Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Retinopathy of prematurity - Intersibling divergence of risk factors among twins","authors":"Sudeep Navule Siddappa, K. Venugopal, Pavana Acharya, T. Joy","doi":"10.29328/journal.ijceo.1001026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ijceo.1001026","url":null,"abstract":"ROP is a disease process mostly reported in preterm neonates ranging from mild, transient changes in the retina with regression to severe progressive vasoproliferation, scarring, detachment of retina and blindness and it is common blinding disease in children and a major cause of vision loss among preterm infants [3]. Today it is well known that oxygen therapy is not the single causative factor, but many other risk factors play a causative role in the pathogenesis of ROP [4,5].","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"009-011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76262827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic pattern of refractive anomalies in Niger Delta presbyopes - Implications for preventive eye care practice","authors":"I. Chukwuka, C. Pedro-Egbe","doi":"10.29328/journal.ijceo.1001025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ijceo.1001025","url":null,"abstract":"Refractive error is a complex and multifactorial condition that varies in prevalence across populations with different genetics, demographics, ocular and extrinsic factors, such as education. The Nigerian National Blindness and Visual impairment Survey [3], indicated that uncorrected refractive error accounts for 57.1% of moderate visual impairment (visual acuity [VA], > 6/18–6/60). Economic consequences are considerable, as uncorrected refractive errors including presbyopia also affect people in the working-age group. Presbyopia is the type of refractive error which occurs due to loss of elasticity of the lens capsule and lens substance; it’s an age-related change and is common all over the world. This article reports on the types of refractive error that occur among patients in the presbyopic age group (35 to 80 years) in Port Harcourt, located in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. To the best of our knowledge, no such study has been conducted in this locality before for comparison with results from other parts of the country.","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":"005-008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86150543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofrequency vs. scalpel incision for upper blepharoplasty: A clinicopathologic and photo comparison","authors":"Juliana Senna Figueiredo Barbi, Leonardo Diniz, R. O. E. Santo, Ícaro Perez Soares, Magda Pires","doi":"10.29328/journal.ijceo.1001024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ijceo.1001024","url":null,"abstract":"Cosmetic blepharoplasty of the upper eyelids has long been a mainstay of aesthetic surgeons and remains one of the most requested functional and aesthetic procedures. Multiple incisional modalities have been used over the years, including scalpel, scissors, electro surgery, radio wave surgery, and CO2 laser [1-12]. Although conventional surgery with scalpel and scissors (i.e., cold incision) produces aesthetic results, it applies skin stretching during incision and leads to enhanced bleeding and increased postoperative edema, ecchymosis, and discomfort [3]. By contrast, radio wave surgery (also designated radiofrequency [RF] surgery or radiosurgery), provides a pressure less incision with no dragging or bunching of tissue (concomitant with an enhanced precision of incision), and a simultaneous cutting and coagulation mode maintains a bloodless surgical ield, with minor risks of postoperative hematoma. However, it does lead to lateral tissue damage caused by heat production in the tissue1. Surprisingly, only a few studies were found comparing these two incision modalities in the same patient [1,2]. Abstract","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"138 1","pages":"001-004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75921565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Imaging in a Long-standing Case of Pattern Dystrophy","authors":"L. Desideri, P. Cirafici, C. Traverso, Massimo Nicol","doi":"10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.864","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study is to report the case of a patient diagnosed with butterfly pattern dystrophy (BPD), which during yearly follow-up visits developed a concomitant pachychoroidal neovasculopathy (PNV). Methods: Case report focusing on the role multimodal imaging in patients with pattern dystrophies (PDs) Case report: We describe a case of a 52-year-old woman,which was initially diagnosed with BPD by fundus examination, fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomofraphy findings. Interestingly, during yearly follow-up visits, the presence of a thickened choroid bilaterally associated with the onset of concomitant choroidal neovascularizations (CNVs) in the right eye was made possibile by adopting multimodal imaging, in particular optical coherence tomography angiography. Fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography findings helped us to make the diagnosis of PNV. Conclusion: We described for the first time a case of PD, which after several years progressed to PNV. Hence, we deem that multimodal imaging and in particular optical coherence tomography angiography represent an important diagnostic tool in the management of PDs.","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80558158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thiol and Glutathione Homeostasis Parameters as Plasma Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Macular Degeneration","authors":"Sardar Bicili, Mehmed Uğur Işık, M. Alışık","doi":"10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.862","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine extracellular thiol homeostasis and intracellular glutathione homeostasis as a plasma biomarker for oxidative stress and to compare these parameters in non-exudative/exudative AMD patients and healthy individuals. Method: 30 non-exudative AMD, 28 exudative AMD, and 36 age-matched healthy control subjects enrolled to the study. Extracellular total thiol, native thiol, disulphide amounts and intracellular oxidized/reduced glutathione levels of subjects were determined, and disulphide/thiol and oxidized/reduced glutathione percent ratios were calculated. Results: In comparison with the control group both non-exudative and exudative AMD patients had higher plasma disulfide levels (20.5(4.8) vs. 4(3.1), p<0.001 and 22.5(7.5) vs. 15.4(3.1), p<0.001; respectively) and higher disulphide/thiol (6.64(2.57) vs. 5.4(1.9), p=0,002 and 7.05(3.14) vs. 5.4(1.9), p<0.001; respectively), in addition to higher oxidized glutathione levels (64.6(40.8) vs. 27.3(21.9), p=0.015 and 73.9(44.1) vs. 27.3(21.9), p=0.002; respectively) and oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio(6.48(8.35) vs. 3.14(3.31), p=0,034 and 10.21(10.28) vs. 3.14(3.31), p=0,003; respectively). Although there was no significant difference between groups in term of total thiol (361.5(61.6), 355.1(87.7) and 340.9(72.4), respectively, p=0,585); native thiol (318.8(62.4), 307.1(73.7) and 299.3(79.2), respectively, p=0,382); total reduced glutathione (986.3(282.1), 871.5(271.6) and 881.8(290.9), respectively, p=0.344) and native reduced glutathione (873.4(367.6), 723.7(379.0) and 797.2(307.5), respectively, p=0,113). However, there was no significant difference between non-exudative and exudative AMD groups in terms of both extracellular thiol homeostasis and intracellular glutathione homeostasis. Conclusion: Greater extent of both extracellular disulphide and intracellular oxidized glutathione production occurred in AMD patients compared to age-matched healthy controls indicates the role of increased oxidative stress in AMD development. Further studies are needed to confirm the pathophysiologic role of homeostasis in these buffer systems in AMD.","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80711837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome and Associated Factors among Postgraduate Students at University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019","authors":"S. Belay, A. Alemayehu, M. Hussen","doi":"10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.849","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Computer vision syndrome is one of the major public health problems. However, the prevalence and associated factors were unknown among postgraduate students, making provision and intervention treatment more difficult. This study was intended to fill this gap. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-tested structured self-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into epidemiological information version 7 and exported to SPSS for analysis. p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 359 students participated in this study, with a response rate of 96.38%. The prevalence of computer vision syndrome was 84.4% (95% CI, 80.10-88.00). Students who used a computer for more than 4.6 hours per day (AOR: 3.763, 95% CI : 1.732, 8.176), the position of computer (AOR: 3.949, 95% CI: 1.308,11.921), using a computer without a break (AOR: 2.891, 95% CI: 1.397, 5.985), presence of glare on a computer (AOR: 3.864, 95% CI: 1.601,9.329), and older age (AOR=3.295, 95% CI: 1.245, 8.722) and (AOR: 4.828, 95% CI: 1.121, 20.797) were statistically associated with computer vision syndrome. Conclusion: In this study, the most common symptoms were blurred vision, eye irritation, and headache. Age, time spent on computer, the habit of taking a break, the level of computer and presence of glare were associated with the development of CVS.","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75025974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macular Thickness in Cameroonians Sickle Cell Patients","authors":"J. Njoya, G. Koki, O. Cherkaoui","doi":"10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.835","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the most common genetic disease in the world. It is particularly prevalent in Africa south of the Sahara. In Cameroon. Several authors have described morphological changes from the macula to Optical Coherence Tomography-Spectral Domain (SD OCT) including the thinning of the predominant inner layers in the temporal area. Methodology: This is a prospective analytic study. It was conducted mainly at the specialized ophthalmology department of the Army Military Application and Reference Hospital of Yaounde (HMARAY) in Cameroon. Clinical ophthalmologic exam was done and biological parameters (rate of hemoglobin, electrophoretic quantification of S hemoglobin) registered from October 2016 to June 2017.We included: Any AS patient or Cameroonian SS patient who is 20 years of age or older; sickle cell patients AS or SS without intercurrent retinal pathology (strong myopia, diabetic retinopathy, vitreoretinal interface pathology). Results: In our study the average age is 31 years. There is a predominance of female versus male sex ratio H/F=0.56. 84% of eyes had retinal lesions suggestive of non-proliferative retinopathy in the retina. The solar black spots were the most found retinal lesions (66.66%). Lesions were more localized temporally. In the OCT measurement, 60% of the eyes showed a decreased retinal thickness SD with 53% concerning the temporal retina. An hemoglobin level between 7 and 10 g/dl was found in 40% of our patients, 24% has severe anemia (hemoglobin<7 g/dl). All our patients had a percentage of hemoglobin S greater than 80%. No decrease in visual acuity in our patients who had a decrease in retinal thickness at OCT SD. Conclusion: There is a thinning of the retinal layers in SS Cameroonian sickle cell patients in the temporal region of the macula. Patients with retinal thinning are asymptomatic with preserved visual acuity.","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"191 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79618400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acquired Esotropia, Results of Surgical Treatment in Albania","authors":"T. Alketa, Ili, Anxhela Stermilli, F. Solis, Dorina Toçi","doi":"10.35248/2155-9570.21.11.856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9570.21.11.856","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acquired esotropia is a type of strabismus, which usually manifests around the age of 1-3 years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of the surgical treatment of acquired partially accommodative and nonaccommodative esotropia in a group of esotropia patients in Albania. Methods: In total 52 patients aged 2-27 years, diagnosed with acquired partially or non-accommodative esotropia during the period January 2012-December 2017, participated in the study. Patients with complete accommodative esotropia were excluded. Ocular deviation and other parameters were assessed before and after operation and the results were compared to check whether differences were statistically significant. Results: Half (50%) of patients were 2-7 years of age (54% males). Retroposition was the most common surgical procedure, carried out in 50% of cases. Compared to before the intervention, after the intervention there was a significant universal reduction of ocular deviation in all patients at distance or near vision, with or without correction; a significant increase in the proportion of patients acquiring/retaining 3D vision and binocular vision, experiencing no suppression and no excyclotorsion. The most common complication related to surgical intervention was anesthesia-related vomiting (23.1%) and under correction or overcorrection (23.1% of cases). No significant changes were detected in the average visual acuity and the level of manifest and cycloplegic refraction. Conclusion: Surgical treatment for acquired esotropia is an effective procedure, based on significant reduction of mean ocular deviation and improved results of sensory tests after the intervention. Patients with post-surgical undercorrection and overcorrection need to be appropriately followed-up and treated.","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"97 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84035771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Rare Case Report and the Associated Challenges","authors":"Shipra Sharada","doi":"10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9570.20.11.838","url":null,"abstract":"Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumour of mesenchymal origin with an aggressive pattern of growth. Its occurrence is quite rare in children and adolescents, and even rarer in adults. We discuss the case of a young adult female diagnosed with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80366409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatments for dry eye disease: A comparison analysis","authors":"Buck Willis, Justus W Thomas, M. Vital, Fiaz Zaman, J. Goosey","doi":"10.35248/2155-9570.21.11.857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9570.21.11.857","url":null,"abstract":"Dry eye Disease (DED) effects up to 30% of the global population (2.25 Billion people) and this inflammatory condition of ocular surfaces has symptoms of visual disturbances, eye discomfort, tear film instability, etc. In the United States the average cost of treating this anomaly is over $6,500 with incidence rate of up to 20 million patients. This meeting will discuss three primary treatments of Cyclosporine 5%, Lifitegrast, and studies showing significance and differences between these treatments. A recent Systematic Review with meta-analysis was conducted on studies of Topical Cyclosporine 5% (Restasis®; Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA). The 12 studies (mean 25 weeks) included 629 subjects receiving treatment of Restasis. The outcome measure shared between these studies was the Schirmer #1 test and the mean score reduction was 2.7 mm. A retrospective case/control study was conducted, measuring efficacy of Lifitegrast (Xiidra® Shire, Inc. Lexington, MA) versus other treatments in over 2,000 eyes. The mechanism of action is different than Cyclosporine because Lifitegrast reduces ocular inflammation as an integrin antagonist that blocks binding of ICAM-1 to LFA-1 on the T-cell surfaces. Testing in this investigation was accomplished with Schirmer’s tests, Corneal staining, and tear film Break Up Time (tBUT) in different sub populations. Even with different testing mechanisms, these Lifitegrast patients showed significant changes, particularly in short-term follow ups.","PeriodicalId":15372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86930739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}