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Crime, Histoire & Sociétés最新文献

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Tribute to Professor Clive Emsley 向克莱夫·埃姆斯利教授致敬
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2924
Paul Lawrence
{"title":"Tribute to Professor Clive Emsley","authors":"Paul Lawrence","doi":"10.4000/chs.2924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2924","url":null,"abstract":"Clive Emsley was one of the foremost exponents of criminal justice history, a long-standing contributor to this journal and a constant friend to many members of its Editorial Board. A generous and inclusive scholar, with a vast store of knowledge and a prodigious tally of influential publications, he helped to define and develop criminal justice history from the 1970s onwards, encouraging and nurturing a new generation of researchers along the way. Publishing at least one book, article, or ch...","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126326650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Testimonies to the History of Crime: The Italian Police Memoir, 1861-2014 犯罪史的证言:意大利警察回忆录，1861-2014
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2909
M. Soresina
{"title":"Testimonies to the History of Crime: The Italian Police Memoir, 1861-2014","authors":"M. Soresina","doi":"10.4000/chs.2909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2909","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses, for the first time, published memoirs by police officers following the unification of Italy. It argues that these memoirs are best considered as cultural artefacts, forming part of the popular literature of the period. That said, they developed into a distinct literary sub-genre. It is in fact a literary genre which developed as an editorial product in the wake of the nascent literature of investigation. Periodically, the memoir succeeded in arousing public interest, while never establishing itself as a stable genre in Italian publishing — something due to a lack of robust professional pride within the Italian police, which in turn provoked a lack of interest in the representation of their function and therefore an inability to enthuse the public. However, these memoirs contain stimulating pointers to the history of the social motivations, professional culture and ethics of police officers and officials, especially with reference to the history of the perception of crime and deviance in popular literature.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"2002 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128565054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Distance and proximity 距离和接近
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2870
Laura Nys
{"title":"Distance and proximity","authors":"Laura Nys","doi":"10.4000/chs.2870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2870","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on interpersonal relations between staff members and juvenile delinquents detained in the State Reformatory of Mol, a disciplinary institution in Belgium, between 1927 and 1960. While historical scholarship provides ample knowledge of the history of disciplinary techniques, coercive practices and subtle resistance by detainees, it fails to address the broader spectrum of social interactions coexisting alongside formal coercion. This article argues that alongside coercive practices, there was a multiplicity of social interactions taking place within the walls of the reformatory. Ego-documents from both pupils and educators provide insight into the micro-interactions between staff members and detainees. The first sections elaborate upon the coexistence of different pedagogical styles among the staff members, depending on their function in the reformatory and on the time period. The subsequent section illustrates how pupils contested their educators’ behaviour, in particular regarding self-restraint. Lastly, it discusses the balance between face-to-face and epistolary interactions in the relation between pupils and the director, both during and after the detention. While this article does not deny the violent nature of carceral relations, it does seek to show that, to address the complexity of carceral relations, it is necessary to acknowledge the coexistence of multiple ways of interactions, their nature, and their changes throughout time.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122055477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
David Hitchcock, Vagrancy in English Culture and Society, 1650-1750 大卫·希区柯克:《英国文化与社会中的流浪者，1650-1750》
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2948
James Sharpe
{"title":"David Hitchcock, Vagrancy in English Culture and Society, 1650-1750","authors":"James Sharpe","doi":"10.4000/chs.2948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2948","url":null,"abstract":"Before the advent of the “New Social History” in the 1960s, conventional wisdom among historians about vagrancy in early modern England was founded on a number of contemporary print commentaries which depicted vagrants as a threat to the well-ordered commonwealth, portraying them as an organised and hierarchical “fraternity of vagabonds” whose values subverted the social norms and values of respectable society. Early work on relevant archival sources (Paul Slack and A.L. Beier were two notewo...","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126727312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Karl Härter, Strafrechts- und Kriminalitätsgeschichte der Frühen Neuzeit 卡尔卡尔，刑法和犯罪史
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2934
Falk Bretschneider
{"title":"Karl Härter, Strafrechts- und Kriminalitätsgeschichte der Frühen Neuzeit","authors":"Falk Bretschneider","doi":"10.4000/chs.2934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2934","url":null,"abstract":"Il y a vingt ou trente annees, l’histoire de la criminalite et de la justice penale accusait encore, en Allemagne, un certain retard par rapport a d’autres historiographies, notamment anglaise et francaise. Ce retard, peut-on dire sans trop s’avancer, est rattrape. En temoignent notamment les manuels proposant d’introduire le lecteur aux debats scientifiques centraux et les principales sources et techniques de travail du champ. Celui de G. Schwerhoff, paru sous le titre Historische Kriminalit...","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114195670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Colin Rose, A Renaissance of Violence: Homicide in Early Modern Italy 科林·罗斯，《暴力的复兴:近代早期意大利的凶杀》
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2940
S. Muurling
{"title":"Colin Rose, A Renaissance of Violence: Homicide in Early Modern Italy","authors":"S. Muurling","doi":"10.4000/chs.2940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2940","url":null,"abstract":"Early modern northern Italy presents an interesting conundrum in the debates about the causes of the long-term historical decline of lethal violence. Explanations for the centuries-long decline in homicide usually broadly rely on Elias’ theory of the civilizing process, suggesting that self-control rose as individuals internalised social controls promoted by the expansion of the state and the extension of the market economy. But northern Italy until the eighteenth century had not only develop...","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133597984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knowledge of the Unknown 未知的知识
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2890
Sophie Ledebur
{"title":"Knowledge of the Unknown","authors":"Sophie Ledebur","doi":"10.4000/chs.2890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2890","url":null,"abstract":"Undetected and unreported crime are among the most pressing challenges of crime statistics. Since the late 1960s and early 1970s, victim surveys and self-report surveys have helped to paint a clearer picture of the social reality of crime, and in modern criminology such tools are now state of the art. Yet despite the current boom in survey-based methods, the history of this quest to define the “reality of crime” remains largely obscure. Its roots extend much further back to an age well before the “dark figure” of crime became, at least in part, a measurable entity. This paper explores the historical context behind an emerging awareness of undiscovered crime at the turn to the 19th century. The knowledge that knowledge was deficient emerged out of practices of criminal investigation. It is considered here in the light of a perception in German territories on the threshold to a modern administration that itinerant thieves and vagabonds posed a very real danger. The paper examines methods adopted to probe uncharted realms, thereby stabilizing the veracity of this “knowledge of the unknown”.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124580468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Susan A. Ashley, “Misfits” in Fin-de-Siècle France and Italy: Anatomies of Difference 苏珊·a·阿什利:《法国与意大利的不合群者:差异的解剖》
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2988
K. Watson
{"title":"Susan A. Ashley, “Misfits” in Fin-de-Siècle France and Italy: Anatomies of Difference","authors":"K. Watson","doi":"10.4000/chs.2988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2988","url":null,"abstract":"What counts as normal? That’s the question the author sets out to answer, focusing on France and Italy in the fin-de-siecle period (roughly 1870-1914), where six groups of people seemed to embody the mental and physical toll of modern life. Essentially a history of ideas about difference, the book explores the efforts of specialists and observers to identify, classify, explain and respond to aberrant and transgressive behaviours exhibited by mental misfits (geniuses, lunatics, neurotics) and ...","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130131527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hanged Bodies and Melancholic Minds 被绞死的尸体和忧郁的心灵
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2020-12-22 DOI: 10.4000/CHS.2813
Kevin Dekoster
{"title":"Hanged Bodies and Melancholic Minds","authors":"Kevin Dekoster","doi":"10.4000/CHS.2813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/CHS.2813","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses some major developments in the forensic investigation of suicide in early modern Flanders by focussing on the two main roles that medical practitioners played in suicide proceedings. First, they were asked to examine the corpses of alleged suicides in order to establish the actual cause of death and possibly unmask murders that were staged as suicides by hanging — a much-debated topic in the early modern medico-legal literature. Second, physicians and surgeons were increasingly required to attest to the mental state of suicides prior to their death, and in this way they underpinned the growing judicial leniency that eventually culminated in the official decriminalisation of suicide in 1782. Although medical evidence of insanity was frequently employed in eighteenth-century suicide trials, it never became a routine feature of all Flemish suicide proceedings. Medical practitioners only testified regarding this matter if they possessed personal knowledge of a suicide’s mental condition sufficient for giving a proper opinion as to his or her purported madness. Hence, while Flemish physicians and surgeons generally linked suicide to mental derangement, they were not the major driving force behind the final decriminalisation of self-murder.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127953025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La « paix des dames » : le rôle des veuves des victimes d’homicides, un facteur de pacification des mœurs ? “女士们的和平”:谋杀受害者的寡妇的角色，一个安抚道德的因素?
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2020-12-22 DOI: 10.4000/CHS.2811
Bernard Dauven
{"title":"La « paix des dames » : le rôle des veuves des victimes d’homicides, un facteur de pacification des mœurs ?","authors":"Bernard Dauven","doi":"10.4000/CHS.2811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/CHS.2811","url":null,"abstract":"Dans le duche de Brabant, au XVIIe siecle, les veuves des victimes d’homicides prennent une place importante dans les suites donnees a ces homicides (paix a partie, remissions, proces, enterinement des remissions). Precedemment ces suites etaient l’apanage des hommes (freres, pere et fils des victimes). Le resserrement et la feminisation des solidarites impliqueraient une baisse des taux d’homicides et une judiciarisation des suites donnees a ce comportement criminel.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131608432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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