref: OMAE2017-61494 Development and Testing of a Friction-Based Post-Installable Sensor for Subsea Fiber-Optic Monitoring Systems [1]). The prototype fiber-optic monitoring system collects a wide range of real-time data, which can be used to determine structural loading, fatigue, temperature, pressure, and flow assurance on operational platforms.\u0000 The primary challenge of a post-installed instrumentation monitoring system is to ensure secure coupling between the sensors and the structure of interest for reliable measurements. Friction-based coupling devices have the potential to overcome installation challenges caused by marine growth and soil contamination on subsea structures, flowlines, or risers. This particular design solution is compatible with structures that are suspended in the water column and those that are resting on the seabed. In addition, the system can be installed by commercial divers in shallow depths or by remotely operated vehicles in deep-water applications.\u0000 Operational limitations of the initial design concept were identified in the previous series of tests (2016–2017), and several innovative enhancements have been implemented which resulted in significant improvements in sensor system coupling and strain measurement correlation with traditional strain measuring devices. This paper provides a summary of the notable prototype design changes, full-scale test article buildup, and detailed performance data recorded during tension and compression loading that simulated representative offshore conditions. The test results were positive and demonstrated the effectiveness of the design enhancements. Compromises made during mounting of the sensing elements resulted in better performance in tension than compression. These effects are well understood and are fully discussed, and do not influence the viability of the design changes.\u0000 This study is part of a continuing collaboration between the Houston-based NASA-Johnson Space Center and Astro Technology, Inc. within a study called Clear Gulf. The primary objective of the Clear Gulf study is to develop advanced instrumentation technologies that will improve operational safety and reduce the risk of hydrocarbon spillage. NASA provided unique insights, expansive test facilities, and technical expertise to advance these technologies that would benefit the environment, the public, and commercial industries.","PeriodicalId":155568,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115214694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}