Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of the Role of the Pharmacy Staff in Undiagnosed Skin Problems Using Virtual Patient Profiles","authors":"Sümeyra Lübeyne Söylemez,&nbsp;Şule Apikoğlu","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/4983022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/4983022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Community pharmacies play a central role in supporting self-care, and individuals experiencing skin-related issues frequently seek guidance from pharmacy personnel. This study aimed to assess the competencies and attitudes of pharmacy staff in managing common dermatological conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The research was carried out in 100 community pharmacies across Istanbul. Five simulated patient cases representing dermatitis, athlete’s foot, diaper rash, acne, and psoriasis were created. For each scenario, the most appropriate management pathway was predefined by a dermatologist and a clinical pharmacist. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to review and evaluate three of these cases. Their decision-making processes, including case identification and management, were analyzed. Pharmacy staff also completed a questionnaire exploring the reasons patients consult pharmacies for undiagnosed skin concerns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 76 pharmacists and 24 pharmacy technicians took part in the study, with women accounting for 47% of the participants. The mean age was 42.72 ± 12.57 years, and the average professional experience was 17.65 ± 10.92 years. The proportion of pharmacy staff who selected the correct pathway for each scenario was 33.3%, 28.3%, 28.3%, 11.7%, and 11.7%, respectively. Participants additionally reported why patients prefer to approach pharmacies for skin problems: ease of access without the need for an appointment (97%), the availability of free advice (95%), familiarity with the pharmacy team (97%), and trust that pharmacists will assess the problem and refer them to a physician when required (89%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study indicates that many pharmacists are not adequately prepared to provide optimal counseling for dermatological issues. Strengthening pharmacists’ dermatology-related knowledge and skills could enhance patient outcomes and support more effective self-care. Structured educational modules led by clinical pharmacists may be a beneficial strategy for improving pharmacy staff competence in dermatology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/4983022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Side Effects of Intravenous Methylprednisolone in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients With Neurological Diseases","authors":"Baotian Wang,&nbsp;Shunxin Wang,&nbsp;Li Yang,&nbsp;Junhong Jiang,&nbsp;Ran Hua,&nbsp;Jiulai Tang,&nbsp;De Wu","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/5576276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/5576276","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy is being increasingly used in the treatment of neurological disorders; however, there is still a lack of studies on the side effects associated with this treatment regimen in the context of neurological diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who received high-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy for neurological diseases at our hospital between January 2021 and August 2025. The clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, and outcomes were documented. We summarized and compared the clinical features of side effects associated with high-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy and investigated their risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 42 pediatric patients were enrolled in this study. The most frequently observed adverse effect was decreased heart rate (41/42), among whom 14 cases developed sinus bradycardia. Additionally, 33 patients exhibited elevated WBC count. Concurrent presentation of decreased heart rate and elevated WBC count was observed in 31 patients, while coexisting sinus bradycardia and elevated WBC count were documented in 13 patients. We did not observe other commonly reported adverse effects such as hypertension and electrolyte disturbances. The side effects of methylprednisolone pulse therapy (increased WBC count and reduced heart rate) both showed a positive correlation with patient age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The occurrence of bradycardia and leukocytosis is observed in pediatric patients following methylprednisolone pulse therapy for neurological diseases during hospitalization. These phenomena, being asymptomatic and frequently going unnoticed, generally require no specific treatment and allow for the continuation of the therapeutic course with vigilant monitoring. However, it is important to note that five patients still exhibited sinus bradycardia at discharge, and long-term outcomes were not assessed in this study. Therefore, our conclusions regarding the safety of continuing pulse therapy are based solely on short-term in-hospital observations. Ambulatory ECG monitoring is recommended prior to high-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/5576276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lippia citriodora Essential Oils Induce Cytotoxicity and Modify Transcription Levels of Bcl-2, Bax, p53, and c-Jun Genes in Breast Cancer Cells","authors":"Moulay Ali Oukerrou,&nbsp;Mounir Tilaoui,&nbsp;Bouchra Lourhlam,&nbsp;Hassan Ait Mouse,&nbsp;Abdelmajid Zyad","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/6127245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/6127245","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, essential oils have attracted wide attention because of their extensive applications in biomedical products, pharmaceutical preparations, and treating various human diseases, particularly for cancer therapy and as an option to find novel chemical entities as promising anticancer drugs. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of <i>Lippia citriodora</i> essential oils on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and investigated their potential mechanism of action, focusing on apoptosis/necrosis induction and the modulation of <i>p53</i>, <i>Bcl-2/Bax</i>, and <i>c-Jun</i> gene transcription. The cytotoxic activity was assessed on MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells using the MTT assay. Apoptotic effects were further examined through DNA fragmentation analysis and Annexin V–biotin streptavidin FITC/propidium iodide staining. In addition, changes in the relative mRNA expression levels of <i>p53</i>, <i>Bcl-2</i>, <i>Bax</i>, and <i>c-Jun</i> genes were analyzed using RT-qPCR. The results revealed a potent dose-dependent cytotoxic effect of the essential oil on MCF-7 cells, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 34.72 to 70.75 μg/mL. Furthermore, essential oil–treated MCF-7 cells exhibited characteristics of late apoptosis and necrosis. Gene expression analysis showed a significant upregulation of <i>Bax</i>, <i>Bcl-2</i>, <i>p53</i>, and <i>c-Jun</i> transcripts 12 h posttreatment. Overall, these findings suggest that the essential oil induces cell death primarily through necrosis and late apoptosis, potentially by targeting cellular DNA and upregulating key apoptosis-related genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/6127245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RAD-SHIP—A New Model Called Rational Antibiotic Use-Stewardship to Control Antimicrobial Use Intensity and Effectiveness in Hospitals","authors":"Hua Gao,&nbsp;Ling Li,&nbsp;Hao Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Ma,&nbsp;Yafen Wang","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/4429079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/4429079","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global public health, primarily due to the irrational or excessive use of antimicrobial agents, which reduces or completely eliminates the sensitivity of microorganisms to drugs, complicating treatment. AMR is particularly prevalent in healthcare institutions, where the overuse and misuse of antibiotics have accelerated the emergence of resistant strains. Therefore, Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) are essential for optimizing antimicrobial therapy, improving patient outcomes, and minimizing adverse effects, including the emergence of resistance.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study aims to develop a new model for managing the intensity of antimicrobial use within healthcare institutions. The model seeks to balance effective treatment with the minimization of AMR.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Outcome Measures&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The determined observed indicator is the antimicrobial use intensity (DDDs/1000 patient-days) and the antimicrobial use rate of each year.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Since the implementation of the RAD-SHIP model in 2021, through multidisciplinary collaboration and led by clinical pharmacists in intervention measures, the hospital has seen a declining trend in annual DDD intensity and antimicrobial use rate.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The RAD-SHIP model presents a novel and systematic approach to antimicrobial stewardship, skillfully balancing clinical needs with resistance control. By integrating scientific thresholds, pharmacist-led interventions, intelligent monitoring, and behavioral training, it has achieved remarkable results. It has successfully reduced the antibiotic use density (AUD) and antibiotic use rate (AUR) while enhancing interdepartmental prescribing rationality. Differentiated Management: High-impact departments such as the ICU and respiratory department have received customized interventions, while low-use departments like oncology and ophthalmology have maintained optimal prescribing. Resistance Mitigation: The reduction in CRAB resistance gaps indicates that rational antimicrobial use can slow down the development of resistance. Scalability Potential: With regional adaptations, for example, adjusting thresholds for dry climates like in Ningxia, the model can be extended to diverse healthcare settings. The implementation of the R","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/4429079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146096577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Clinically Significant Potential Drug–Drug Interactions in Turkish Pediatric Intensive Care Units: Results From a Nationwide Point Prevalence Study","authors":"Emel Uyar,&nbsp;Yunus Emre Ayhan,&nbsp;Feyza İnceköy Girgin,&nbsp;Cüneyd Enver,&nbsp;Betul Okuyan,&nbsp;Mesut Sancar,&nbsp;Nilüfer Yalındağ Öztürk,&nbsp;Turkish DDI Study Group","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/1821108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/1821108","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polypharmacy is a major concern in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), where critically ill children receive multiple medications, increasing the risk of clinically significant potential drug–drug interactions (pDDIs). However, data on pDDI prevalence in PICUs remain limited. This study investigates the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of pDDIs in PICU patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A nationwide, cross-sectional point prevalence study was conducted in 50 Turkish PICUs, including hospitalized patients (1 month–18 years) receiving ≥ 2 medications. Demographic, comorbidity, medication use, mortality scores, ventilation status, and infection data were collected. pDDIs were identified by Lexicomp interactions and classified as A (no interaction), B (mild), C (moderate), D (severe), and X (contraindicated), with only D and X interactions analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 517 patients (median age: 18.0 months [IQR: 7.0–60.0], 59.8% male), 51.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 46.8–55.6) had a clinically significant pDDI (D or X category). The most common X category interactions were chloral hydrate–furosemide (1.8%) and fluconazole–domperidone (1.2%), while D category interactions included fentanyl–midazolam (13.6%) and fentanyl–levetiracetam (6.0%). Risk factors for pDDIs included higher PRISM score (OR = 1.0; 95% CI: 1.0–1.0; and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), increased number of medications (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.4–1.6; and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), polypharmacy (OR = 13.6; 95% CI: 6.1–30.3; and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), mechanical ventilation (OR = 3.7; 95% CI: 2.5–5.6; and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and presence of infection (OR = 22.2; 95% CI:1.5–3.2; and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study confirms a high prevalence of clinically significant pDDIs in Turkish PICUs, mainly due to polypharmacy, organ dysfunction, and comorbidities. The high prevalence of fentanyl–midazolam interactions highlights the need to differentiate between harmful interactions and therapeutic synergies. Integrating clinical pharmacists and developing pediatric-specific pDDI software are crucial to enhancing medication safety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/1821108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145983610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutics for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Phase 4 Clinical Trial Analysis With a Focus on Disability Outcomes","authors":"Nasser M. Alorfi,&nbsp;Fahad S. Alshehri,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Ashour,&nbsp;Mohammed M. Aldurdunji,&nbsp;Mustfa Faisal Alkhanani,&nbsp;Reem Hasaballah Alhasani,&nbsp;Mohammed S. Alharthi,&nbsp;Nasser M. Aldekhail","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/8453371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/8453371","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease marked by persistent synovitis, cartilage damage, progressive disability, and a significant decline in quality of life. The advent of biologics and small molecule inhibitors has substantially improved disease management and reduced disability. However, the long-term impact of these therapies on disease progression and functional outcomes remains a critical area of ongoing research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and disability outcomes of various therapeutics for RA by analyzing completed Phase 4 interventional clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted on October 28, 2024, focusing on completed Phase 4 interventional studies with results, targeting RA treatments. Inclusion criteria covered studies involving biologics, small molecule inhibitors, and combination therapies aimed at managing RA. Key outcome measures such as Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28), The American College of Rheumatology response criteria, patient-reported outcomes, and disability-related measures were extracted and analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis found that therapeutic advances, including TNF inhibitors, IL-6R inhibitors, and JAK inhibitors, demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing disease activity and improving functional outcomes. Long-term data revealed that these treatments delay or reduce disability progression, although differences in safety profiles were noted, particularly with JAK inhibitors showing an increased risk of thromboembolic events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phase 4 clinical trials provide real-world evidence of the effectiveness and safety of RA therapeutics, with a positive impact on disability management. Ongoing research and postmarketing surveillance are essential to optimizing treatment strategies and addressing residual disability in RA patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/8453371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145904905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Intravenous Drug Administration to the Critically Ill: Compatibility of Ginkgo Biloba Extract With Frequently Used Drugs in the Neurological Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Haiwen Ding,&nbsp;Tong Tong,&nbsp;Jie Li,&nbsp;Zhaolin Chen,&nbsp;Liqin Tang,&nbsp;Sheng Liu,&nbsp;Peifang Li","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/6129000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/6129000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ginkgo biloba extract (EGB), a traditional Chinese medicine extracted from the Ginkgophyta, was used to regulate various neurological disorders (NDs). Limited compatibility data exist on EGB after marketing with other drugs administered simultaneously through the Y-site. This study aimed to determine the compatibility of EGB during simulated Y-site administration with 35 continuous infusion drugs that are commonly administered in the neurological intensive care units (<b>NICU</b>s).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The compatibility of EGB with these drugs was determined using a well-established experimental model to simulate Y-site administration. EGB (0.35 mg/mL) was mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 with the secondary drug solution to simulate Y-site coadministration procedures in NICUs. All other drugs were prepared at maximum concentrations commonly administered in the clinical setting. Compatibility was assessed by visual inspection (observations of haziness, color change, or precipitate formation), the Tyndall effect, chromaticity, pH, turbidity, insoluble particles, and UV absorption at 0, 1, 2, and 4 h postmixing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study has identified 25 (71%) combinations that are compatible and 10 combinations that are incompatible within four hours. Visual changes occurred with EGB + acyclovir and EGB + ganciclovir. The turbidity of the mixed solution of EGB + calcium gluconate exceeds the specification. Binary combinations of EGB + aceglutamide, EGB + aescin sodium, EGB + amiodarone hydrochloride, EGB + fosfomycin, EGB + ganciclovir, EGB + meropenem, EGB + omeprazole, and EGB + vinpocetine had particles that grew over the limitation of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia specification. Both admixtures of EGB + acyclovir and EGB + amiodarone hydrochloride absorption at 420 nm and 550 nm exceeded the prescribed limits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is strongly advised against combining EGB 0.35 mg/mL with acyclovir, aceglutamide, aescin sodium, amiodarone hydrochloride, calcium gluconate, fosfomycin sodium, ganciclovir, meropenem, or omeprazole, as well as vinpocetine. If coadministration is inevitable, a larger volume of saline (NS) or dextrose 5% in water (D5W) should be used to flush the port catheter before and after the EGB infusion to clean the lumen of the port catheter.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/6129000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145887649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to Methotrexate Safety Guidelines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Real-World Evidence From South Africa’s Public Health System","authors":"Onyinye Akunne,&nbsp;Yasmina Johnson,&nbsp;Yasmine Van Heerden,&nbsp;Nicole Keuler,&nbsp;Alex Wehmeyer,&nbsp;Renier Coetzee","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/1802317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/1802317","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; What is Known and Objective?&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Methotrexate (MTX) is the cornerstone therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but is associated with potential haematologic and hepatic toxicities. In South Africa, treatment guidelines emphasise regular laboratory monitoring and folic acid supplementation to enhance treatment safety and reduce adverse effects. This study evaluates the implementation of these safety measures in a resource-constrained public health setting.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A retrospective review of electronic health records was conducted for adult RA patients (≥ 18 years) who had been prescribed oral MTX for at least six months in the Western Cape Province between January and December 2022. Data collected included patient demographics, MTX and folic acid prescriptions, laboratory test results (white cell count [WCC], platelet count [PLT] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) and comedications. Laboratory abnormalities were classified according to the WHO reference ranges. Correlation analysis assessed associations between MTX/folic acid doses and laboratory values.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results and Discussion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Among 820 patients included in the study (82.1% female, mean age 55 ± 13 years), 94.9% were prescribed folic acid at the initiation of MTX and 96.2% at their most recent visit. Monitoring adherence improved over time: At MTX initiation, 71.8% had baseline WCC/PLT and 72.2% had ALT records; within 6 months of the last visit, over 88% had follow-up laboratory results. Most patients had normal laboratory results at follow-up (WCC: 85.9%; PLT: 73.8%; ALT: 90.4%). Spearman’s correlation analysis did not identify significant associations between MTX/folic acid dose and laboratory values, likely reflecting narrow dose ranges and limited subgroup size. These findings highlight the success of safety monitoring practices and the coprescription of folic acid in reducing the risks associated with MTX.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; What is New and the Conclusion?&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study demonstrates that MTX safety monitoring and folic acid supplementation are well integrated into public RA care in South Africa, with a low incidence of laboratory abnormalities. Our exploratory correlation analysis did not identify significant associations between MTX/folic acid dose and laboratory values; however, this likely reflects narrow dose ranges and limited subgroup data rather than the absence of effect. These findings highlight the success of current safety practices while underscoring the need for larger, prospectiv","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/1802317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145751222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population Pharmacokinetics of Tigecycline in Critically Ill Patients and Optimal Dosage Regimens With Dose Simulations Based on Infection Type and Renal Function","authors":"Fen Yao,&nbsp;Yunpeng Bai,&nbsp;Junjiang Zhu,&nbsp;Feng Wang,&nbsp;Xipei Wang,&nbsp;Jingchun Chen,&nbsp;Yirong Wang,&nbsp;Wendong Huang,&nbsp;Wenting Li,&nbsp;Xin Liu,&nbsp;Xiao Wang,&nbsp;Jianglin Li,&nbsp;Chunbo Chen","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/6889748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/6889748","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study was conducted to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model that describes tigecycline concentrations in critically ill patients and optimises the detailed dosing regimens of tigecycline via Monte Carlo simulations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A single-centre, prospective, observational study was conducted on 155 patients hospitalised in the intensive care unit (ICU) with 458 plasma samples. This work enrolled 115 eligible patients (348 plasma samples) to establish the population PK model with various covariates and the other 40 patients (110 plasma samples) were validated on such a model. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to calculate the probability of target attainment (PTA) of proposal dosage regimens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The two-compartment model of zero-order absorption and first-order elimination can be used to fully describe the concentration–time curve of tigecycline. The estimated values of population PK parameters were 16.3 and 40.7 L/h for clearance (CL) and <i>Q</i>, respectively, and 145 and 345 L for the volumes of the central and peripheral compartments. Creatinine clearance (CrCL) was the only factor that exhibited a relation to systemic CL in the final PK model, with a CrCL adjustment factor of 0.00692. According to dose simulations, the standard dosage regimen only sufficed for pneumonia patients with a low value of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC = 0.25 mg/L) or renal dysfunction (MIC ≤ 1 mg/L, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m²). High doses of tigecycline were needed in such patients with a high MIC or a normal/high renal CL rate. For complicated intra-abdominal infections, the standard dose can achieve a high PTA when MIC ≤ 0.5 mg/L and under nonaugmented renal CL conditions. For complicated skin-structure infections, the standard dose can only achieve the expected therapeutic effect for patients with MIC = 0.25 mg/L and renal dysfunction (eGFR ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m²).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The recommended standard dosage regimen of tigecycline is insufficient for most critically ill patients. This study provides detailed dose regimens of tigecycline for ICU patients based on infection type and renal function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/6889748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145751221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Impaired Autophagic Flux by Citalopram Inhibits DR5 Degradation and Increases TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis”","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/jcpt/9816367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/9816367","url":null,"abstract":"<p>K. M. A. Zinnah, A. N. Munna, J.-W. Seol, and S.-Y. Park, “Impaired Autophagic Flux by Citalopram Inhibits DR5 Degradation and Increases TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis,” <i>Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics</i>, vol. 2025 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1155/jcpt/7538839.</p><p>In the article titled “Impaired Autophagic Flux by Citalopram Inhibits DR5 Degradation and Increases TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis,” there was an error in Figure 1(j) related to an incorrect image being used to represent the morphology of the Calu-3 cells.</p><p>This error was introduced by the authors during figure assembly and should be corrected as follows:</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":15381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jcpt/9816367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}