Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Sustainable photocatalytic-membrane reactors for petroleum refinery wastewater remediation as a hybrid system","authors":"Eman H Khader,&nbsp;Talib M Albayati,&nbsp;Thamer J Mohammed,&nbsp;Mustapha Abbas Al-Behadili,&nbsp;Noori M Cata Saady,&nbsp;Sohrab Zendehboudi","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70155","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) contains high concentrations of oil and organic pollutants, requiring efficient and sustainable treatment technologies. Hybrid photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) have attracted increased attention due to their ability to combine advanced oxidation with membrane separation. This study develops a PMR incorporating a green calcium oxide (CaO) photocatalyst synthesized from tomato plant waste and a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane for PRW treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The PAN membrane was fabricated using the phase inversion technique and integrated with the green CaO photocatalyst under light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation at a transmembrane pressure of 1 bar. The effects of CaO dosage (0–0.1 g/ L⁻¹), reaction time (15–180 min), and initial oil concentration (10–1000 ppm) on oil and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were systematically evaluated. The PMR achieved a stable permeate flux of 69.19 L m⁻² h⁻¹ during PRW treatment. Complete oil removal (100%) and COD removal of 99.89% were obtained at initial concentrations of 1000 ppm oil and 2829 ppm COD, respectively, while removal efficiencies of 97.00% (oil) and 94.00% (COD) were obtained at lower pollutant loadings. The PAN membrane exhibited excellent antifouling and self-cleaning behavior, with a flux recovery ratio of 96.60% at 100 ppm oil concentration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The developed photocatalytic membrane reactor (PMR) demonstrated high treatment efficiency and operational stability for petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW). The synergistic interaction between the green CaO photocatalyst and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane enhanced organic degradation and mitigated membrane fouling, producing effluents that comply with World Health Organization (WHO) discharge limits. The proposed system represents a promising, sustainable approach for advanced industrial wastewater treatment within chemical and biochemical engineering applications. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 5","pages":"1035-1055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on recent developments in electrospun polymeric nanofibers for oil–water separation","authors":"Ahmet Alp Zembat,&nbsp;C Elif Cansoy","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70158","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oil–water separation is an important process used to reduce pollution and recover valuable resources in many industrial applications. Electropun nanofibers with varying chemical composition and dimensions are commonly used to remove pollutants from water. Various nanoadditives, such as clays, metal nanoparticles, and C-based nanoparticles, can also be introduced into the polymeric nanofiber matrix to improve the removal capacity and flux of the prepared membranes. Various studies in the literature have investigated the use of these polymeric nanofibers in the separation of oil–water mixtures and oil–water emissions, and very good separation efficiencies have been supported by experimental studies. This review briefly summarises the recent developments on polymeric nanofibres used in oil–water separation. The reviewed studies showed that wettability, fiber diameter, chemical structure, and composition of the nanofibers are important parameters for the removal of contaminants, and polymeric nanofibers produced by tailoring their chemical composition and dimensions are promising candidates for many oil–water separation applications. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 5","pages":"929-943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus doping to boost Pd/C catalysts: a review","authors":"Olga A Borodina,&nbsp;Petr M Yeletsky","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70156","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nowadays, Pd/C represents a classic catalytic system that has been widely applied in fine organic synthesis, electrocatalysis, hydrogenation reactions, and many others. Since palladium belongs to precious metals, the urgent task is to intelligently manage its consumption and increase the activity and stability of such catalysts. One of the most effective approaches to enhance the performance of these catalysts is the modification of carbon support by heteroatoms such as N, P, B, and S elements. In the presented review, pathways for modification of Pd/C catalyst or carbon supports with phosphorus to improve their characteristics and, thereby, catalytic properties of Pd/C catalysts are discussed. The influence of phosphorus doping on electronic, structural, and composition of this catalytic system was analyzed. It was found that modification by phosphorus results in the richest variety of P-based functionalities on a carbon support as compared to N, B, and S heteroatoms, as phosphorus possesses various stable oxidation states (−3, 0, +1, +3, +5) and can also subject Pd to partial phosphidation. This opens up the broadest possibilities for modulating and tuning catalytic properties of Pd/C catalysts. Furthermore, such modification results in significant enhancement of catalytic properties of Pd/C catalysts in electrooxidation of organic compounds in fuel cells, hydrogen storage, water electrolysis, cross-coupling reactions, hydrogenation, and other applications. However, since this approach to modification is quite novel, many challenges remain to be overcome. For example, the necessity of thorough control over the types and distribution of P-containing functionalities to obtain catalysts tuned for specific reactions is still an open question. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 5","pages":"944-960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous detoxification and fermentation of teak wood hydrolysate by oxidation of phenolics with a surface-displayed heterologous laccase expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae","authors":"Marco Tulio Fernández-Sandoval,&nbsp;Karla Verónica Teymennet-Ramírez,&nbsp;Daniel Morales-Guzmán,&nbsp;Alfredo Martinez,&nbsp;Miguel Alcalde,&nbsp;Fernando Martínez-Morales,&nbsp;María R Trejo-Hernández","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70136","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of laccases to oxidize phenolics found in biomass hydrolysates is gaining interest in the biorefinery concept because this biological detoxification method makes them less inhibitory to fermenting microorganisms, thereby increasing the productivity of metabolites of interest. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a heterologous fungal laccase displayed on the cell wall surface of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> in detoxifying concentrated and diluted teak wood hydrolysate (TWH), supplemented with glucose.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The yeast strain demonstrated the ability to oxidize phenolics in the TWH through the laccase present on the cell surface, thereby enhancing ethanol production parameters when compared to the control strain, which did not express laccase. Kinetic analysis of cell growth and ethanol production by the control strain indicated its capability to grow and produce ethanol at TWH concentrations of 20% and 40% (v/v). In contrast, the strain expressing laccase displayed the ability to grow and produce ethanol from TWH at concentrations of up to 80%, reducing the phenolic concentration by as much as 54%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results observed indicate that the improvement in the strain's performance regarding cell growth and ethanol production in diluted TWH is due to the simultaneous oxidation of phenolics by the laccase exhibited during the fermentation. However, even with the expression of laccase, the strain could not thrive in concentrated hydrolysate due to additional inhibitors, such as furans and organic acids, which were not addressed by laccase and may have had an inhibitory effect on the cells, acting either independently or synergistically. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 4","pages":"816-826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the synergy of co-pyrolysis of oily sludge and walnut shell: effects of blending ratio on the quality of bio-oil and bio-gas","authors":"Jinfeng Yuan,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Liu,&nbsp;Kai Chen,&nbsp;Ningmin Zhu,&nbsp;Riyi Lin,&nbsp;Liqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70141","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oily sludge (OS) is a hazardous petroleum waste whose pyrolysis often suffers from high char yield and heavy (C₂₁₊) fractions, while co-pyrolysis with biomass such as walnut shell (WS) can potentially upgrade product quality by providing hydrogen and a porous carbonaceous catalytic scaffold.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Co-pyrolysis of oily sludge (OS) and walnut shell (WS) was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor to assess synergistic effects of temperature (300–700 °C) and blend ratios (OS: WS = 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2). The results demonstrated that co-pyrolysis significantly reduces char formation, with the 1:1 ratio at 600 °C yielding only 44.76% char, compared to 70.06% for OS pyrolysis at 700 °C. Additionally, the heavy oil fraction (C₂₁₊) was notably reduced, with lighter compounds such as phenols and ketones enriching the bio-oil. The heavy oil content decreased from 43.17% in OS pyrolysis oil to 20.24% in co-pyrolysis oil. Synergistic gas production was observed, as indicated by a Synergy Index of 0.22, with CH₄ yield increasing to 25.76% at the 1:1 ratio. H₂ and CO yields also increased with higher WS content (up to 8.92% and 12.24%, respectively), while CO₂ production decreased to 10.23% at the 1:2 ratio. These enhancements were attributed to WS acting as both a hydrogen donor and catalytic scaffold, where alkali metals (K, Ca) promoted the cracking of heavy components <i>via</i> dehydrogenation and dealkylation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSIONS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The optimal conditions, achieved at 600 °C with a 1:1 OS: WS ratio, minimized char formation while maximizing oil stability and gas calorific value, offering an effective strategy for waste valorization. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 4","pages":"841-848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Release, migration, and transformation of phosphorus from sludge during citric acid-enhanced hydrothermal carbonization","authors":"Wenjing Hua,&nbsp;Junliang Dong,&nbsp;Yanping Zhang,&nbsp;Wenxiao Liu,&nbsp;Wenqi Liu","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70139","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70139","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To address the problem of depleting phosphorus resources, citric acid-enhanced sludge hydrothermal carbonization was employed to achieve a one-step phosphorus recovery from sludge.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that, under the temperature, reaction time and citric acid dosage of 210 °C, 4 h, and 20 mmol/L, respectively, the rate of release of phosphorus could reach 87.0% of the total phosphorus (TP) of sludge, whereas the concentrations of TP and PO₄³⁻ in hydrothermal solution could reach 227.7 mg/L and 213.4 mg/L, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSIONS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the hydrothermal carbonization of sludge, citric acid could improve the disintegration of sludge by chelating with polyvalent cations and acid hydrolysis, thereby promoting the release of phosphorus and metal ions. Moreover, citric acid chelated with the released metal ions, hindering their combination with phosphate to form metal phosphate precipitates that could be re-enriched in the sludge hydrothermal carbon. Furthermore, citric acid decreased the proportion of inorganic phosphorus (IP) in the sludge hydrothermal carbon and increased the proportion of organic phosphorus (OP) in the sludge hydrothermal carbon, while it also promoted the transformation of apatite inorganic phosphorus (AIP) to non-apatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP). Citric acid-enhanced hydrothermal carbonization reduced the content of ash in the sludge hydrothermal carbon and increased its calorific value. The work proposes a novel method for the simultaneous recovery of phosphorus and carbon resources from sludge and realizes the high-value utilization of sludge. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 4","pages":"849-857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a carbon coated LaCuFeO3 core-shell catalyst for simultaneous degradation of fluoroquinolone organic pollutants in wastewater: enhanced catalysis via nanospace confinement","authors":"Lijuan Xie,&nbsp;Tianqi Yu,&nbsp;Yun Deng,&nbsp;Wanchen Niu,&nbsp;Wenquan Ruan,&nbsp;Ayomi Perera","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70133","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) such as ciprofloxacin (CIP) and ofloxacin (OFL) are persistent contaminants in wastewater, posing significant environmental and health risks. Their simultaneous removal remains challenging. Advanced oxidation processes based on peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation offer a promising solution but often require efficient and stable catalysts. This study aims to develop a novel core-shell carbon-coated perovskite catalyst for the simultaneous and efficient degradation of these pollutants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A core-shell LaCuFeO₃@C catalyst was successfully synthesized <i>via</i> a sol–gel method using citric acid/EDTA as an integrated carbon source, followed by calcination and acid etching. The LaCuFeO₃@C/PDS system achieved 100% degradation of both CIP and OFL within 30 min using only 0.5 mM PDS and 0.2 g/L catalyst. The catalyst demonstrated excellent stability, retaining high removal efficiencies for CIP (91.9%) and OFL (93.4%) after 4 consecutive cycles. Furthermore, the carbon coating conferred exceptional resistance to high concentrations of interfering anions (100 g/L of Cl⁻ and SO₄²⁻). The core-shell structure, confirmed by TEM-EDS analysis, provides nano-cavities that enhance reactant diffusion, enrich pollutants <i>via</i> adsorption, and facilitate efficient PDS activation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The LaCuFeO₃@C catalyst presents an efficient, robust, and sustainable strategy for the simultaneous removal of complex fluoroquinolone pollutants in wastewater, even under challenging high-salinity conditions. Its superior performance and stability are attributed to the synergistic adsorption-enrichment-activation mechanism within the unique core-shell architecture. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 4","pages":"776-785"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar-driven high specific surface network membrane for efficient lithium recovery","authors":"Zizheng Zhu,&nbsp;Yuhui Jiang,&nbsp;Zhuoqun Wang,&nbsp;Qiong Tian,&nbsp;Xuejie Yue,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Fengxian Qiu","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70135","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lithium-ion sieve adsorption is considered the most promising method for lithium recovery from salt lakes, although efficiency limitations restrict its industrial application.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this work, the network structure adsorption membrane with excellent photothermal conversion capability was developed for efficient lithium extraction from salt lakes. The designed network structure of H₄Mn₅O₁₂/MnO₂ nanowires membrane ensures sufficient contact between the solution and Lithium-ion sieve adsorption sites, while its outstanding photothermal properties further enhance Li⁺ adsorption. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that the H₄Mn₅O₁₂/MnO₂ nanowires membrane surface temperature reaches 66 °C under 1.0 sun illumination. Adsorption kinetic data revealed a lithium adsorption capacity of 16.07 mg/g under 1.0 sun illumination, representing a 5.11 mg/g improvement compared to dark conditions. Furthermore, the H₄Mn₅O₁₂/MnO₂ nanowires membrane exhibited excellent adsorption selectivity and cycling performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Therefore, this work provides a promising strategy for developing high-performance lithium-ion sieve composites to meet the growing demand for lithium recovery from brine. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 4","pages":"766-775"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remediation of real, freshly collected dairy wastewater via electrocoagulation–electroflotation under batch and continuous flow conditions","authors":"Christina Vasiliki Lazaratou,&nbsp;Maria Gourniezaki,&nbsp;Qun Yan,&nbsp;Athanasia G Tekerlekopoulou,&nbsp;Dimitris V Vayenas","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70132","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dairy wastewater (DWW) is characterized by high organic and suspended solid loads and its treatment remains a challenge for sustainable dairy industry operation. This study evaluates electrocoagulation-electroflotation (EC/EF) with aluminum electrodes for treating real DWW under both batch and continuous-flow conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiments were performed <i>in situ</i> at the industry using fresh wastewater with variable initial pH (5.0–7.0), chemical oxygen demand (COD₀:10800–3200 mg/L), and total suspended solids (TSS: 880–2030 mg/L). Batch experiments at current intensities of 0.15, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 A showed that 0.25 A (89.2 A/m²) was particularly effective, achieving 79.75% COD and 95.76% TSS removal within 10 min at 10800 mg/L COD₀ and natural pH 5.33, with low energy consumption (0.14 kWh/m³) and aluminum dissolution (27.96 g/m³). For adjusted initial pH values of 5, 6, and 7 and COD₀ = 3200 mg/L, maximum COD and TSS removal occurred at pH 5, likely due to its proximity to the isoelectric point (~pH 3.7). Similarly, for COD₀ = 6200 mg/L, treatment at natural pH 6 yielded 79.22% COD and 90.37% TSS removal. At 4500 mg/L COD₀, maintaining natural pH 6.7 reduced treatment time from 30 to 20 min while sustaining COD removal (~63%), although TSS removal dropped by ~36%. Continuous-flow experiments at COD₀ = 6500 mg/L achieved steady-state removal of ~72% COD of and 98% TSS at pH 5 with a 15-min hydraulic retention time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, EC/EF proved technically viable, energy-efficient, and effective for high-strength DWW treatment, supporting its use as a pretreatment step in decentralized or industrial wastewater treatment systems. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 4","pages":"786-797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of temperature, flow rate, number of stages and a heads column on congener removal in fuel-ethanol distillation: a simulation study","authors":"Eron Paulo Borges Filho,&nbsp;Aline Dettmer","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70124","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Industrial fuel-ethanol units must remove trace volatile congeners (acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, carbon dioxide) to meet quality requirements. In Brazilian systems, a small heads column (“Column D”) is often placed above the stripper. This study evaluated the effect of Column D in removing congeners by comparing it to other systems that do not have it.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Steady-state simulations of a beer-ethanol stripper coupled to a rectifier were performed in a commercial process simulator. In the stripper alone, the configuration with Column D removed 42.39% acetaldehyde and 51.72% ethyl acetate, whereas simplified arrangements without Column D removed only 5.31–18.91% acetaldehyde and 1.72–11.62% ethyl acetate. After rectification, however, total acetaldehyde removals became similar for all feeds (91.50% compared to 88.14% and 86.06%), and ethyl acetate removals also approached each other (55.63% compared to 58.97% and 41.06%), showing that the rectifier can recover most of the separation initially provided by Column D.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results indicate that while Column D can improve removal of congeners such as acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate in stand-alone stripper simulations, its benefits become less pronounced once the rectifier column is considered. Analysis further reveals that feed composition is an important factor for ethyl acetate removal: at lower ethanol concentrations, ethyl acetate can be more effectively stripped due to its higher relative volatility. These findings suggest that careful adjustments of process parameters can match or surpass the separation efficiency given by an additional column, potentially reducing both operational costs and ethanol losses. © 2026 The Author(s). <i>Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology</i> published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"101 4","pages":"726-739"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jctb.70124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}