Journal of Community Health最新文献

{"title":"Disparities in Patient Demographics at a Student-Run Free Clinic: Comparing Clinic Utilization to City, State, and National Trends.","authors":"Katherine Esser, Johnny McKeown, Tatiana White, Steuart Besly, Julianna Sim, Addison Sparks, Sydney Hatch, Richard Paat, Coral Matus","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01437-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01437-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With 8.4% of Americans uninsured, free clinics serve as essential safety nets for underserved populations. This study compared the demographics of the patients of a student-run free to Toledo, Ohio, and national census data to evaluate health needs, barriers to care, and the characteristics of the underserved population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of 1,338 visits across five clinic sites was conducted from February 2023 to February 2024. Demographic variables, including race, insurance, education, sex, and primary language, were analyzed and compared to 2020 Census data from Toledo, Ohio, and the United States.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to Toledo, the clinic served 22.63% fewer White patients, 17.27% more Hispanic/Latino patients, and 5.62% fewer African American patients. Among clinic patients under 65 years, 61.91% were uninsured, compared to 8.3% in Toledo and 10.2% nationally. Non-English speakers were overrepresented (33.4% vs. 6.8% in Toledo and 9.5% nationally), with Spanish speakers making up 21.72% of clinic patients compared to 3.2% in Toledo. Educational attainment differed slightly, with fewer high school graduates (82.97% vs. 87.10% in Toledo) but more individuals with higher education degrees (27.10% vs. 19.6% in Toledo and 25.6% nationally).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study underscores the demographic differences between CCC patients and city, state, and national populations, offering insight into the populations most reliant on free clinics. Policymakers and public health agencies must consider these disparities to tailor interventions addressing healthcare access and social determinants of health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"507-513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Disparities in Non-fatal Firearm Injuries among Working-Age Adults in the United States, 2000-2021.","authors":"Akshaya Bhagavathula, James H Price, Jagdish Khubchandani","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01431-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01431-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Firearm-related injuries remain a significant public health issue in the United States, with patterns and trends among various age groups not well characterized. This study analyzed time series trends and disparities in firearm injury rates among U.S. working-age adults from 2000 to 2021. A retrospective analysis using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-Firearm Injury Surveillance Study (NEISS-FISS) was conducted with a focus on non-fatal firearm injuries reported in emergency departments across a nationally representative sample of hospitals. Descriptive statistics were used to explore disparities across different demographic groups. Trends were assessed using locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) and Joinpoint regression analysis. Between 2000 and 2021, an estimated 2.36 million non-fatal firearm injuries occurred, with males accounting for 85.7% and non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) representing 48.8% of injuries. Firearm injuries were commonly associated with crime (29.8%), physical fights (24.7%), alcohol/substance use (17.7%), and verbal arguments (17.2%). Most incidents occurred on weekdays (63.7%) and assaults were the most prevalent intent (68.5%), followed by unintentional injuries (21.9%). Handguns (25.1%) and unspecified firearm types (61.2%) were the most commonly involved weapons. From 2000 to 2021, significant increases in firearm injuries were observed among those aged 26-45 years (23.0%), women (21.97%), NHB (42.15%), and those involving assaults (231.9%). Age-specific trends showed a significant annual percentage change (APC) increase of 4.9% for 18-25 years, 12.4% for 26-45 years, and 7.0% for 46-64 years from 2013 to 2021. Racial/ethnic trends revealed a significant APC increase of 5.0% for Non-Hispanic Whites (2014-2021), 25.0% for NHB (2015-2021), and a decrease of -31.3% followed by an increase of 15.6% for Hispanics (2012-2021). The disproportionate burden of firearm injuries among different age and racial/ethnic groups highlights the need for targeted prevention strategies and ongoing monitoring of injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"454-463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisations Leading the Way in Child Health Research.","authors":"Anita Pickard, Thomas Stubbs, Emily Carter, Lauren Rice, Sue Thomas, Jadnah Davies, June Oscar, Alexandra Martiniuk, Elizabeth J Elliott","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01433-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01433-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Historically, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research in Australia has adhered to Western research paradigms and contributed to the adverse impacts of colonisation. However, recent developments driven by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and scholars, and development of ethical guidelines for research, have promoted a more inclusive and collaborative research landscape. In this study, published papers and internal documents arising from a long-term partnership between Marninwarntikura Women's Resource Centre (MWRC) and the University of Sydney (USYD) from 2009 to 2023 were analysed using the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool and consultations with project partners. Every project had Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander governance, leadership, and inclusive consultation; was driven by community-identified priorities, built local capacity, and benefitted the community. There was an increase in the use of Indigenous research paradigms and data/intellectual property (IP) agreements over time, reflecting responsiveness to community leadership. This partnership exemplifies community-driven, co-designed, Aboriginal-led health research and serves as a model for effective collaboration with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"527-545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Shift Work, Sleep Quality, and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Workers in the Logistics Industry.","authors":"Qingyuan Xu, Yanzhuo Li, Qiaochu Xu, Yuxuan Wu, Chengxiu Ling, Kelvin P Jordan, Ying Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01426-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01426-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The booming online shopping industry has accelerated the growth of logistic services, often subjecting workers to irregular schedules. This study aims to examine the association between night-shift work and health-related quality of life among logistics workers, with a special focus on the mediating role of sleep characteristics. A survey was conducted among logistics workers across China, who filled out an online questionnaire. The questionnaire collected information about shift work, sleep characteristics, health-related quality of life, various sociodemographic factors, and specific job categories. The Insomnia Severity Index measured sleep quality, while the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey assessed health-related quality of life, including the physical and mental components. Linear regression analysis and structural equation modeling were used to examine the proposed associations and conduct mediation analysis, respectively. Out of the 484 respondents, 352 (72.7%) worked night shifts. These workers were predominantly males, smokers, alcohol users, less educated, and those with longer working hours involved in goods transportation and distribution. Our results showed a considerable trend of declining general health when transitioning from day to night shifts. There was a negative association between the frequency of night shift work and physical health. Specifically, those who worked more than 12 night shifts a month reported poorer health compared to those working permanent daytime, after adjustments for confounding variables. Sleep quality emerged as a significant mediator in this relationship. Our findings underscore the need to prioritize improving sleep quality to enhance the health and well-being of logistics workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"406-415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development & Evaluation of a Teaching Assistant Institute to Build Near-Peer Teaching Capacity in Delivering Inclusive Public Health Education.","authors":"Samantha Garbers, Lauren A Westley, Helen de Pinho, Leah Hooper, Matthew Perzanowski, Michael A Joseph","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01425-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01425-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Teaching assistants (TAs) play a significant role in students' learning environment and experience but receive limited training in the non-curricular aspects of teaching and student support. Graduate students frequently engage in near-peer teaching, with student teachers with one or more years' experience compared to learners engaged in a structured teaching role. Academic institutions may perpetuate racism and its effects on health through institutional norms and pedagogy; training TAs to foster inclusive learning environments is therefore essential. In a complex, interdisciplinary public health Core curriculum, a required TA Training Institute was established to address the specific challenges of near-peer teaching. Content included managing sideways; effective modes of communication; boundary setting; referring students for support while taking care of one's own needs; and maintaining an inclusive learning environment, including managing heated, offensive, and/or tense (HOT) moments. The mixed-methods evaluation among 181 participants assessed 12 learning objectives; for all outcomes assessed, confidence in performing each job function was consistently high (87-100%) and increased statistically significantly post-training (McNemar p < 0.001). Lowest confidence was reported for responding to HOT moments (87%). TAs need training to support belonging and inclusion. This evaluation of a replicable training revealed significant improvements, with additional support needed to manage HOT moments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"416-422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Care Financing Practices Among U.S. Amish.","authors":"Evan J Beck, Kevin E Kucharski, Kiri E Sunde","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01430-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01430-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Amish are a rapidly growing Christian ethnoreligious group located in the U.S. and Canada. Characterized by self-reliance and a caution regarding the acceptance of modern technologies, the Amish have traditionally relied on community-based mutual aid to finance health care expenditures instead of commercial insurance or public assistance options. However, the cost, structure, and efficacy of Amish mutual aid programs are not well-described. We surveyed 1006 Amish households in 12 states using a 31-question instrument that asked respondents about demographic information, their health, and participation in mutual aid organizations. Statistical analysis was performed with returned surveys. One hundred fifty-five surveys were returned for a response rate of 15.4%. 81% of respondents reported mutual aid membership. The reported annual health care spending ranged from $500 to $18,000 among nine mutual aid organizations. More than 90% of respondents indicated that they \"agree\" that their community will help them pay for health care, though 39% reported \"sometimes\" avoiding recommended medical care due to cost. There were statistically significant differences in treatment avoidance due to cost and perceptions of affordability between Indiana Amish and those in Michigan and Wisconsin. The financing mechanisms employed in our cohort included negotiating organizations, subscription models, and voluntary donation. Though mutual aid mechanisms were ubiquitous, the success of individual organizations may depend on Amish population distribution and relationship with health systems. Providers treating this population should understand Amish practices regarding medical billing. Further studies are necessary to develop institutional best practices for Amish and other self-pay populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"423-433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticipated Responses to Genetic Testing for Alzheimer's Disease Susceptibility among Latinos in Northern Manhattan.","authors":"Alicia Meng, María Cabán, Evelyn Tran, John B Wetmore, Ruth Ottman, Karolynn Siegel","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01434-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01434-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative illness that has become a growing concern for older adults. As such, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genetic testing has become more commonly used to identify individuals' susceptibility to AD. An underrepresented population in AD research, Latinos will be disproportionately affected by AD in the coming decades. To better aid efforts in education and genetic risk counseling for Latino populations, we must first understand the anticipated psychological and behavioral consequences of APOE genetic risk counseling. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 216 Latinos between the ages of 40 and 64 (average age = 53 years) in northern Manhattan to ascertain their hypothetical reactions to learning that they had a higher risk of developing AD compared to other Latinos within their community. Responses were categorized as emotional, practical, and mixed responses. Among our sample, women were more likely to anticipate an emotional response to hearing that they had a higher risk of AD, and participants above the age of 60 were more likely to anticipate disclosing their risk information to immediate family members. Findings support the tailoring of genetic risk counseling sessions across different ethnic groups, genders and age groups. Future work may include the development of psychological and practical support tools for Latinos seeking APOE genetic testing and counseling.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"472-482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Roles of Acculturation and Pre-migration Experiences in Influencing the Confidence of Vietnamese Parents in Vaccine Use Among Adolescents.","authors":"Nhat-Ha T Pham, Milkie Vu","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01428-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01428-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vaccine confidence is a critical antecedent of vaccine uptake. Little research has examined vaccine confidence among Asian communities, particularly the associations with acculturation and pre-migration experiences. We explored this issue among U.S. Vietnamese parents. Our study uses an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design to investigate the influence of American acculturation, Vietnamese acculturation, and pre-migration experiences on U.S. Vietnamese parents' vaccine confidence for their adolescents. A cross-sectional web-based survey (n = 408) was followed by semi-structured interviews (n = 32). Quantitative analysis showed that many participants reported high or complete trust in scientists involved in vaccine development (61%), federal agencies responsible for vaccine safety monitoring and licensure (53%), the CDC (62%), and the FDA (58%). High or complete trust in scientists was associated with a higher Vietnamese acculturation score [aRR = 1.20 (1.03-1.40)], while trust in federal government agencies was associated with English medical proficiency [aRR = 1.42 (1.15-1.76)]. Qualitative findings provided deeper insights, with many parents expressing trust in vaccine efficacy, safety, and the rigorous development and approval process. Pre-migration experiences in Vietnam had mixed influences on vaccine confidence. Some participants cited positive experiences with the national immunization program, while others were influenced by negative vaccine-related injury stories. Newer immigrants reported limited familiarity with U.S. health authorities. Language preferences (Vietnamese versus English) for vaccine information varied. Our study highlights the complex interplay of acculturation, cultural identity, language, and historical experiences in shaping vaccine confidence among U.S. Vietnamese parents and emphasizes the need to take these factors into account with tailored public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"442-453"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Military Service on Social Determinants as Predictive Factors for Suicide among Female Veterans.","authors":"Amanda Straus, Rachel Larson, Wanda Wright","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01427-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01427-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Female Veterans experience disproportionately poorer outcomes in mental health and physical health, as well as other conditions, compared to their male counterparts and non-Veteran females. The Arizona Veteran Survey aims to understand the unique experiences of female Veterans in the state of Arizona and assess how these experiences impact their health. The goal is to identify key risk factors contributing to health challenges among this population, enabling the development of targeted interventions. The statewide Arizona Veteran Survey was conducted to analyze the current impact of common social determinants of health for several demographics of Veterans. There were a total of 841 female Veteran respondents. The data on female Veterans' social determinants of health and the association with suicidality was analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression. A variety of social determinants were analyzed to evaluate their association with suicidality. Female Veteran respondents were 1.4 times more likely to experience suicidality if they were seeking care for mental health concerns, 1.8 times more likely if they felt isolated or lonely, 1.7 times more likely if they felt depressed or hopeless, and 2.5 times more likely to experience suicidality if they struggled to pay for or access medication in the past 12 months leading up to the survey. Female Veterans are a growing population disproportionately affected by experiences that elevate their risk of suicidality. The findings in this paper highlight the need for expanding services and resources while addressing inequities to improve overall well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"483-490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trust and Trustworthiness: Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccine Receipt in the Chicago Metropolitan Area.","authors":"Jessica Bishop-Royse, Melissa Gutierrez-Kapheim, Abigail Silva, Sarah Lomahan, Monique Jindal, Michaela Krogen, Milkie Vu, Molly Martin","doi":"10.1007/s10900-024-01424-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10900-024-01424-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black Americans are disproportionately affected by COVID-19 related disease and mortality due to longstanding social, political, economic, and environmental injustices. Although structural determinants of health have clear links to both COVID-19 disease and vaccine uptake, many public health researchers focus on the contribution of individual level trust in vaccine uptake, obscuring how distrust develops and is reinforced through continued systemic injustice. While much is known about relationship between individual trust and receipt of the COVID-19 vaccine, less is known about how structural racism and exposure to discrimination influence that association. Using survey data collected in the Chicago metropolitan area, we examined associations between structural racism, discrimination, and trust on two measures of vaccine acceptance: self-report receipt of any vaccine and completion of the primary series. Multiple variable logistic regression results suggest that participants who trusted the federal government to ensure a safe pediatric COVID-19 vaccine had higher odds of being vaccinated and completing the primary series. NH Black and Hispanic participants' distrust of their doctor to provide COVID-19 information reduced their odds of vaccine uptake. Trust in medical professionals was linked to higher odds of vaccine receipt for Hispanic participants but not for NH Black participants. Education consistently influenced the likelihood of receiving any vaccine for both NH Black and Hispanic participants, but not completing the primary series. Conversely, employment was strongly related to completing the primary series but not initial vaccine receipt. Measures of structural racism and discrimination had minimal impact on vaccine uptake in this sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":15550,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":"395-405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}