Journal of Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Irinotecan dosing and pharmacogenomics: a comprehensive exploration based on <i>UGT1A1</i> variants and emerging insights.","authors":"Muhammad Saleem Faisal, Imran Hussain, Muhammad Abdullah Ikram, Syed Babar Shah, Abdul Rehman, Wajid Iqbal","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2349444","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2349444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Irinotecan is a critical anticancer drug used to treat metastatic colorectal cancer and advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by obstructing topoisomerase 1; however, it can cause minor-to-severe and life-threatening adverse effects. UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 (<i>UGT1A1</i>) polymorphisms increase the risk of irinotecan-induced neutropenia and diarrhea. Hence, screening for <i>UGT1A1</i> polymorphisms before irinotecan-based chemotherapy is recommended to minimize toxicity, whereas liposomes offer the potential to deliver irinotecan with fewer side effects in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the effects of genotype-guided dosing of irinotecan on <i>UGT1A1*28</i> and <i>UGT1A1*6</i> variants, incorporating pharmacogenomic research, optimal regimens for metastatic colorectal and pancreatic cancer treatment using irinotecan, guidelines for toxicity reduction, and an evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of <i>UGT1A1</i> genotype testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"199-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure-response analyses of pemigatinib in patients with myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 rearrangement.","authors":"Xiaohua Gong, Ayman Akil, Boris Grinshpun, Jose Francis, Richard Khusial, Xiang Liu, Huiling Zhen, Mark Lovern, Xuejun Chen","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2497641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2497641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pemigatinib is a selective, potent, orally administered inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)1-3 with antitumor activity in multiple solid tumors. Pemigatinib is used to treat adults with previously treated metastatic or surgically unresectable cholangiocarcinoma with <i>FGFR2</i> alterations, as well as adults with relapsed or refractory myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm (MLN) with an <i>FGFR1</i> rearrangement (MLN-<i>FGFR1</i>). Data from recent clinical studies were used to develop pemigatinib exposure-response models for patients with MLN-<i>FGFR1</i> and to evaluate the impact of pemigatinib exposure on efficacy and safety. The degree of pemigatinib exposure did not predict the level of efficacy in patients with MLN-<i>FGFR1</i> in this analysis. Pemigatinib exposure was a significant predictor of the frequency of clinically relevant treatment-emergent adverse events. The estimated probabilities of developing hyperphosphatemia, dry mouth, nail toxicity, alopecia, stomatitis, and diarrhea were higher with a continuous dosing schedule versus an intermittent dosing schedule.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural networks for the prediction of bacterial and fungal infections: current evidence and implications.","authors":"Cristina Marelli, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Alessandro Limongelli, Sabrina Guastavino, Cristina Campi, Michele Piana, Matteo Bassetti","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2492960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2492960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present narrative review, we discuss the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for predicting bacterial and fungal infections based on commonly available clinical and laboratory data, focusing on promises and challenges of these machine learning models. For predicting different bacterial or fungal infections from data commonly found in electronical medical records, ANN models may reach, based on current literature, an acceptable performance for discriminating between infected and non-infected patients, and outperformed other machine learning (ML)-based models in 38.3% of the retrieved studies evaluating at least another ML approach. In the near future, as for other ML models, the use of ANNs could be leveraged to provide real-time support to clinicians in clinical decision-making processes, although further research is needed in terms of quality of data and explainability of ANN model predictions to better understand whether and how these techniques can be safely adopted in everyday clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy in mesothelioma - systematic review and meta-analysis of immunotherapy impact on OS and its correlation with PFS and ORR.","authors":"Marko Skelin, Kaja Matić, Andrea Anić-Matić, Ivan Krečak, Bruna Perkov-Stipičin, Mirko Grubor","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2492935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2492935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesothelioma has a poor prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate less than 5%. Immunotherapy has been proven as a promising alternative to platinum-based therapies in first-line treatment. Our systematic literature search included 7 randomized clinical trials involving 2,549 patients to evaluate the impact of immunotherapy on OS across different lines of therapy, histologic subtypes, and ECOG performance status, and to assess the correlation between OS, progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR). Immunotherapy significantly improved OS (HR 0.78, <i>P</i> = 0.0005) with a similar benefit observed in first-line and second/later-line treatment (<i>P</i> = 0.25) as well as in all ECOG statuses (<i>P</i> = 0.32). A significantly greater benefit was observed in non-epithelioid compared to epithelioid mesothelioma (<i>P</i> = 0.002). Additionally, a strong correlation was shown only between OS and PFS (<i>r</i> = 0.86, <i>P</i> = 0.01). Our results emphasize the importance of immunotherapy in mesothelioma and further support PFS as a surrogate endpoint.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency testing for the prevention of fluoropyrimidine toxicity: a real-world experience in a Southern Italy cancer center.","authors":"Gabriella Bianchino, Alessandra Perrone, Alessandro Sgambato, Italo Sarno, Filomena Nozza, Ludmila Carmen Omer, Massimo Ulivi, Antonio Traficante, Biagina Campisi, Sabino Russi, Giovanni Calice, Geppino Falco, Alfredo Tartarone","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2489837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2489837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluoropyrimidines (FPs) are antineoplastic agents used for the treatment of various solid tumors, especially gastrointestinal cancers. Patients with variations in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene (<i>DPYD</i>), which can determine the partial or complete deficiency of the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase enzyme (DPD), are at an increased risk of developing severe and potentially life-threatening toxicity. Worldwide the introduction of pharmacogenetic testing into clinical practice has been a slow process and in our center the analysis of the <i>DPYD</i> gene has been adopted since April 2020. We evaluated the clinical application of routine DPYD screening and its ability to prevent early-onset of fluoropyrimidine-related toxicity in patients treated at the Oncology Reference Center of Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), a recognized cancer centre in Southern Italy. From April 2020 to November 2022, 300 patients (male 137; female 163) diagnosed with various types of cancer were subjected to <i>DPYD</i> genotyping, before starting treatment with FPs. In accordance with the current European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM) guidelines patients were tested for four <i>DPYD</i> variants that are associated with reduced DPD activity. FPs dose adjustments in <i>DPYD</i> variant carriers were made following the previously mentioned guidelines. Three hundred patients underwent <i>DPYD</i> testing and thirteen (4.3%) patients were found to be heterozygous variant carriers; ten out of thirteen patients received FP dose reduction as indicated by the guidelines, one out of thirteen patients received alternative treatment, two of the thirteen patients received no treatment at all. The main toxicities observed in patients who received a <i>DPYD</i> genotype-based dose reduction were anemia, neutropenia, nausea and mucositis but events were primarily grade 1 or 2. Our experience confirms the technical feasibility and the usefulness of <i>DPYD</i> genotyping to reduce the risk of severe FPs toxicities.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liposome-assisted combination chemotherapy improves the anti-proliferation and anti-angiogenesis response of cisplatin in breast cancer; experimental and computational study.","authors":"Nasim Valinezhadi, Gholamreza Dehghan, Mohammad Yaghoubzad-Maleki, Maryam Mohammadi, Ali Akbar Alizadeh, Hamed Hamishehkar","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2484078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2484078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Abstract</b>Combination chemotherapy using liposomes offers a promising approach to overcome chemotherapy resistance and minimize side effects in breast cancer treatment. This study explores the synergistic effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and cinnamaldehyde (CA) combined with cisplatin (CPT) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The liposomal formulation, CPT_ATRA_CA, significantly reduced cell proliferation to 25.9 ± 2.8% compared to controls and effectively inhibited angiogenesis. Additionally, it induced apoptosis, as demonstrated by flow cytometry, DAPI staining, and an elevated Bax/Bcl-2 gene expression ratio. Computational analysis via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation revealed that ATRA exhibited the highest binding affinity for angiogenin (ANG) with a binding energy of -106.072 kcal/mol. Experimental results, corroborated by computational data, highlight the potent anti-tumor effects of this drug trio. These findings suggest that liposomal delivery of ATRA, CA, and CPT could enhance therapeutic outcomes in breast cancer by targeting multiple pathways synergistically.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemotherapy extravasation: diagnosis, prevention and management.","authors":"Andrea Duminuco, Giuseppe Novello, Elisa Mauro, Elvira Scalisi, Vittorio Del Fabro, Daniela Sambataro, Giuseppe Palumbo, Francesco Di Raimondo, Demetria Romeo","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2488599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2488599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemotherapy extravasation, the unintended leakage of cytotoxic drugs into surrounding tissues, is a significant complication in oncological treatments, potentially leading to severe tissue damage and long-term consequences. This review explores the factors influencing extravasation risk, including infusion site, patient comorbidities and the physicochemical properties of drugs. Early detection is crucial to prevent irreversible damage. Treatment strategies vary based on the type of drug involved, ranging from topical dimethyl sulfoxide and hyaluronidase to specific antidotes like dexrazoxane for anthracycline extravasations. Preventive measures, including proper catheter placement, drug dilution and patient monitoring, are essential to mitigate risks. Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach, combining prompt recognition, intervention and ongoing education for healthcare providers to improve patient safety and outcomes in chemotherapy administration. Enhanced training on the early signs of extravasation and advancements in treatment modalities offer critical support in minimizing adverse effects, ensuring timely and appropriate care.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single versus two doses of palonosetron for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children: a double-blind placebo controlled randomized study.","authors":"Sandeep Jain, Neeraj Teotia, Payal Malhotra, Gauri Kapoor","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2488598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2488598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This single-centre, double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized study aimed to assess the efficacy of single versus two doses of palonosetron in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Children receiving multiple-day (scheduled for ≥3 days) moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC/HEC) were randomized to receive either a single (day 1) or two doses (days 1 and 4) of intravenous palonosetron, in addition to the standard antiemetic prophylaxis. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients with complete response (CR) for CIV in acute phase. One-hundred children receiving 307 blocks of MEC/HEC were randomized to receive one (Group A; <i>n</i> = 51) or two doses (Group B; <i>n</i> = 49) of palonosetron. Proportion of children showing CR for CIV was significantly higher during acute phase in Group B (69.4% vs. 49.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.04). There was no difference in response during delayed phase in two groups. On univariate analysis, younger patient (<10 years), those with solid tumours, did not receive dexamethasone that had significantly higher odds for breakthrough vomiting in Group A. None of these factors retained significance in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Additional intravenous dose of palonosetron on day 4 is effective in controlling CIV during acute phase in children receiving multiple-day MEC/HEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between trastuzumab treatment interruption and survival in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients: a retrospective study.","authors":"Ludmila Andrade Alves Ferreira, Mário Jorge Sobreira da Silva, Patricia Ribeiro Portella de Araújo, Maely Peçanha Fávero Retto","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2025.2485520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2025.2485520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study analyzed the effect of trastuzumab treatment interruption on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) within two years after diagnosis in women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Sociodemographic, clinicopathological, and therapeutic variables were collected from medical records of patients diagnosed between 2013 and 2017 at a comprehensive cancer care center in Brazil. Survival estimates were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. The Cox Regression model was used to estimate the risk of outcomes. The average OS was 20.2 months, and the PFS was 13.1 months. Interruption of trastuzumab treatment was associated with an increase in overall survival time compared with continued treatment (22.5 months; 95% CI: 21.8 - 23.3 vs. 17.7 months; 95% CI: 15.9 - 19.4; <i>P</i> = 0.001). The adjusted risk model revealed that continued trastuzumab therapy was independently associated with a 2.86-fold increased risk of mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of olaparib discontinuation owing to adverse drug events in patients with ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer: a retrospective observational study.","authors":"Noriaki Kataoka, Takeo Hata, Kouichi Hosomi, Atsushi Hirata, Satoe Fujiwara, Emi Goto, Masami Nishihara, Masahide Ohmichi, Masashi Neo","doi":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2345025","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1120009X.2024.2345025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated predictors of olaparib discontinuation owing to adverse effects. Patients with ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancers treated with olaparib at Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital between April 2018 and September 2022 were included in this study. The exclusion criteria were as follows: discontinuation of treatment due to disease progression, use of anaemia medications, and use of cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) inhibitors. The follow-up period was 90 d. Of the 46 eligible patients, 21 patients discontinued olaparib, including 15 patients with grade 3 or higher anaemia, eight patients with grade 3 or higher neutropenia, and four patients with non-haematological toxicity (including multiple onset). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that grade 4 neutropenia and anaemia progression to grades 2-3 due to chemotherapy administered before olaparib administration were predictors of olaparib discontinuation. The severity of neutropenia and anaemia due to chemotherapy before olaparib administration may be a potential marker for its discontinuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15338,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}