The Biological bulletin最新文献_第2页

Cephalopods and Neuroscience Go Arm in Arm in The Biological Bulletin. 头足类动物和神经科学在《生物学公报》上齐头并进。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-09 DOI: 10.1086/721792

Charles Derby

{"title":"Cephalopods and Neuroscience Go Arm in Arm in The Biological Bulletin.","authors":"Charles Derby","doi":"10.1086/721792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721792","url":null,"abstract":"Cephalopods and scientists have for decades been partners in the pages ofThe Biological Bulletin, owing to the fascinating biology of these charismaticmegafauna, their accessibility at Woods Hole’s Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL), and the focus of The Biological Bulletin on the comparative biology of marine animals. In particular, longfin inshore squid, Doryteuthis pealeii, sometimes called the “Woods Hole squid” (Fig. 1) because they migrate each spring to the waters of Cape Cod, have lured neuroscientists to Woods Hole to study the neurons that control the distinctive jetescape behavior of these animals. In the summer of 1936, the 29-year-old English comparative zoologist John Zachary (JZ) Young (Fig. 2) came to Woods Hole to study the stellate ganglion of squid—in particular that ganglion’s characteristic motor neuron, with its giant axon. This neuron integrates various inputs and, when sufficiently excited, produces an action potential that rapidly travels via its giant axon to the mantle muscles of the squid’s body. There, excitation of circularmuscle fibers causes a contraction of themantle, and the ensuing rapid jet-escape behavior. That summer, Young had three main lines of investigation of these neurons. One was a collaboration with a longtime MBL summer researcher, C. Ladd Prosser, also 29 years old that summer (Fig. 2), in which they studied the physiology of the synapses between these motor giant axons and the circular muscle. Prosser and Young published their work from the summer of 1936 in the next year’s October issue of The Biological Bulletin (“Responses of Muscles of the Squid to Repetitive Stimulation of the Giant Nerve Fibers,” 73: 237–241; Fig. 3). They examined whether the responses of these muscle fibers were facilitating, that is, whether the responses became larger with each of a series of axon potentials. Prosser and Young’s interest was driven by their commitment to comparative physiology. They knew that the","PeriodicalId":153307,"journal":{"name":"The Biological bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"5-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40360257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quadrupedal Walking with the Skin: The Ambulatory Flaps in "Walking" Cuttlefish (Paintpot Cuttlefish, Metasepia tullbergi). 带皮肤的四足行走:“行走”墨鱼(油锅墨鱼，Metasepia tullbergi)的流动皮瓣。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-28 DOI: 10.1086/720766

Ayano Omura, Haruka Takano, Shin-Ichiro Oka, Shiro Takei

{"title":"Quadrupedal Walking with the Skin: The Ambulatory Flaps in \"Walking\" Cuttlefish (Paintpot Cuttlefish, Metasepia tullbergi).","authors":"Ayano Omura, Haruka Takano, Shin-Ichiro Oka, Shiro Takei","doi":"10.1086/720766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/720766","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe locomotion strategy of cephalopods is an important factor that influences their ability to exploit various oceanic environments. Particularly, Metasepia cuttlefish have a unique locomotion strategy; they prefer slow walking (ambling) on the seafloor over swimming. For this locomotion, they use their ventral arms as forelimbs and ambulatory flaps as hindlimbs. This locomotion is similar to the gait of quadruped vertebrates, where the forelimbs and hindlimbs on the left and right move alternately. The original description and some textbooks have considered these flaps to be muscular; however, this has not been proven. Here, we report the histological morphology of the ambulatory flaps of Metasepia tullbergi and their ambling locomotion. Histological observations indicated that the ambulatory flaps had a papillae structure comprising papillae musculature (dermal erector or retractor muscles) and connective tissue in the skin. Behavioral observations indicated that the ambulatory flaps changed their shape during ambling, which could explain the existence of the skin papillae. Our results suggest that ambulatory flaps are skin papillae, which can change shape by using their papillae musculature and connective tissue. This is a unique feature of Metasepia species that use the skin papillae for locomotion.","PeriodicalId":153307,"journal":{"name":"The Biological bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40360255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serendipity and Sea Urchins. 机缘巧合和海胆。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-17 DOI: 10.1086/721915

Louis E Burnett

{"title":"Serendipity and Sea Urchins.","authors":"Louis E Burnett","doi":"10.1086/721915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721915","url":null,"abstract":"Among the myriad of organisms that have been studied by biologists over the past 125 years, echinoderms, in particular, have been featured prominently in The Biological Bulletin throughout its history, going back to its immediate journal predecessor, the Zoölogical Bulletin (Andrews, 1898. Zool. Bull. 2: 1–13). There have been many studies published in the Bulletin on echinoderm embryology, developmental biology, behavior, natural history, morphology, and physiology. These pentaradial wonders have been useful for studying basic biology and more recently in understanding effects of climate change and ocean acidification on organisms (Matson et al., 2012. Biol. Bull. 223: 312–327; Dubois, 2014. Biol. Bull. 226: 223–236). My own brush with echinoderms was no accident, but some of the findings were a surprise (Burnett et al., 2002. Biol. Bull. 203: 42–50). On an excursion to one of my favorite research spots, the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, in Charleston, Oregon, I was working with my longtime friend and colleague Nora Terwilliger and a few of my other favorite colleagues. We were there to examine the physiological responses of some of the local organisms when exposed to the air at low tide, an interest of mine. We had picked the purple sea urchin and a large barnacle as test organisms. They were good candidates because we could easily sample fluid from their body cavities. The sea urchins were especially easy to sample. And we would measure things that any respiratory and acid-base physiologist would measure. Early in our study, serendipity paid us a visit. I remember David Scholnick, one in our group, walking into the lab, holding a sea urchin, and proclaiming that sea urchins leak water from somewhere for minutes after they are exposed to air. We knew how to sample the fluid, called perivisceral coelomic fluid (PCF), from the main body compartment; and this allowed us to make our measurements. But now we had to figure out what was going on with this substantial volume of fluid, which we called “emersion fluid,” that was","PeriodicalId":153307,"journal":{"name":"The Biological bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40360247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic Evidence Supports Species Delimitation of Luidia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. 遗传证据支持墨西哥湾北部陆龟的物种划分。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1086/720972

Michelle D Shilling, Stacy A Krueger-Hadfield, James B McClintock

{"title":"Genetic Evidence Supports Species Delimitation of Luidia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico.","authors":"Michelle D Shilling, Stacy A Krueger-Hadfield, James B McClintock","doi":"10.1086/720972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/720972","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAccurate species delimitation is crucial to understanding biodiversity. In the northern Gulf of Mexico, recent genetic evidence has suggested that the tricolor Luidia lawrencei is not a species distinct from the gray Luidia clathrata. We collected Luidia specimens from Apalachee Bay, Florida, and morphologically identified 11 as L. clathrata and 16 as L. lawrencei. We sequenced 1074 bp of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and found ~14% divergence between L. clathrata and L. lawrencei, suggesting two distinct species (within-species divergence was <1%). Two specimens were phenotypically L. lawrencei (i.e., tricolor morph) but mitochondrially were L. clathrata. Our findings lend support to maintaining L. clathrata and L. lawrencei as distinct species. However, the species boundary between these two taxa may be porous, and ongoing hybridization may occur when the two species are found in sympatry. Future work with nuclear markers is warranted to determine the frequency of hybridization and the extent of introgression. Clarifying the genetic relationship between these species will provide a baseline for assessing ongoing changes in connectivity of these two highly abundant sea stars in the rapidly warming northern Gulf of Mexico.","PeriodicalId":153307,"journal":{"name":"The Biological bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"28-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40360250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seminal Early Studies on the Mechanisms of Coral Bleaching. 对珊瑚白化机制的开创性早期研究。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-10 DOI: 10.1086/721689

Virginia M Weis

{"title":"Seminal Early Studies on the Mechanisms of Coral Bleaching.","authors":"Virginia M Weis","doi":"10.1086/721689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721689","url":null,"abstract":"In their article “Temperature Stress Causes Host Cell Detachment in Symbiotic Cnidarians: Implications for Coral Bleaching” in the June 1992 issue of The Biological Bulletin, Ruth Gates, Garen Baghdasarian, and Len Muscatine launched a new discipline within coral biology aimed at discovering the cellular mechanisms underlying temperatureinduced coral bleaching. At the time, the phenomenon of coral bleaching, the paling of coral tissues due to loss of their endosymbiotic dinoflagellate algae (once called zooxanthellae but now known to be members of the diverse family Symbiodiniaceae), was just beginning to be observed and documented in nature and linked to high-temperature anomalies (Glynn, 1990. Elsevier Oceanogr. Ser. 1990: 55–126). Now, 30 years later, we are witnessing the collapse of the world’s coral reefs as climate change drives high-temperature events that cause vast stretches of reef to bleach and ultimately die, resulting in the destruction of the entire ecosystem (vanWoesik et al., 2022.Glob. Change Biol., https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16192). Coral biologists the world over are racing to develop solutions to help coral reefs survive in the Anthropocene (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2019. A Research Review of Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs). Many of their approaches are based on foundational knowledge of the mechanisms driving coral bleaching (a form of dysbiosis), the area that this seminal paper helped to start. In the study, Gates and colleagues aimed to document the process of symbiont release from hosts at the cellular level. They started by setting up a variety of possibilities for mechanisms of bleaching, in Figure 1. This now-iconic figure (Fig. 1) has been reproduced, modified, and added to innumerable times in both original papers and reviews (e.g., Weis, 2008. J. Exp. Biol. 211: 3059–3066; Bieri et al., 2016.","PeriodicalId":153307,"journal":{"name":"The Biological bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"12-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40360254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sexual Maturity of an Endemic Insular Land Crab: Priority Information toward the Conservation of Johngarthia lagostoma. 岛蟹的性成熟:对海岛蟹保护的优先信息。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1086/720581

Marcio C A João, Rafael C Duarte, Letícia S Bispo da Silva, Andrea S Freire, Marcelo A A Pinheiro

{"title":"Sexual Maturity of an Endemic Insular Land Crab: Priority Information toward the Conservation of Johngarthia lagostoma.","authors":"Marcio C A João, Rafael C Duarte, Letícia S Bispo da Silva, Andrea S Freire, Marcelo A A Pinheiro","doi":"10.1086/720581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/720581","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractInsular land crabs (Gecarcinidae) can transit between terrestrial and aquatic environments and inhabit vacant ecological niches that other species do not occupy in oceanic islands. During the reproductive period, these crabs migrate between residential and reproductive areas; this is a critical moment because individuals are more vulnerable to stressful conditions, especially species occupying anthropized islands. Currently, many insular crab species are considered threatened; yet few studies have evaluated the biology of this group, especially the size at which individuals reach sexual maturity. Here, we evaluate the size at the onset of morphological, physiological, and functional maturity for the insular land crab Johngarthia lagostoma in Trindade Island (Brazil) and assess the chronology of the events underlying those processes. Males and females exhibited the same order of occurrence of the different maturity processes, starting by being morphologically, physiologically, and, finally, functionally mature at similar sizes (about 56 mm carapace width). This value corresponds to at least half of the maximum size that J. lagostoma reaches in Trindade Island and is close to the average relative value registered to other Gecarcinidae species. Considering the current decline in the population of insular crabs, such estimates can be used in management programs, mainly for the definition and protection of breeding and recruitment areas. Specifically, our results can be used toward the conservation of J. lagostoma, which is currently classified as endangered in Brazil, especially in the isolated population of Trindade Island.","PeriodicalId":153307,"journal":{"name":"The Biological bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"14-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40360256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Too Hot to Eat: Wild and Lab-Bred Lymnaea stagnalis Differ in Feeding Response Following Repeated Heat Exposure. 太热不能吃:野生和实验室饲养的滞海蚤在反复高温暴露后的摄食反应不同。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-29 DOI: 10.1086/720948

Veronica Rivi, Anurada Batabyal, Cristina Benatti, Fabio Tascedda, Joan Mc Blom, Ken Lukowiak

{"title":"Too Hot to Eat: Wild and Lab-Bred Lymnaea stagnalis Differ in Feeding Response Following Repeated Heat Exposure.","authors":"Veronica Rivi, Anurada Batabyal, Cristina Benatti, Fabio Tascedda, Joan Mc Blom, Ken Lukowiak","doi":"10.1086/720948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/720948","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAcute extreme heat events are increasing in frequency and intensity. Understanding their effects on ectothermic organisms' homeostasis is both important and urgent. In this study we found that the exposure to an acute heat shock (30 °C for 1 hour) repeated for a seven-day period severely suppressed the feeding behavior of laboratory-inbred (W-strain) Lymnaea stagnalis, whereas the first-generation offspring of freshly collected wild (F1 D-strain) snails raised and maintained under similar laboratory conditions did not show any alterations. The W-strain snails might have inadvertently been selected against heat tolerance since they were first brought into the laboratory many (∼70) years ago. We also posit that the F1 D-strain snails do not perceive the heat shock as a sufficient stressor to alter their feeding response because their parental populations in wild environments have repeatedly experienced temperature fluctuations, thus becoming more tolerant and resilient to heat. The different responses exhibited by two strains of the same species highlight the importance of selecting the most appropriate strain for addressing questions about the impacts of global warming on organisms' physiology and behavior.","PeriodicalId":153307,"journal":{"name":"The Biological bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40360249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

125 Years of Trying to Understand Organisms Better. 125年来试图更好地了解生物体。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-23 DOI: 10.1086/721955

Ken Halanych

引用次数: 0

The Specialist Marine Herbivore Elysia papillosa Grows Faster on a Less Utilized Algal Diet. 专业的海洋食草动物长得更快，利用较少的藻类饮食。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1086/716508

Kourtney Barber, Michael Middlebrooks, Susan Bell, Sidney Pierce

{"title":"The Specialist Marine Herbivore Elysia papillosa Grows Faster on a Less Utilized Algal Diet.","authors":"Kourtney Barber, Michael Middlebrooks, Susan Bell, Sidney Pierce","doi":"10.1086/716508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/716508","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractMany small specialist herbivores utilize their food resources both for nutrition and as a structural refuge or resource. Trophic linkage cannot solely be inferred from physical association of herbivores with a potential food item, because herbivores may temporarily inhabit algae or plants on which they do not feed. Elysia papillosa, a small sacoglossan sea slug, consumes and sequesters chloroplasts from the siphonaceous, chlorophytic alga Penicillus capitatus; it also maintains moderate densities on this alga. Recently, E. papillosa was also infrequently found in association with the alga Penicillus lamourouxii, which displays density similar to that of P. capitatus. After collecting E. papillosa from each of the two algal species from a shallow-water site along the west central coast of Florida, we used DNA barcoding of the rbcL gene sequences in order to determine whether the slug was consuming both algal species. The molecular data indicated that E. papillosa consumed and sequestered chloroplasts from the same algal species from which they were collected. A laboratory feeding experiment tested whether algal diet (P. capitatus or P. lamourouxii) had an impact on slug growth rate as measured by change in body size (mm). After 3 weeks E. papillosa fed P. lamourouxii achieved a mean body length that was 1.5-2 times that recorded for slugs fed P. capitatus, but maximum growth depended on the original field host. Thus, while the highest densities of E. papillosa in the field occurred on P. capitatus, slugs grew much faster on P. lamourouxii in the laboratory. The observed association of E. papillosa with P. capitatus must be related to other factors, such as foraging efficiency, algal morphology, algal biochemistry, or algal suitability as a refuge.","PeriodicalId":153307,"journal":{"name":"The Biological bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"158-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39562933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Bivalves as Biological Sieves: Bioreactivity Pathways of Microplastics and Nanoplastics. 双壳类生物筛:微塑料和纳米塑料的生物反应途径。

IF 1.6

The Biological bulletin Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-07 DOI: 10.1086/716259

Amy Huffman Ringwood

{"title":"Bivalves as Biological Sieves: Bioreactivity Pathways of Microplastics and Nanoplastics.","authors":"Amy Huffman Ringwood","doi":"10.1086/716259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/716259","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractOceanic and coastal sampling programs have indicated extensive plastic pollution of marine habitats and revealed the need for understanding the scope and potential impacts of plastics on marine organisms. Sampling regimes for macroplastics (>5 mm) that can be visually collected for quantification and characterization in marine habitats provide valuable environmental data for the larger plastics. But less is known about the scope or potential impacts of small micron- and nano-sized bits of plastic that result from weathering of macroplastics and inputs of manufactured particles that could profoundly affect marine invertebrates, especially suspension feeders. Essential fundamental information about bivalve biology along with current research and reviews on microplastics, nanoplastics, and engineered nanoparticles were integrated to discuss how filter-feeding bivalves can serve as valuable bioindicators of plastic pollution. Bivalves can serve as important bioaccumulators of plastic particles and exhibit processing pathways that serve as biological sieves. Mesoplastics (1-5 mm) and large microplastics (>25 µm) will have a relatively short transit time (hours to days) and will primarily be concentrated in biodeposits (pseudofeces and feces). Small microplastics (<25 µm) and nanoplastics (<1 µm) are more likely to be accumulated in digestive gland tissues and cells, and also hemocytes, and will have longer retention times. Lysosomes are a common target organelle for uptake and toxicity in both of these cell types. Therefore, bivalves can potentially act as biological sieves for characterizing relative environmental exposures and bioreactivity of microplastics and nanoplastics, based on critical particle capture and processing pathways. This framework highlights the importance of developing diagnostic approaches to characterize potential environmental risks associated with plastic particles as well as potential interactions with other anthropogenic pollutants.","PeriodicalId":153307,"journal":{"name":"The Biological bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"185-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39562931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8