Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Preoperative Neuropraxia on Surgical Duration Following Pediatric Supracondylar Fracture of the Humerus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yazeed Alayed,&nbsp;Bander S Alrashedan,&nbsp;Sultan K Almisfer,&nbsp;Ali M Aldossari","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Supracondylar fractures of the humerus (SCFHs) are the most common type of elbow fracture in children. Because of the influence on functional outcome, neuropraxia is one of the most common concerns at presentation. The impact of preoperative neuropraxia on surgery duration is not extensively probed. The clinical implications of several other risk factors associated with preoperative neuropraxia at presentation may contribute to longer surgical duration of SCFH. <b>Hypothesis</b>  Preoperative neuropraxia is likely to increase surgery duration in patients who sustained SCFH. <b>Patients and Methods</b>  This is a retrospective cohort analysis. Sixty-six patients who sustained surgical pediatric supracondylar humerus fracture were included in the study. Baseline characteristics including age, gender, the type of fracture according to Gartland classification, mechanism of injury, patient weight, side of injury, and associated nerve injury were included in the study. Logistic regression analysis was performed using mean surgery duration as the main dependent variable and age, gender, fracture type according to the mechanism of injury, Gartland classification, injured arm, vascular status, time from presentation to surgery, weight, type of surgery, medial K-wire use, and afterhours surgery as the independent variables. A follow-up of 1 year was implemented. <b>Result</b>  The overall preoperative neuropraxia rate was 9.1%. The mean surgery duration was 57.6 ± 5.6 minutes. The mean duration of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning surgeries was 48.5 ± 5.3 minutes, whereas the mean duration of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) surgeries was 129.3 ± 15.1 minutes. Preoperative neuropraxia was associated with an overall increase in the surgery duration ( <i>p</i>  < 0.017). Bivariate binary regression analysis showed a significant correlation between the increase of surgery duration and flexion-type fracture (odds ratio = 11, <i>p</i>  < 0.038) as well as ORIF (odds ratio = 26.2, <i>p</i>  < 0.001). <b>Conclusion</b>  Preoperative neuropraxia and flexion-type fractures convey a potential longer surgical duration in pediatric supracondylar fracture. <b>Level of Evidence</b>  Prognostic III.</p>","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":"18 1","pages":"e27-e31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10317565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9804927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Reported Outcomes and Provocative Testing in Peripheral Nerve Injury and Recovery.","authors":"Albin John,&nbsp;Stephen Rossettie,&nbsp;John Rafael,&nbsp;Cameron T Cox,&nbsp;Ivica Ducic,&nbsp;Brendan J Mackay","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Peripheral nerve function is often difficult to assess given the highly variable presentation and subjective patient experience of nerve injury. If nerve assessment is incomplete or inaccurate, inappropriate diagnosis and subsequent treatment may result in permanent dysfunction. <b>Objective</b>  As our understanding of nerve repair and generation evolves, so have tools for evaluating peripheral nerve function, recovery, and nerve-related impact on the quality of life. Provocative testing is often used in the clinic to identify peripheral nerve dysfunction. Patient-reported outcome forms provide insights regarding the effect of nerve dysfunction on daily activities and quality of life. <b>Methods</b>  We performed a review of the literature using a comprehensive combination of keywords and search algorithms to determine the clinical utility of different provocative tests and patient-reported outcomes measures in a variety of contexts, both pre- and postoperatively. <b>Results</b>  This review may serve as a valuable resource for surgeons determining the appropriate provocative testing tools and patient-reported outcomes forms to monitor nerve function both pre- and postoperatively. <b>Conclusion</b>  As treatments for peripheral nerve injury and dysfunction continue to improve, identifying the most appropriate measures of success may ultimately lead to improved patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":"18 1","pages":"e10-e20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10121318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9443297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peroneal Nerve Repair with Cross-Bridge Ladder Technique: Parallel End-to-Side Neurorrhaphies.","authors":"Simon Ammanuel,&nbsp;Daniel Burkett,&nbsp;Jason J Kim,&nbsp;Evalina S Bond,&nbsp;Amgad S Hanna","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Multiple nerve transfer techniques are used to treat patients with nerve injuries when a primary repair is not possible. These techniques are categorized to end-to-end, end-to-side, and side-to-side neurorrhaphy. Our study aims to explore the utility of the cross-bridge ladder technique (H-shaped), which has shown promising results in animal models and probably underutilized clinically. <b>Methods</b>  Four patients with significant loss of ankle dorsiflexion were seen in the clinic and underwent evaluation, including electrodiagnostic studies. A cross-bridge ladder repair technique was used between the tibial nerve as the donor and the common peroneal nerve as the recipient via one or two nerve grafts coapted in parallel with end-to-side neurorrhaphies. Dorsiflexion strength was measured preoperatively using the Medical Research Council (MRC) grading system and at each postoperative follow-up appointment. <b>Results</b>  All four patients had suffered persistent and severe foot drop (MRC of 0) following trauma that had occurred between 6 and 15 months preoperatively. Three of the four patients improved to an MRC of 2 several months postoperatively. The last patient had an immediate improvement to an MRC of 2 by his first month and had a complete recovery of ankle dorsiflexion within 4 months from surgery. <b>Conclusion</b>  We demonstrate the utility and clinical outcomes of the cross-bridge ladder technique in patients with persistent and prolonged foot drop following trauma. Both early and late recovery were seen while all patients regained motor function, with some patients continuing to improve up to the most recent follow-up. IRB Approval: Obtained 2013-1411-CP005.</p>","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":"18 1","pages":"e21-e26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10205393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9527036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fusion of the Median and Musculocutaneous Nerves Masquerading as Biceps' Innervation from the Median Nerve","authors":"Ioannis Antonopoulos, Margarita- Michaela Ampadiotaki, George Tsikouris, Ioannis Chiotis, Georgios Tsakotos, Ioannis Pathiakis, Theodore G. Troupis","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1767674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1767674","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Embryologically, the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) comes from the lateral root of the median nerve, and thus numerous anatomical variations concerning the formation and branching pattern of these two nerves of the brachial plexus have been described. In this case study, we describe a relatively uncommon case of fusion of the median and MCNs that was identified during routine teaching dissection of a male human cadaver. The identification of this anatomical variation requires awareness of the embryological background, as it may be confused with biceps innervation from the median nerve or the existence of a communicating branch between the two nerves. In addition, awareness of such anatomical variations is of undisputable significance for the safety of surgical operations in the brachial plexus and the arm in general.","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135758441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Thoracic Outlet Syndrome from Anomalous 8th Cervical Vertebrae Ribs.","authors":"Scott Ferris,&nbsp;Sarah Lonie","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1753541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1753541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a group of diverse disorders resulting from compression of neurovascular structures as they pass from the lower neck to upper limb. Neurological symptoms, such as pain, weakness, or paraesthesia, are much more common than vascular symptoms such as pallor or venous congestion. Anatomical abnormalities can contribute to this condition. Thirty percent of patients with TOS can have a cervical rib, arising from the transverse process of the 7th cervical vertebra, compared with 1% of the general population. We report the first case in the literature of neurogenic TOS from a cervical rib arising from a supernumerary 8th cervical vertebra. This patient had immediate improvement in TOS symptoms following scalene muscle surgery and resection of cervical and first thoracic ribs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":" ","pages":"e30-e32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9293487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40622069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rabbit Model for Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction Studies Avoiding Automutilation Behavior.","authors":"Jonathan A Sorkin,&nbsp;Ziv Rechany,&nbsp;Mara Almog,&nbsp;Nina Dietzmeyer,&nbsp;Yuval Shapira,&nbsp;Kirsten Haastert-Talini,&nbsp;Shimon Rochkind","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1747959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1747959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  The rabbit sciatic nerve injury model may represent a valuable alternative for critical gap distance seen in humans but often leads to automutilation. In this study, we modified the complete sciatic nerve injury model for avoiding autophagy. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  In 20 adult female New Zealand White rabbits, instead of transecting the complete sciatic nerve, we unilaterally transected the tibial portion and preserved the peroneal portion. Thereby loss of sensation in the dorsal aspect of the paw was avoided. The tibial portion was repaired in a reversed autograft approach in a length of 2.6 cm. In an alternative repair approach, a gap of 2.6 cm in length was repaired with a chitosan-based nerve guide. <b>Results</b>  During the 6-month follow-up period, there were no incidents of autotomy. Nerve regeneration of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve was evaluated histologically and morphometrically. A clear difference between the distal segments of the healthy contralateral and the repaired tibial portion of the sciatic nerve was detectable, validating the model. <b>Conclusion</b>  By transecting the isolated tibial portion of the rabbit sciatic nerve and leaving the peroneal portion intact, it was possible to eliminate automutilation behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":" ","pages":"e22-e29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9213117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40391502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary to \"Morphometry and Contents of the Suprascapular Notch with Potential Clinical Implications: A Cadaveric Study\".","authors":"Azzat Al-Redouan,&nbsp;David Kachlik","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1747960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1747960","url":null,"abstract":"We article “ Morphometry and contents of the suprascapular notch with potential clinical implications: a cadaveric study ” by Tsikouris et al. 1 However, we would like to point out several data that we fi nd contra-dictory to our fi ndings in previous studies and we have differing point of view. The aforementioned study brought up an interesting hy-pothesis which discussed whether there is a correlation of an ossi fi ed superior scapular transverse ligament, also called suprascapular ligament (SL), 2 to a dimensioned middle-trans-verse diameter of the suprascapular notch (SSN) in the SSN Type-IVaccording to Polguj et al SSN morphometric classi fi cation, 3 which is also referred to as suprascapular foramen. 2 The presented study suggested that an ossi fi cation process in the SL was correlated to SSN space narrowing in its horizontal plane and contributing to suprascapular nerve (SN) compres-sion, but thispremise does not seem to bethe case. A SSNwith a middle-transverse diameter mean of 5.10mm can still accommodate the passing SN. The study by Tubbs et al dem-onstrating a compressed SN in 5 SSN out of 50 cadaveric studies was evidenced by histolopathological examination of the SN, and the diameter of those SSN was at critical stenosed range of 1.8","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":" ","pages":"e10-e11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9208910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40225527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Prestretch on Neonatal Peripheral Nerve: An In Vitro Study","authors":"Anita Singh, T. Majmudar, R. Magee, B. Gonik, Sriram Balasubramanian","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1743132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743132","url":null,"abstract":"Background  Characterizing the biomechanical failure responses of neonatal peripheral nerves is critical in understanding stretch-related peripheral nerve injury mechanisms in neonates. Objective  This in vitro study investigated the effects of prestretch magnitude and duration on the biomechanical failure behavior of neonatal piglet brachial plexus (BP) and tibial nerves. Methods  BP and tibial nerves from 32 neonatal piglets were harvested and prestretched to 0, 10, or 20% strain for 90 or 300 seconds. These prestretched samples were then subjected to tensile loading until failure. Failure stress and strain were calculated from the obtained load-displacement data. Results  Prestretch magnitude significantly affected failure stress but not the failure strain. BP nerves prestretched to 10 or 20% strain, exhibiting significantly lower failure stress than those prestretched to 0% strain for both prestretch durations (90 and 300 seconds). Likewise, tibial nerves prestretched to 10 or 20% strain for 300 seconds, exhibiting significantly lower failure stress than the 0% prestretch group. An effect of prestretch duration on failure stress was also observed in the BP nerves when subjected to 20% prestretch strain such that the failure stress was significantly lower for 300 seconds group than 90 seconds group. No significant differences in the failure strains were observed. When comparing BP and tibial nerve failure responses, significantly higher failure stress was reported in tibial nerve prestretched to 20% strain for 300 seconds than BP nerve. Conclusion  These data suggest that neonatal peripheral nerves exhibit lower injury thresholds with increasing prestretch magnitude and duration while exhibiting regional differences.","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":"17 1","pages":"e1 - e9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48329761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motion Analytics of Trapezius Muscle Activity in an 18-Year-Old Female with Extended Upper Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy.","authors":"Jasmine J Lin,&nbsp;Gromit Y Y Chan,&nbsp;Cláudio T Silva,&nbsp;Luis G Nonato,&nbsp;Preeti Raghavan,&nbsp;Aleksandra McGrath,&nbsp;Alice Chu","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  The trapezius muscle is often utilized as a muscle or nerve donor for repairing shoulder function in those with brachial plexus birth palsy (BPBP). To evaluate the native role of the trapezius in the affected limb, we demonstrate use of the Motion Browser, a novel visual analytics system to assess an adolescent with BPBP. <b>Method</b>  An 18-year-old female with extended upper trunk (C5-6-7) BPBP underwent bilateral upper extremity three-dimensional motion analysis with Motion Browser. Surface electromyography (EMG) from eight muscles in each limb which was recorded during six upper extremity movements, distinguishing between upper trapezius (UT) and lower trapezius (LT). The Motion Browser calculated active range of motion (AROM), compiled the EMG data into measures of muscle activity, and displayed the results in charts. <b>Results</b>  All movements, excluding shoulder abduction, had similar AROM in affected and unaffected limbs. In the unaffected limb, LT was more active in proximal movements of shoulder abduction, and shoulder external and internal rotations. In the affected limb, LT was more active in distal movements of forearm pronation and supination; UT was more active in shoulder abduction. <b>Conclusion</b>  In this female with BPBP, Motion Browser demonstrated that the native LT in the affected limb contributed to distal movements. Her results suggest that sacrificing her trapezius as a muscle or nerve donor may affect her distal functionality. Clinicians should exercise caution when considering nerve transfers in children with BPBP and consider individualized assessment of functionality before pursuing surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":"16 1","pages":"e51-e55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8548257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39579772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Outcome Modeling of Preoperative Clinical Symptoms and Electrodiagnostic Data in Tarsal Tunnel Surgery.","authors":"Geoffrey K Seidel,&nbsp;Salma Al Jamal,&nbsp;Eric Weidert,&nbsp;Frederick Carington,&nbsp;Michael T Andary,&nbsp;Scott R Millis,&nbsp;Brian G Loder","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731747","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0041-1731747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  The relationship between tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS), electrodiagnostic (Edx) findings, and surgical outcome is unknown. Analysis of TTS surgical release outcome patient satisfaction and comparison to Edx nerve conduction studies (NCSs) is important to improve outcome prediction when deciding who would benefit from TTS release. <b>Methods</b>  Retrospective study of 90 patients over 7 years that had tarsal tunnel (TT) release surgery with outcome rating and preoperative tibial NCS. Overall, 64 patients met study inclusion criteria with enough NCS data to be classified into one of the following three groups: (1) probable TTS, (2) peripheral polyneuropathy, or (3) normal. Most patients had preoperative clinical provocative testing including diagnostic tibial nerve injection, tibial Phalen's sign, and/or Tinel's sign and complaints of plantar tibial neuropathic symptoms. Outcome measure was percentage of patient improvement report at surgical follow-up visit. <b>Results</b>  Patient-reported improvement was 92% in the probable TTS group ( <i>n</i>  = 41) and 77% of the non-TTS group ( <i>n</i>  = 23). Multivariate modeling revealed that three out of eight variables predicted improvement from surgical release, NCS consistent with TTS ( <i>p</i>  = 0.04), neuropathic symptoms ( <i>p</i>  = 0.045), and absent Phalen's test ( <i>p</i>  = 0.001). The <i>R</i> ² was 0.21 which is a robust result for this outcome measurement process. <b>Conclusion</b>  The best predictors of improvement in patients with TTS release were found in patients that had preoperative Edx evidence of tibial neuropathy in the TT and tibial nerve plantar symptoms. Determining what factors predict surgical outcome will require prospective evaluation and evaluation of patients with other nonsurgical modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":15280,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury","volume":"16 1","pages":"e37-e45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0041-1731747","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39273409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}