Journal of Avian Biology最新文献

{"title":"Can nest design hinder brood parasitism success?","authors":"Angela Moreras,&nbsp;Jere Tolvanen,&nbsp;Michal Kysučan,&nbsp;Peter Samaš,&nbsp;Tomáš Grim,&nbsp;Robert L. Thomson","doi":"10.1111/jav.03300","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Avian nest design varies depending on environmental factors but may also be influenced by between-species interactions. In the brood parasitism context, hosts may evolve nest architectures that may limit parasite access to the nest cup, reduce parasite laying success or hinder parasite chick success. Therefore, nest characteristics may reduce the likelihood or minimise the costs of being parasitised. The common redstart <i>Phoenicurus phoenicurus</i> is a regular host of the common cuckoo <i>Cuculus canorus</i>, for which cuckoo eggs are often laid outside the nest cup, resulting in low effective parasitism rates. This allowed us to evaluate variation in host nest design and test whether nest design characteristics correlate with brood parasitism likelihood and cuckoo laying success (i.e. cuckoo egg laid in the nest cup versus outside the nest cup). While recording brood parasitism events in two distant redstart populations, we documented nest cup characteristics, such as internal dimensions, materials used and nest cup position, along with the nest-box dimensions. Cuckoo parasitism likelihood was lower for redstart nests in cavities with smaller entrances, for redstart nests with smaller nest cups and with nest cups that were built level to the rim material. For parasitised nests, cuckoo laying success was lower at redstart nests with nest cups placed further from the cavity entrance. Our results suggest a conditional process, where the cavity entrance size first prevents brood parasites access, then the cup size and the cup level in reference to the rim material affect the cuckoo choice, and finally, the nest cup position hinders cuckoo's laying success. The use of multiple nest design strategies may explain the current low effective parasitism rates in this system. Host nest design may serve as a frontline defence that could shape parasite's preferences, and consequently host nest characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2025 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are urbanization and brood parasitism associated with differences in telomere lengths in song sparrows?","authors":"Samuel J. Lane,&nbsp;Ben J. Vernasco,&nbsp;Taylor E. Fossett,&nbsp;Isaac J. VanDiest,&nbsp;Heather E. Watts,&nbsp;Kendra B. Sewall","doi":"10.1111/jav.03220","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03220","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Urbanization reflects a major form of environmental change impacting wild birds globally. Whereas urban habitats may provide increased availability of water, some food items, and reduced predation levels compared to rural, they can also present novel stressors including increased light at night, ambient noise, and reduced nutrient availability. Urbanization can also alter levels of brood parasitism, with some host species experiencing elevated levels of brood parasitism in urban areas compared to rural areas. Though the demographic and behavioral consequences of urbanization and brood parasitism have received considerable attention, their consequences for cellular-level processes are less understood. Telomeres provide an opportunity to understand the cellular consequences of different environments as they are a well-established metric of biological state that can be associated with residual lifespan, disease risk, and behavior, and are known to be sensitive to environmental conditions. Here we examine the relationships between urbanization, brood parasitism, and blood telomere lengths in adult and nestling song sparrows <i>Melospiza melodia</i>. Song sparrows are a North American songbird found in both urban and rural habitats that experience high rates of brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds <i>Molothrus ater</i> in the urban, but not the rural, sites in our study system. Among adults and nestlings from non-parasitized nests, we found no differences in relative telomere lengths between urban and rural habitats. However, among urban nestlings, the presence of a brood parasite in the nest was associated with significantly shorter relative telomere lengths compared to when a brood parasite was absent. Our results suggest a novel, indirect, impact of urbanization on nestling songbirds through the physiological impacts of brood parasitism.</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141936288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Offspring sex ratio in a communal breeding bird is male-biased when pre-breeding rainfall is low","authors":"Leanne A. Grieves,&nbsp;Sheng Hing,&nbsp;Joshua Tabh,&nbsp;James S. Quinn","doi":"10.1111/jav.03262","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03262","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Offspring sex ratios may deviate from parity when the fitness benefits of producing male or female offspring vary. We tested for sex ratio bias in smooth-billed anis <i>Crotophaga ani</i>, a communal laying cuckoo with low within-group relatedness and high offspring dispersal. One male group member performs nocturnal incubation and sires more offspring than other males in the group, suggesting males may have greater reproductive variance than females. We hypothesized that pre-breeding rainfall influences food availability and offspring sex ratio, predicting that breeding females skew production towards the sex with higher reproductive variance (males) in high food years. Females may also adjust sex ratio across the hatching order to increase survival of the more competitive sex, especially when clutches are larger and within-brood competition is higher. As adults, male smooth-billed anis are larger than females, so we assumed male nestlings are more competitive than females and predicted a male-bias in first hatched chicks in larger broods. Contrary to our first prediction, offspring sex ratio was male biased when pre-breeding rainfall was lower. In partial support of our second prediction, marginally more first hatched chicks were male in larger broods. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of offspring sex ratio bias in a communal laying bird species. Future work in this system will attempt to uncover the mechanisms by which co-breeding females adjust offspring sex ratio and test alternative hypotheses to explain male-biased offspring sex ratios under different conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2025 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03262","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal in-nest call structure reduces habituation risk in songbird embryos","authors":"Victoria I. Austin,&nbsp;Lauren K. Common,&nbsp;Diane Colombelli-Négrel,&nbsp;Sonia Kleindorfer","doi":"10.1111/jav.03274","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03274","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Repetition of the same vocal stimulus during vocal learning may result in habituation. Therefore, selection may favor vocal tutors that produce vocal stimuli with characteristics that reduce the risk of habituation. Superb fairywren <i>Malurus cyaneus</i> mothers produce a two-element (A and signature B) call to embryos, but embryos only produce one element type (B) after hatching. Why do mothers use the A element to embryos? We broadcast calls with one (B) or two (AB) element types and measured embryo response. Embryos habituated to calls with one element type and remained responsive to calls with both. We conclude that signal characteristics in tutors may guide learning to retain pupil attention during learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141642363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of investigating the impact of simultaneous anthropogenic stressors: the effects of rising temperatures and anthropogenic noise on avian behaviour and cognition","authors":"Grace Blackburn,&nbsp;Camilla Soravia,&nbsp;Amanda R. Ridley","doi":"10.1111/jav.03256","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03256","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rising temperatures and anthropogenic noise are two of the most pervasive and well researched anthropogenic stressors affecting avian species globally. Despite often triggering similar behavioural responses in birds, and frequently co-occurring (particularly in urban areas), the impact of these stressors are primarily investigated in isolation. Here, we discuss and compare the most commonly researched effects of anthropogenic noise and rising temperatures on avian behaviour. We then outline recent findings on the impacts of these two stressors on cognition in birds, which underpins many behavioural adjustments. We find that both anthropogenic noise and high temperatures, when investigated in isolation, impact avian behaviours such as foraging, the antipredator response, and interactions with conspecifics. We also find that both these stressors can lead to cognitive impairment, but the occurrence and magnitude of impairment varies depending on the cognitive trait examined. Finally, we discuss the limited studies that have investigated these two anthropogenic stressors simultaneously and outline different scenarios in which additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects of these stressors may occur. We hope our review will stimulate researchers to investigate the simultaneous effects of these and other anthropogenic stressors on the behaviour and cognition of urban-living wild birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2024 11-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could bi-axial orientation explain range expansion in a migratory songbird?","authors":"Joe Wynn,&nbsp;Guillermo Fandos,&nbsp;Kira Delmore,&nbsp;Benjamin M. Van Doren,&nbsp;Thord Fransson,&nbsp;Miriam Liedvogel","doi":"10.1111/jav.03196","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03196","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The likelihood of a new migratory route emerging is presumably a function of 1) the associated fitness payoff and 2) the probability that the route arises in the first place. It has been suggested that diametrically opposed ‘reverse' migratory trajectories might be surprisingly common and, if such routes were heritable, it follows that they could underlie the rapid evolution of divergent migratory trajectories. Here, we used Eurasian blackcap (<i>Sylvia atricapilla</i>; ‘blackcap') ringing recoveries and geolocator trajectories to investigate whether a recently evolved northwards autumn migratory route – and accompanying rapid northerly wintering range expansion – could be explained by the reversal of each individual's population-specific traditional southwards migratory direction. We found that northwards autumn migrants were recovered closer to the sites specified by an axis reversal than would be expected by chance, consistent with the rapid evolution of new migratory routes via bi-axial variation in orientation. We suggest that the surprisingly high probability of axis reversal might explain why birds expand their wintering ranges rapidly and divergently, and propose that understanding how migratory direction is encoded is crucial when characterising the genetic component underlying migration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03196","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141577422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring avian bill size: comparing and evaluating 3D surface scanning with traditional size estimates in Australian birds","authors":"Sara Ryding,&nbsp;Glenn J. Tattersall,&nbsp;Marcel Klaassen,&nbsp;David J. Wilkinson,&nbsp;Matthew R. E. Symonds","doi":"10.1111/jav.03248","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03248","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Unidimensional measurements for estimating bill size, like length and width, are commonly used in ecology and evolution, but can be criticised due to issues with repeatability and accuracy. Furthermore, formula-based estimates of bill surface area tend to assume uniform bill shapes across species, which is rarely the case. 3D surface scanning can potentially help overcome some such issues by collecting detailed external morphology and direct measurements of surface area, rather than composite estimates of size. Here, we evaluate the use of 3D surface scanners on avian museum specimens to test the repeatability of 3D-based measurements and compare these to traditional formula-based methods of estimating bill size from unidimensional measurements. Using 28 Australian bird species, we investigate inter-observer repeatability of surface area measurements from 3D surface scans. We then compare 3D-based size estimates to formula-based size estimates to infer the accuracy and precision of formula-based measurements of bill surface area. We find that morphometric measurements from 3D surface scans are highly repeatable between observers, without the need for extensive training, demonstrating an advantage over unidimensional measuring methods, like callipers. When comparing 3D-based measurements to formula-based estimates of bill surface area, most formulae for estimating size consistently underestimate surface area, and with considerable variation between species. Where 3D scanning is not possible, we find that a commonly used cone formula for estimating bill size is most precise across diverse bill shapes, therefore supporting its use in interspecific contexts. However, we find that incorporating an additional unidimensional measure of bill curvature into formulae improves the accuracy of the calculated area. Our results reveal the high potential for 3D surface scanners in avian morphometric research, especially for studies necessitating large sample sizes collected by multiple observers, and gives suggestions for formula-based approaches to estimate bill size.</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03248","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What do we really know about the water repellency of feathers?","authors":"Frank M. S. Muzio,&nbsp;Margaret A. Rubega","doi":"10.1111/jav.03259","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03259","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Feathers are complex integument structures that provide birds with many functions. They are vital to a bird's survival, fundamental to their visual displays, and responsible for the evolutionary radiation of the avian class. Feathers provide a protective barrier for the body; their water repellency is a key feature. Despite hundreds of years of ornithological research, the available literature on how feathers repel water is both limited and puzzling. Most hypotheses from the early 1900s suggested uropygial gland oil provided feathers with a hydrophobic coating. Subsequent studies showed that the feather's hierarchical structure creates a porous substrate that readily repels water with or without oil. Numerous studies and methods have been published attempting to explain, quantify, and compare the water repellency of feathers. Many overlook the role of barbules and the effect of their variation, which both likely play a crucial part in water repellency. The goal of this paper is to synthesize this research to better understand what has been done, what makes sense, and more importantly, what is missing. Previous reviews on this subject are mostly over 30 years old and did not use modern methods for systematic review. Here, we performed a systematic review to capture all relevant published papers on feather water repellency. We emphasize the crucial role of barbules in feather water repellency and why their morphological variation should not be ignored. We answer the question, what do we really know about the water repellency of feathers?</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2024 11-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141527538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic phenology of tropical resident birds differs between native forest species and parkland colonizer species","authors":"Laura Berman,&nbsp;Wei Xuan Tan,&nbsp;Ulmar Grafe,&nbsp;Frank Rheindt","doi":"10.1111/jav.03298","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03298","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most birds are characterized by a seasonal phenology closely adapted to local climatic conditions, even in tropical habitats where climatic seasonality is slight. In order to better understand the phenologies of resident tropical birds, and how phenology may differ among species at the same site, we used ~70 000 hours of audio recordings collected continuously for two years at four recording stations in Singapore and nine custom-made machine learning classifiers to determine the vocal phenology of a panel of nine resident bird species. We detected distinct seasonality in vocal activity in some species but not others. Native forest species sang seasonally. In contrast, species which have had breeding populations in Singapore only for the last few decades exhibited seemingly aseasonal or unpredictable song activity throughout the year. Urbanization and habitat modification over the last 100 years have altered the composition of species in Singapore, which appears to have influenced phenological dynamics in the avian community. It is unclear what is driving the differences in phenology between these two groups of species, but it may be due to either differences in seasonal availability of preferred foods, or because newly established populations may require decades to adjust to local environmental conditions. Our results highlight the ways that anthropogenic habitat modification may disrupt phenological cycles in tropical regions in addition to altering the species community.</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141532430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropogenic nesting substrates increase parental fitness in a Neotropical songbird, the pale-breasted thrush Turdus leucomelas","authors":"Augusto Florisvaldo Batisteli,&nbsp;Hugo Sarmento,&nbsp;Marco Aurélio Pizo","doi":"10.1111/jav.03240","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jav.03240","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The failure of breeding attempts is a major hindrance to bird reproduction, making nest site choice under strong selective pressure. Urbanization may offer lower risk of nest predation to certain bird species, but the impact of using anthropogenic structures as nesting sites on parental fitness is seldom studied. We studied the effect of anthropogenic substrates and brood parasitism by the shiny cowbird <i>Molothrus bonariensis</i> on the nest success of a Neotropical songbird, the pale-breasted thrush <i>Turdus leucomelas</i>. We monitored 263 nesting attempts between 2017 and 2020 to estimate daily survival rate (DSR), which represents the probability of a given nest surviving until the next day. DSR was modelled as a response variable in function of substrate type (plants as ‘natural' or human buildings as ‘artificial') and brood parasitism as fixed factors, using as covariates year, a linear and a quadratic seasonal trends. Additionally, we tested the effect of these same explanatory variables on the number of fledglings per nest using a generalized linear mixed-effects model. Most nests (78.7%) were placed in artificial substrates and apparent nest success (i.e. the percentage of nesting attempts that produced at least one thrush fledgling) was higher in artificial (50.2%) than in natural substrates (37.5%). DSR was higher for nests in artificial than in natural substrates regardless of cowbird parasitism, whereas the number of fledglings per nest was higher both in artificial substrates and for nests without cowbird parasitism. We highlight that nesting in buildings significantly increases parental fitness in pale-breasted thrushes, which may favor their settlement in cities and potentially drive the evolution of this breeding behavior in urban birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":15278,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Avian Biology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jav.03240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}