Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Comparison Study of Manometric Respirometric Test and Common Chemical Methods in the Determination of BODbold7 in a Pulp and Paper Mill's Wastewaters.","authors":"Katri Roppola,&nbsp;Toivo Kuokkanen,&nbsp;Hannu Nurmesniemi,&nbsp;Jaakko Rämö,&nbsp;Risto Pöykiö,&nbsp;Hanna Prokkola","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC/2006/90384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/90384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biological oxygen demand (BOD) test is widely used in many wastewater treatment plants. The conventional BOD tests are usually time-consuming and the results are often out of date for process control purposes. The aim of this research was to compare the manometric respirometric test with common chemical methods in the determination of BOD of wastewater from a pulp and paper mills as well as to evaluate the BOD (7) values of both wastewaters from the short-term respirometric measurements. The results showed that there were differences in the BOD(7) values of paper mill samples measured by conventional and respirometric methods. The main cause was found to be the dilution solution used in the conventional BOD tests. Using the same mineral solution in the respirometric measurements diminished the difference remarkably. Evaluation of the BOD(7) value after two or three days incubation was proved to work very well and the estimated results were close to measured values (deviations 1%-12%).</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2006 ","pages":"90384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/90384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26864817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An automated method for the determination of intestinal disaccharidase and glucoamylase activities.","authors":"Zhaoping He,&nbsp;Laura Bolling,&nbsp;Dalal Tonb,&nbsp;Tracey Nadal,&nbsp;Devendra I Mehta","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC/2006/93947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/93947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Determination of disaccharidase and glucoamylase activities is important for the diagnosis of intestinal diseases. We adapted a widely accepted manual method to an automated system that uses the same reagents reaction volumes, incubation times, and biopsy size as the manual method. A dye was added to the homogenates as the internal quality control to monitor the pipetting precision of the automated system. When the automated system was tested using human intestinal homogenates, the activities of all the routinely tested disaccharidases, including lactase, maltase, sucrase, and palatinase, as well as the activity of glucoamylase, showed perfect agreement with the manual method and were highly reproducible. The automated analyzer can perform the same routine assays of disaccharidases and glucoamylase with high consistency and accuracy and reduce testing costs by performing a larger sample size with the same number of staff. Additional developments, such as barcoding and built-in plate reading, would result in a completely automated system.</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2006 ","pages":"93947"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/93947","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26864818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiparametric flow system for the automated determination of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in large-volume parenteral solutions and concentrated hemodialysis solutions.","authors":"Mariela Pistón,&nbsp;Isabel Dol,&nbsp;Moisés Knochen","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC/2006/47627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/47627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A multiparametric flow system based on multicommutation and binary sampling has been designed for the automated determination of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in large-volume parenteral solutions and hemodialysis concentrated solutions. The goal was to obtain a computer-controlled system capable of determining the four metals without extensive modifications. The system involved the use of five solenoid valves under software control, allowing the establishment of the appropriate flow conditions for each analyte, that is, sample size, dilution, reagent addition, and so forth. Detection was carried out by either flame atomic emission spectrometry (sodium, potassium) or flame atomic absorption spectrometry (calcium, magnesium). The influence of several operating parameters was studied. Validation was carried out by analyzing artificial samples. Figures of merit obtained include linearity, accuracy, precision, and sampling frequency. Linearity was satisfactory: sodium, r2>0.999 (0.5-3.5 g/L), potassium, r2>0.996 (50-150 mg/L), calcium, r2>0.999 (30-120 mg/L), and magnesium, r2>0.999 (20-40 mg/L). Precision (sr, %, n=5) was better than 2.1%, and accuracy (evaluated through recovery assays) was in the range of 99.8%-101.0% (sodium), 100.8-102.5% (potassium), 97.3%-101.3% (calcium), and 97.1%-99.8% (magnesium). Sampling frequencies (h-1) were 70 (sodium), 75 (potassium), 70 (calcium), and 58 (magnesium). According to the results obtained, the use of an automated multiparametric system based on multicommutation offers several advantages for the quality control of large-volume parenteral solutions and hemodialysis concentrated solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2006 ","pages":"47627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/47627","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26865473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bacillus sphaericus Based Biosensor for Monitoring Nickel Ions in Industrial Effluents and Foods.","authors":"Neelam Verma,&nbsp;Minni Singh","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC/2006/83427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/83427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A microbial-based biosensor has been developed based on enzyme inhibition bioassay for monitoring the presence of Ni(II) in real-time samples. The sensing element is immobilized Bacillus sphaericus MTCC 5100 yielding urease enzyme. The transducer is an NH4+ ion selective electrode in conjunction with a potentiometer. Heavy metals are potentially toxic to human beings. Nickel is associated with causing adverse health effects such as dermatitis and vertigo, in humans. Toxicity is manifested by affecting T-cell system and suppressing the activity of natural killer cells. Nickel finds applications in electroplating, coinage, electrodes, jewellery, alloys. The foods rich in Ni(II) are nuts, beans, oats, and wheat. The range of Ni(II) detection by the developed biosensor is 0.03-0.68 nM (0.002-0.04 ppb) with a response time of 1.5 minutes. For application, the Ni(II) effluent was procured from an electroplating industrial unit and was found to have a concentration of 100.0 ppm Ni(II). In foods, wheat flour sample was acid digested and Ni(II) was specifically complexed in the presence of other cations, and had an Ni(II) concentration of 0.044 ppm. The developed system has a reliability of 91.5% and 90.6%, respectively, for the samples and could possibly replace the existing conventional techniques of analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2006 ","pages":"83427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/83427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26864815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of innotrac aio! Second-generation cardiac troponin I assay: the main characteristics for routine clinical use.","authors":"P Hedberg,&nbsp;J Valkama,&nbsp;E Suvanto,&nbsp;S Pikkujämsä,&nbsp;K Ylitalo,&nbsp;E Alasaarela,&nbsp;M Puukka","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC/2006/39325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/39325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The availability of a simple, sensitive, and rapid test using whole blood to facilitate processing and to reduce the turnaround time could improve the management of patients presenting with chest pain. The aim of this study was an evaluation of the Innotrac Aio! second-generation cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assay. The Innotrac Aio! second-generation cTnI assay was compared with the Abbott AxSYM first-generation cTnI, Beckman Access AccuTnI, and Innotrac Aio! first-generation cTnI assays. We studied serum samples from 15 patients with positive rheumatoid factor but with no indication of myocardial infarction (MI). Additionally, the stability of the sample with different matrices and the influence of hemodialysis on the cTnI concentration were evaluated. Within-assay CVs were 3.2%-10.9%, and between-assay precision ranged from 4.0% to 17.2% for cTnI. The functional sensitivity (CV = 20 %) and the concentration giving CV of 10% were approximated to be 0.02 and 0.04, respectively. The assay was found to be linear within the tested range of 0.063-111.6 mu g/L. The correlations between the second-generation Innotrac Aio!, Access, and AxSYM cTnI assays were good (r coefficients 0.947-0.966), but involved differences in the measured concentrations, and the biases were highest with cTnI at low concentrations. The second-generation Innotrac Aio! cTnI assay was found to be superior to the first-generation assay with regard to precision in the low concentration range. The stability of the cTnI level was best in the serum, lithium-heparin plasma, and lithium-heparin whole blood samples (n = 10 , decrease < 10 % in 24 hours at +20( degrees )C and at +4( degrees )C. There was no remarkable influence of hemodialysis on the cTnI release. False-positive cTnI values occurred in the presence of very high rheumatoid factor values, that is, over 3000 U/L. The 99th percentile of the apparently healthy reference group was </= 0.03 mu g/L. The results demonstrate the very good analytical performance of the second-generation Innotrac Aio! cTnI assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2006 ","pages":"39325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC/2006/39325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26865470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new analyzer based on pellistor sensor with neural network data postprocessing for measurement of hydrocarbons in lower explosive limit range.","authors":"Radosław Bandomir,&nbsp;Mariusz Krawczyk,&nbsp;Jacek Namieśnik","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC.2005.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present the results of a first stage of development work on a new type of analyzer for hydrogen and C(1)-C(3) hydrocarbons concentration measurements in the lower explosive limit range, based on single pellistor sensor with artificial neural network data postprocessing.</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2005 ","pages":"55-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.55","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27794469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical Considerations in Remote LIMS Access via the World Wide Web.","authors":"William Ulma,&nbsp;David M Schlabach","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC.2005.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increased dependency on the World Wide Web by both laboratories and their customers has led LIMS developers to take advantage of thin-client web applications that provide both remote data entry and manipulation, along with remote reporting functionality. Use of an LIMS through a web browser allows a person to interact with a distant application, providing both remote administration and real-time analytical result delivery from virtually anywhere in the world. While there are many benefits of web-based LIMS applications, some concern must be given to these new methods of system architecture before justifying them as a suitable replacement for their traditional client-server systems. Developers and consumers alike must consider the security aspects of introducing a wide area network capable system into a production environment, as well as the concerns of data integrity and usability.</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2005 ","pages":"217-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27795255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and development of microcontroller-based clinical chemistry analyser for measurement of various blood biochemistry parameters.","authors":"S R Taneja,&nbsp;R C Gupta,&nbsp;Jagdish Kumar,&nbsp;K K Thariyan,&nbsp;Sanjeev Verma","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC.2005.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical chemistry analyser is a high-performance microcontroller-based photometric biochemical analyser to measure various blood biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, urea, protein, bilirubin, and so forth, and also to measure and observe enzyme growth occurred while performing the other biochemical tests such as ALT (alkaline amino transferase), amylase, AST (aspartate amino transferase), and so forth. These tests are of great significance in biochemistry and used for diagnostic purposes and classifying various disorders and diseases such as diabetes, liver malfunctioning, renal diseases, and so forth. An inexpensive clinical chemistry analyser developed by the authors is described in this paper. This is an open system in which any reagent kit available in the market can be used. The system is based on the principle of absorbance transmittance photometry. System design is based around 80C31 microcontroller with RAM, EPROM, and peripheral interface devices. The developed system incorporates light source, an optical module, interference filters of various wave lengths, peltier device for maintaining required temperature of the mixture in flow cell, peristaltic pump for sample aspiration, graphic LCD display for displaying blood parameters, patients test results and kinetic test graph, 40 columns mini thermal printer, and also 32-key keyboard for executing various functions. The lab tests conducted on the instrument include versatility of the analyzer, flexibility of the software, and treatment of sample. The prototype was tested and evaluated over 1000 blood samples successfully for seventeen blood parameters. Evaluation was carried out at Government Medical College and Hospital, the Department of Biochemistry. The test results were found to be comparable with other standard instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2005 ","pages":"223-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27795256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of an automated flow injection-chemiluminescence instrument incorporating a miniature photomultiplier tube for monitoring picomolar concentrations of iron in seawater.","authors":"Andrew R Bowie,&nbsp;Eric P Achterberg,&nbsp;Simon Ussher,&nbsp;Paul J Worsfold","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC.2005.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A flow-injection (FI)-based instrument under LabVIEW control for monitoring iron in marine waters is described. The instrument incorporates a miniature, low-power photomultiplier tube (PMT), and a number of microelectric and solenoid actuated valves and peristaltic pumps. The software allows full control of all flow injection components and processing of the data from the PMT. The optimised system is capable of 20 injections per hour, including preconcentration and wash steps. The detection limit (3 sd of the blank) is 21 pM at sea and the linear range is 21-2000 pM with a 60-second sample load time. Typical precision between replicate FI peaks is 5.9 +/- 3.2 % (n =4) over the linear range.</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2005 ","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.37","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27794466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Developments in the Field of Reaction Technology: The Multiparallel Reactor HPMR 50-96.","authors":"Arne Allwardt,&nbsp;Norbert Stoll,&nbsp;Christian Wendler,&nbsp;Kerstin Thurow","doi":"10.1155/JAMMC.2005.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Catalytic high-pressure reactions play an important role in classic bulk chemistry. The optimization of common reactions, the search for new and more effective catalysts, and the increasing use of catalytic pressure reactions in the field of drug development call for high-parallel reaction systems. A crucial task of current developments, apart from the parameters of pressure, temperature, and number of reaction chambers, is, in this respect, the systems' integration into complex laboratory automation environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry","volume":"2005 ","pages":"26-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/JAMMC.2005.26","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27794672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}