Journal of Crop Improvement最新文献

{"title":"Application of Ceres-Millet model of DSSAT for simulating millet varieties under different sowing windows in Niger","authors":"A. Mohamed, J. M. Jibrin, B. M. Auwalu, M. Garba, B. A. Lawan","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2022.2048764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2022.2048764","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Choosing an appropriate variety and planting date could help farmers increase the recurrent low pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) yields recorded in Niger. Field experiments were conducted at the National Agricultural Research Institute of Niger (N’Dounga) during the 2016 and 2017 rainy seasons to evaluate the performance of the CERES-Millet model in simulating the growth and yield of pearl millet varieties. Treatments consisted of two sowing windows (late June and mid-July) and four varieties (HKP, ZATIB, CIVT, and H80-10 GR) arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. Sowing dates were allocated to the main plots, whereas varieties were assigned to the subplots. The data collected on days to 50% flowering, days to physiological maturity, grain yield, and above-ground biomass during 2016 and 2017 were used to calibrate and evaluate the CERES-Millet model for simulating sowing windows. The model was used to simulate the long-term effects of different sowing windows using long-term historical weather data from 1983 to 2017 in Kollo. The results for model calibration showed that simulated growth and yield of millet were in good agreement with their corresponding observed values. The d-index was 0.99 for days to anthesis, 0.97 for days to physiological maturity, 0.93 for grain yield, and 0.79 for above-ground biomass. The results for both calibration and evaluation showed that normalized root mean square errors were less than 10%. The values of the d-index were also within the acceptable range for all the parameters. Therefore, the CERES-Millet model was robust enough to successfully simulate millet growth and yield in Niger. Seasonal analysis revealed that sowing should be done from early June to mid-June for ZATIB and H80-10 GR varieties. However, it should be done from early June to late June for CIVT and from mid-June to early July for HKP.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"37 1","pages":"41 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49629494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handling outliers in multi-environment trial data analysis: in the direction of robust SREG model","authors":"Julia Angelini, G. Faviere, E. Bortolotto, G. D. Cervigni, M. Quaglino","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2022.2051217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2022.2051217","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Site regression model (SREG) is utilized by plant breeders for the analysis of multi-environment trials (MET) to examine the relationships among test environments and genotypes (G) and genotype-by-environment interaction (GE). In its regular form, singular-value decomposition (SVD) is applied on residual matrix from one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to partition G plus GE effects. However, ANOVA and SVD are sensitive to atypical observations, which are common in MET. To overcome this problem, three robust models are proposed to obtain valid results even in the presence of outliers. Their efficacy was evaluated by simulation and compared with standard SREG. Different scenarios were considered to identify the appropriate strategies to deal with outliers in real situations. Two real datasets are also presented to highlight the usefulness of the proposed methods in agricultural data. Our results indicate that the use of the proposed alternatives enables to effectively analyze MET data in the presence of outliers and maintain good performance without them as well.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"37 1","pages":"74 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48935647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-specific competition between finger millet and Guinea grass for growth and nutrient uptake under nutrient-limited conditions","authors":"H.H.P. Jayamanna, J.S.M.N. Janananda, D. Widanagamage, R. Ranil, D. Dissanayaka","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2022.2044950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2022.2044950","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Crop–weed interactions in nutrient-deficient environments can induce strong intra- and inter-specific competition for such nutrients. The study investigated nutrient uptake by finger millet (FM; Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) in the presence of the upland weed, Guinea grass (GG; Panicum maximum Jacq), under nutrient-limited conditions. A pot experiment was conducted with different neighbor-densities of the two species, including monocultures and mixed cultures. The effects of inter-specific/intra-specific competition on nutrient uptake and growth of the two plant species were measured. Varied plant combinations impacted on plant dry weight, uptake, and use efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium by FM. Root and shoot dry weights of FM were markedly reduced in the presence of GG compared to that when neighbors were from the same species. The largest reduction of tissue nutrient concentration of FM was recorded in FM:GG plant combination of 1:2. The results indicated that the growth and nutrient uptake of FM was suppressed when it co-existed with GG due to strong inter-specific competition under nutrient-limited conditions. GG maintained similar biomass irrespective of the fertilizer treatment and plant combinations, demonstrating its ability to outcompete neighboring species when resources are limited in the growing environment. The present study also provides scientific evidence that GG is well adapted to nutrient-poor environments, which is attained through enhancing the use efficiency of limited nutrients in biomass formation. This might have helped GG to gain the competitive advantage over other plants in the same habitat and dominate in most agro-ecological systems as an invasive weed species.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"37 1","pages":"25 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47489934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, grain yield, and water productivity of traditional rice landraces from coastal Bangladesh, as affected by salt stress","authors":"Dhiman Adhikary, D. Das, Md. Yasin Ali, H. Ullah, A. Datta","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2022.2048765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2022.2048765","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting the growth, development, and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) worldwide. A 10 × 4 factorial pot experiment consisting of 10 traditional aus rice (summer rice) landraces (Noyontara, Ratul, Rani Ratul, Sribalen, Mala, Kolmilata, Nayanmoni, Noncha, Kopilaice, and Kajollata) and four levels of water salinity (0.36 [control], 5, 10, and 15 dS m−1) was conducted to evaluate the salt tolerance of the popular traditional rice landraces. The results revealed that plant height, shoot dry matter, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value, panicle number plant−1, filled-grain percentage, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, harvest index, and irrigation-water productivity were significantly affected by water salinity. The highest shoot dry matter, grain yield, and irrigation-water productivity were recorded for Noncha at the highest salinity level of 15 dS m−1, indicating its high salinity-tolerance ability. The 15 dS m−1 salinity level reduced shoot dry matter and grain yield of Kopilaice by 61% and 75%, respectively, relative to Noncha. The tested cultivars could be classified into three categories: (i) salt sensitive that cannot withstand salinity level above 5 dS m−1: Kopilaice, Noyontara, Ratul, Rani Ratul, and Sribalen, (ii) intermediate-salt tolerant that can withstand salinity below 10 dS m−1: Mala and Nayanmoni, and (iii) highly salt tolerant that can withstand salinity up to 15 dS m−1: Noncha, Kolmilata, and Kajollata. Noncha, Kolmilata, and Kajollata were considered promising salt-tolerant cultivars and can be used as valuable genetic resources for developing salinity-tolerant cultivars in the coastal salinity-affected region of Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"37 1","pages":"60 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47359424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Path analysis of phenotypic factors associated with grain protein in dryland winter wheat","authors":"Philip O. Hinson, C. Adams, Xuejun Dong, Q. Xue, S. Thapa, Gong-neng Feng, E. Kimura, B. Pinchak, A. Somenahally, A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2022.2042882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2022.2042882","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), increased understanding of relationships between grain protein concentration (GPC) and other phenotypic traits is needed for simultaneously achieving high yield and GPC through genetic improvement and management. Two field experiments with 20 genotypes each were conducted in 2018/2019 in Uvalde and Chillicothe, TX. The primary objective was to assess direct and indirect effects of phenotypic traits on GPC using path analysis. Broad-sense heritability was high for grain yield but low for GPC, indicating that breeding selection for high yield is best done directly, but selection for elevated GPC may be approached indirectly. Grains m−2 was positively related to GPC, though highly affected by environment, whereas 1000-kernel weight was negatively related to GPC and highly heritable. Heads m−2 had a negative direct influence on GPC, but a positive indirect effect of head number on GPC through grain number indicated head number would positively impact GPC if additional heads increased grain number. There were conflicting results between locations on the relationship between aboveground biomass at anthesis and GPC, similar to other reports. Increased time to physiological maturity positively affected GPC, with time to anthesis being the primary offsetting indirect factor, meaning a longer grain-filling period can likewise increase GPC. Crop management practices can interact with these phenotypic factors to affect GPC, which is discussed herein. These findings provide novel information on direct and indirect effects of several phenotypic traits on GPC, giving insights into routes for improvement of wheat quality through breeding and management.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"36 1","pages":"892 - 918"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46083607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of seed protein and oil inherited from “BARC-7” soybean in two F2-derived mapping populations","authors":"F. Ravelombola, P. Chen, T. Vuong, H. Nguyen, R. Mian, A. Acuña, L. Florez‐Palacios, C. Wu, D. Harrison, M. de Oliveira, J. Winter, M. Ford, M. D. da Silva, L. Mozzoni","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2022.2033373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2022.2033373","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed protein inheritance has been extensively studied; however, genetics of high-protein “BARC-7” soybean are still unknown. In this study, we used 250 F2-derived lines from each of two soybean populations for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. UA 5814HP, with high-protein content, tracing to BARC-7 as maternal grandfather, was a common parent. Field experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design with one replication across four environments. Seed protein and oil were quantified using near-infrared (NIR) instrument. Genetic linkage maps were constructed using the Infinium Soy6KSNP Beadchips. QTL analysis was performed using a composite interval mapping method. QTL for protein and oil were identified on chromosomes 6, 13, and 20. The known major QTL on chromosome 20 was not detected, but a novel QTL further downstream on chromosome 20 (only detected in population two) had high-protein alleles inherited from BARC-7-derived parent. Fine mapping efforts are currently ongoing for confirmation of these results.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"36 1","pages":"875 - 891"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43520454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability for cell-wall and yield components in commercial sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) progeny: contrasts with parental lines and energy cane","authors":"José M. García, Mariana P. Silva, Rachael Simister, S. McQueen-Mason, L. Erazzú, L. Gomez, A. Acevedo","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2021.2011521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2021.2011521","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a genetically complex crop with great potential for the second-generation (2 G) ethanol industry. Despite this, there is scarce knowledge of the variability of bagasse cell-wall components and its association with agronomic traits that could be used in the selection of cultivars with improved bagasse digestibility. In this work, the acid detergent fiber method was used to determine cellulose, hemicellulose, and acid detergent lignin (ADL) in a sugarcane progeny from crossing two commercial cultivars, and in two energy-cane biotypes. Additionally, acetyl bromide-soluble lignin was determined and compared with ADL values. Despite the crossed parents showing similar bagasse composition, transgressive inheritance observed in the progeny for all bagasse cell-wall components underlines the possibility of improving sugarcane for specific bioenergetic uses. Additionally, the low association between cell-wall and yield components found in this work, suggests that indirect selection of cell-wall components for 2 G ethanol industry through agronomic traits would have a limited impact on improving the biomass composition.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"36 1","pages":"769 - 788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46061701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How responsive is Nigeria’s cassava seed system to farmers’ demand? Exploring supply and demand interactions in three farming communities","authors":"T. Pircher, E. Stuart, C. Almekinders, D. Obisesan, H. Nitturkar, G. Asumugha, E. Azaino, A. Knierim","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2021.2018749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2021.2018749","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Based on a concept for demand-orientation in seed systems, we characterized Nigeria’s cassava (Manihot esculenta) seed system from national to local level and farmers’ demand in three study sites. Interviews with seed-system actors explained their roles for supply-side functions. Focus group discussions and a survey described multiple aspects of farmers’ demand. Our findings show that the national agriculture development program alone did not have the capacity to supply farmers with sufficient seed of desired varieties. Seed exchange between farmers and informal seed sellers contributed to the distribution of seed and new varieties. The presence of seed sellers and farmers’ demand for cassava seed varied between the three study sites, farmer types and gender. We conclude that informal seed sellers and village seed entrepreneurs have a potential to respond to farmers’ heterogeneous demands. However, without recurrent demand for specialized seed production or continuous support from the formal system, they do not reach underserved markets.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"36 1","pages":"816 - 841"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44648781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating responses of Caucasian apple (Malus orientalis) from Hyrcanian forests to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) using an in vitro assay","authors":"Narjes Amirchakhmaghi, H. Yousefzadeh, B. Hosseinpour, H. Abdollahi, Bjarne Larsen","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2021.2012731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2021.2012731","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fire blight, caused by the necrogenic gram-negative Erwinia amylovora, is one the most destructive bacterial diseases of apple. The wild Caucasian apple (Malus orientalis) is grown throughout Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Russia and the Hyrcanian forest in the northern part of Iran. So far, no studies on resistance to fire blight in M. orientalis from the Hyrcanian forest have been conducted. We therefore evaluated the response of four different populations of M. orientalis (two individual trees per population) eight individuals of M. orientalis from four different populations in this region for fire blight resistance, using an in vitro shoot-inoculation assay. The fire blight susceptible MM.106 and partly resistant MM.111 rootstocks were included as references. Two one-year old trees were selected from each population, which were then micropropagated and inoculated with the fire blight bacterial strain ‘Ea273ʹ. Necrosis growth along the shoots was measured every 24 h for 10 consecutive days. Selected individuals from Soordar, Asalem and Siahbil populations did not differ in the final necrosis growth from susceptible MM.106. However, the MM.111 and Afratakhteh individuals showed the lowest necrosis growth. The largest final necrosis growth was observed in the Siahbil individuals. The capacity of main scavenging enzymes and antioxidant activity were monitored in the Siahbil and the Afratakhteh individuals. The largest difference in the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity was observed at 72 hours post-inoculation (hpi) between resistant Afratakhteh and susceptible Siahbil individuals. The highest activity of catalase (CAT) enzyme occurred in the Afratakhteh individuals after 168 hpi. The peroxidase (POD) activity increased in both Afratakhteh and Siahbil individuals. The two Afratakhteh individuals were more resistant to fire blight compared to Asalem, Siahbil and Soordar individuals. Our results suggested that large differences in fire blight resistance existed in natural populations of M. orientalis. Potential fire blight-resistant individuals should be of interest for future apple-breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"36 1","pages":"789 - 800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47386970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining ability and gene action for agronomic traits and Fusarium wilt resistance in pigeonpea","authors":"Esnart Nyirenda Yohane, H. Shimelis, M. Laing, I. Mathew, A. Shayanowako","doi":"10.1080/15427528.2021.2022059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2021.2022059","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Combining ability analysis is fundamental in breeding programs to select desirable parents and progenies. The objectives of this study were to determine the combining ability effects, and gene action controlling agronomic traits and resistance to Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by Fusarium udum Butler in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]. Twenty-five progenies were developed from 10 selected parents using a 5 × 5 North Carolina Design II. The progenies and their parents were assessed for agronomic traits and FW resistance. The genotypes were subjected to artificial FW infection using a root dip inoculation technique to evaluate seedling resistance. ICEAP 87105 and ICEAP 01285 had significantly negative general combining ability (GCA) effects for days to 75% maturity (DTM), whereas MWPLR 22, Sauma and Mwayiwathualimi had positive GCA effects for grain yield (GYD) in a desirable direction. The study selected the best hybrids such as ICEAP 01285 × MWPLR 14 for early maturity, FW resistance and a high GYD, and TZA 5582 × ICEAP 00554, TZA 5582 × MWPLR 14, and Mwayiwathualimi × MWPLR 22 for FW resistance and a high GYD. The narrow-sense heritability values varied from 27% (number of seeds per plant) to 97% (DTM). Parental lines TZA 5582 and MWPLR 14 made strong contributions to desirable gene combinations that improved agronomic traits in the selected crosses. The new hybrids form novel breeding populations useful in improving the traits of economic importance in pigeonpea.","PeriodicalId":15468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crop Improvement","volume":"36 1","pages":"842 - 865"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46766628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}