CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Modulating the Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Potential of Nutritional and Metabolic Factors.","authors":"Binyue Xu, Xuhuan Li, Shangling Dong, Zheyuan Zhang, Dong Jin, Guoping Li, Jiesheng Wang","doi":"10.1002/cns.71117","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia among the elderly, characterized by a gradual decline in memory and cognitive function. The growing body of evidence highlighting the interaction between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system has positioned the gut microbiota as a key area of research in AD pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review critically evaluates the preclinical evidence and clinical trial outcomes, complemented by mechanistic studies and Mendelian randomization analyses, to assess the therapeutic potential of nutritional interventions targeting the gut-microbiota-brain axis in AD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dietary components and patterns regulate the composition and function of the gut microbiota, which in turn influence brain function through the gut-microbiota-brain axis via chemical/metabolic, immune-mediated, and neural pathways. Specific nutrients, microbial metabolites, and dietary patterns have been shown to exert either protective or detrimental effects on AD pathology and cognitive function. Emerging strategies, including precision nutrition, fecal microbiota transplantation, and next-generation microbiome-based therapies, offer new avenues for AD prevention and treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nutritional interventions targeting the gut-microbiota-brain axis represent a promising approach for the comprehensive prevention and management of AD. Further mechanistic and clinical studies are warranted to translate these findings into effective therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71117"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13526369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobehavioral Association Between Macroscopic Network Decoupling and Reduced Eating Impulsivity: A Longitudinal fMRI Study in Bulimia Nervosa.","authors":"Yulong Jia, Weihua Li, Demin Kong, Fengxia Yu, Guowei Wu, Yiling Wang, Jiani Wang, Zhenchang Wang, Lirong Tang, Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cns.71129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fluoxetine is an established pharmacological intervention for bulimia nervosa (BN); however, the macroscopic functional network remodeling underlying its efficacy in suppressing eating impulsivity remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-eight patients with BN and 58 healthy controls assessed at both baseline and follow-up underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Network-Based Statistic (NBS) analysis with edgewise paired comparisons was used to identify whole-brain connectivity changes in patients with BN. The resulting BN-derived component was subsequently examined in both groups using a Group × Time analysis. Exploratory brain-behavior associations within BN were examined using Spearman and partial Spearman correlations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, patients with BN showed significant improvements in depressive symptoms and externally driven eating behavior. Within-group NBS analysis identified a 23-edge component showing reduced functional connectivity in BN at follow-up, with network-level family-wise error correction (p < 0.05). This component primarily involved dorsal attention, ventral attention/salience, and somatomotor networks. Whole-brain NBS analysis in healthy controls did not identify a significant longitudinal component. When mean connectivity of the BN-derived component was extracted in both groups, connectivity decreased more strongly in BN than in healthy controls (Group × Time β = -0.053, p = 0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The follow-up period in patients with BN was accompanied by clinical improvement and reduced functional connectivity among attention-, salience-, and sensorimotor-related systems. These findings provide preliminary evidence of treatment-period-associated functional network reconfiguration in BN.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ChiCTR2200066885.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71129"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GWAS of Tau-Neurodegeneration Mismatch Identifies New Risk Loci for Susceptibility to Tau.","authors":"Fardin Nabizadeh, Hanieh Mohamadi","doi":"10.1002/cns.71125","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Alzheimer's disease (AD), neurodegeneration is primarily attributed to the accumulation of tau neurofibrillary tangles. However, the distribution patterns of both tau pathology and neurodegeneration vary across different brain regions and among individuals. Moreover, multiple factors may influence the relationship between tau burden and neurodegenerative processes. Identifying the genetic architecture associated with deviation in the tau-neurodegeneration relationship can provide deeper mechanistic insights and guide the development of precision medicine strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, I perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of cortical tau and thickness quantified by positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 794 participants from two cohorts of Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and A4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A GWAS was identified between the Tau/Neurodegeneration residual and two novel loci on chromosomes 7 and 14, with two SNPs (rs9323573 and rs9784993) exceeding the genome-wide significance threshold (p ≤ 5 × 10^-8). SNP rs9323573 is located in STXBP6 on chromosome 14, while rs9784993 is in AKAP9 on chromosome 7, both of which were directly genotyped. The minor allele G of both SNPs (rs9323573, MAF = 0.221, p = 2.60 × 10^-8; rs9784993, MAF = 0.197, p = 4.92 × 10^-8) was associated with lower Tau/Neurodegeneration residuals, indicating higher-than-expected neurodegeneration given tau levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GWAS of tau-related neurodegeneration identified two novel genetic variants in the loci AKAP9 and STXBP6 leading to higher than expected regional neurodegeneration given the tau level. Identifying genetic factors involved in tau-neurodegeneration mismatch may improve our understanding regarding the potential mechanistic downstream leading to susceptibility or resilience to tau pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71125"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Modulates Hierarchical Functional Network Organization in Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Yao Wang, Wan Liu, Wenjie Yang, Jun Hu, Xinxin Cheng, Hao Yu, Yin Shi, Li Liu, Jiang Rao, Guangxu Xu","doi":"10.1002/cns.71111","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of dual transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and to explore the effects on the hierarchical organization of functional brain networks, ranging from regional synchronization to inter-regional connectivity and global network topology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial, 74 PSCI patients received conventional therapy alongside either active dual-tDCS (n = 38) or sham stimulation (n = 36). Active tDCS targeted the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) via anodal-left/cathodal-right nodes (2.0 mA, 20 min/day, 20 sessions). The primary outcome was the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Secondary outcomes included the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Stroop Test (ST), Trail Making Test (TMT), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), and Barthel Index (BI). A subgroup of 36 participants (18 per group) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to analyze regional homogeneity (ReHo), functional connectivity (FC), and network topology. Partial correlations assessed the association between neuroimaging alterations and clinical improvements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The tDCS group showed significantly greater improvements in MoCA scores (tDCS: 5.74 ± 2.76 vs. sham: 2.69 ± 2.69; t = 4.799, p < 0.001) as well as in attention and memory domains compared to the sham group. The rs-fMRI changes included increased ReHo in the right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and reduced FC between the right MTG-left superior frontal gyrus and left IFG-cerebellum (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). Additionally, small-worldness and global efficiency increased (p < 0.05) with these alterations correlating with clinical recovery. Adverse events were rare and self-limiting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dual-tDCS over bilateral DLPFC safely improves cognitive recovery in PSCI. These clinical gains are associated with rs-fMRI alterations, specifically in regional synchronization, inter-regional connectivity, and global topology, which suggest a potential biomarker for monitoring tDCS efficacy, offering a rationale for precision neuromodulation in stroke rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71111"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13538461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Initial Validation of the Japanese Version of the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder.","authors":"Muneaki Ogata, Hikaru Hori, Asuka Katsuki, Hitoshi Iida, Leo Gotoh, Haruka Fujino","doi":"10.1002/cns.71131","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC-J) and to conduct a preliminary evaluation of its reliability and validity in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared with healthy controls (HCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty adults with ASD and 30 HCs completed the MASC-J, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), Autism-Spectrum Quotient, and Japanese Adult Reading Test. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, partial convergent validity with the RMET, and discriminative ability using receiver operating characteristic analysis were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MASC-J scores were significantly lower in the ASD group than in the HC group. The MASC-J showed acceptable discriminative ability (area under the curve = 0.804), acceptable internal consistency, and excellent test-retest reliability. In the total sample, MASC-J scores correlated with RMET scores, but this association was not significant within either group. In the ASD group, MASC-J scores were positively associated with estimated full-scale IQ. Overmentalizing and absence-of-mentalizing errors were more frequent in the ASD group, whereas undermentalizing errors did not differ between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide preliminary support for the MASC-J as a measure of social cognition in Japanese-speaking adults with ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71131"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crosstalk Between Cortical Plasticity and Peripheral Nervous Injury: Insights, Mechanisms, and Future Directions.","authors":"Cong Cheng, Dong Gao, Yaojie Shen, Xi Wang, Junxi Dai, Yaoxian Xiang, Zongyuan Jiang, Zongqi You, Junjian Jiang","doi":"10.1002/cns.71090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cortical plasticity is essential for functional recovery after peripheral nervous injury (PNI). Different injury types, from compressive to metabolic neuropathies, lead to distinct patterns of cortical reorganization, calling for a better understanding of the mechanisms and treatment options for each injury type.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review summarizes current evidence from preclinical, neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and clinical studies on the link between cortical plasticity and PNI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review describes the key molecular pathways that shape adaptive and maladaptive cortical reorganization across injury types, examines the value of neuroimaging and blood-based biomarkers for tracking plasticity, and evaluates the current evidence for drug and rehabilitation treatments. Major gaps remain, including the limited testing of biomarkers across different injury types, the lack of PNI-specific clinical trials, and the difficulty of applying laboratory findings to personalized treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Moving forward, progress depends on validating biomarkers for each injury type, conducting well-designed trials in PNI patients, and combining drug, rehabilitation, and whole-body treatment approaches. This review offers a practical guide for turning mechanistic knowledge into clinical focus in PNI-related cortical plasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71090"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Genomic and Proteomic Analysis Reveals T-B Lymphocyte Signatures in the MYCN Driven \"Immune Desert\" of Specific Neuroblastoma Subtypes.","authors":"Jia-Jian Hu, Wen-Juan Kang, Jia-Tong Hu, Ye-Xiong Li, Feng-Ju Song, Min Deng","doi":"10.1002/cns.71054","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to systematically dissect how MYCN amplification shapes the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in high-risk neuroblastoma, elucidating key mechanisms underlying immune evasion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed an integrated multi-omics analysis of bulk RNA-seq (n = 721), single-cell RNA-seq (n = 9), proteomic data (n = 49) and spatial transcriptomics (Visium, with external validation in melanoma). Analyses included unsupervised clustering, cell-cell communication inference, transcriptional regulatory network reconstruction, and spatial proximity assessment to map the immune landscape.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A distinct molecular subtype (Class C), defined by MYCN amplification and poor prognosis, exhibited a comprehensive \"immune desert\" phenotype characterized by low immune scores and minimal leukocyte infiltration. Single-cell analysis confirmed significant depletion of T and B lymphocytes within the Class C TME. Dysregulated transcriptional networks were identified, including upregulation of REL and EOMES in T cells-with EOMES potentially driving exhaustion via regulation of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) genes, and REL inhibition enhancing cytotoxic function in vitro. A unique immunosuppressive B-cell subset (B7) engaged in enhanced crosstalk with exhausted T cells and harbored a MYC-centered network linked to cell cycle dysregulation and poor survival. Spatial transcriptomics revealed significant proximity between B7-active regions and Treg/exhaustion-enriched areas, externally validated in melanoma. Proteomic data validated elevated REL expression in MYCN-amplified tumors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work delineates the immunosuppressive architecture of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma, revealing novel regulatory nodes within specific lymphocyte compartments. Integrating single-cell, spatial, and proteomic evidence, we propose REL inhibition as a therapeutic candidate, the EOMES/TRP axis as a bioinformatically supported hypothesis, and the B7/MYC hub as a hypothesis supported by transcriptomic and spatial evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71054"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paeonol Alleviate Cisplatin- and Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Preserving Hair Cell Ribosome Biogenesis.","authors":"Minhui Xia, Tianshi Sun, Wenyu Hou, Yiyun Lou, Yunjie Li, Hua Jiang, Hui Chai, Jiaoyao Ma, Mingyu Xia","doi":"10.1002/cns.71115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hearing loss primarily results from irreversible cochlear hair cell (HC) damage caused by factors such as noise, aging, genetics, and ototoxic drugs including cisplatin. Currently, there are no effective clinical otoprotective agents available. The natural compound paeonol, derived from Paeonia suffruticosa, exhibits potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, positioning it as a promising therapeutic candidate given the central roles of oxidative stress and inflammation in hearing loss pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Using mouse cochlear explant cultures, we demonstrated that paeonol protects against cisplatin-induced HC damage in a concentration-dependent manner and reduces the accumulation of MitoSOX, TNF-α, and IL-6. In vivo, paeonol administration not only prevented cisplatin-induced HC loss and inner HC synaptic degeneration but also conferred protection against noise-induced HC damage and hearing loss, demonstrating broad otoprotective efficacy. Mechanistically, RNA-seq analysis revealed that paeonol exerts its protective effect partly by preventing ribosome biogenesis dysfunction, thereby ensuring normal protein synthesis in HCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Together, our work demonstrates the efficacy of paeonol across multiple models and reveals a potential protective mechanism, paving the way for its development as a much-needed otoprotective drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71115"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13539212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Preemptive vs. Conventional Tirofiban Administration on the Outcomes in Acute Branch Atheromatous Disease: A Propensity Score-Weighted Cohort Study.","authors":"Chunying Li, Ying Jin, Xing Liu, Ying Liu, Weikang Yang, Yue Wang, Dongsheng Ju","doi":"10.1002/cns.71120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Branch atheromatous disease (BAD) carries a high risk of early neurological deterioration (END). We evaluated the efficacy of preemptive tirofiban administration within 72 h compared with reactive rescue therapy following END.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, single-center study enrolled 221 patients with BAD-associated stroke. Based on the timing of tirofiban administration, patients were assigned to a preemptive intervention group (n = 127) or a conventional intervention group (n = 94). Preemptive intervention was defined as preemptive administration after clinical risk assessment, whereas conventional intervention was delayed until an increase of ≥ 2 points on the NIHSS score. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was applied to balance baseline covariates. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of an excellent 90-day outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤ 1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After IPTW adjustment, the preemptive intervention group showed a significantly higher rate of excellent 90-day outcomes (76.6% vs. 44.6%, p < 0.001) and a shorter median hospital stay (10 vs. 11 days, p = 0.02) compared with the conventional group. No between-group differences were observed in mortality or stroke recurrence (p > 0.05). Early tirofiban use (adjusted OR = 4.411, 95% CI: 2.349-8.283) and a lower baseline NIHSS score (adjusted OR = 0.832, 95% CI: 0.707-0.980) independently predicted favorable outcomes. Subgroup analyses confirmed consistent benefits across most strata, with patients aged over 65 years deriving greater neuroprotection (p = 0.004 for age-treatment interaction).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preemptive administration of tirofiban within the initial 72 h significantly improves 90-day neurological outcomes and reduces hospital stay length in patients with BAD-related stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71120"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13540640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchically and Temporally Distinct Ca²⁺ Signaling Across Thalamic Nuclei During Nociceptive Stimulation.","authors":"Yao-Hua Liu, Tian-Yu Zhao, Jin Cheng, Li-Ming Liu, Sha-Sha Tao, Yu-Jing Chen, Jia-Qi Zhu, Fen-Sheng Huang, Zhi-Ping Cai, Fei Li, Yun-Qing Li","doi":"10.1002/cns.71119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cns.71119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The thalamus serves as a critical relay hub for transmitting peripheral nociceptive information to the cerebral cortex and plays a central role in the sensory, motor, affective, and cognitive dimensions of pain processing. However, the dynamic response patterns of distinct thalamic nuclei during stimulus-pain processing remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, fiber photometry was employed to record calcium (Ca²⁺) signals from multiple thalamic nuclei under two intensities of nociceptive somatic stimulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that all recorded nuclei exhibited rapid increases in Ca²⁺ signals following nociceptive stimulation; however, the evoked Ca²⁺ signals differed markedly in peak amplitudes and peak times across nuclei. Cluster analysis further revealed a clear spatial stratification of thalamic responses to nociceptive stimulation, with medially located nuclei generally exhibiting stronger Ca²⁺ responses than laterally located nuclei. In addition, thalamic nuclei differed in their sensitivity to stimulus intensity, with some showing pronounced intensity-dependent Ca²⁺ responses, whereas others exhibited minimal changes. Notably, within the dorsal thalamus, the parafascicular nucleus (PF) exhibited the shortest Ca²⁺ signal peak time, whereas the posterior nucleus (PO) showed the longest. Morphological analyses further revealed distinct downstream projection targets and cortical axonal distribution patterns between PF and PO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals a thalamus-wide functional stratification of neuronal Ca²⁺ dynamics during nociceptive processing, with distinct thalamic nuclei exhibiting specialized temporal profiles and intensity-encoding properties. Collectively, these findings provide new experimental evidence supporting the view that the thalamus acts as a distributed and hierarchical hub for pain information processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":154,"journal":{"name":"CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics","volume":"32 9","pages":"e71119"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}