Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Hoang Nhat Pham, Ramzi Ibrahim, Mohamed Allam, Girish Pathangey, Min Choon Tan, Kwan Lee, F David Fortuin, Said Alsidawi, Chadi Ayoub, Mohamad Alkhouli, Reza Arsanjani
{"title":"Outcomes of SGLT2 inhibitors after transcatheter mitral valve repair in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Hoang Nhat Pham, Ramzi Ibrahim, Mohamed Allam, Girish Pathangey, Min Choon Tan, Kwan Lee, F David Fortuin, Said Alsidawi, Chadi Ayoub, Mohamad Alkhouli, Reza Arsanjani","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001936","DOIUrl":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have demonstrated cardio- and renoprotective effects in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, their impact on patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair (TEER) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SGLT2i use and clinical outcomes in patients with T2DM undergoing TEER.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicenter retrospective analysis using the TriNetX Research Network identified adults with T2DM who underwent TEER between 2015 and 2023. Patients receiving SGLT2is at the time of TEER (n = 325) were propensity-score-matched 1 : 1 to a non-SGLT2i group (n = 325). The primary outcomes at 1 year included all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; composite of acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, acute heart failure, and ischemic stroke), acute kidney injury (AKI), and major adverse kidney events (MAKE; composite of stage 5 chronic kidney disease, end-stage kidney disease, dialysis dependence, or kidney failure).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching, the cohorts were well balanced across most baseline characteristics, with a residual difference in baseline renal function (higher eGFR in the SGLT2i group). At 1 year, SGLT2i use was associated with lower all-cause mortality (15.1 vs. 20.0%; hazard ratio 0.68, P = 0.038) and reduced MAKE (6.2 vs. 11.7%; hazard ratio 0.47, P = 0.005). There were no significant differences in MACE (52.0 vs. 46.2%, P = 0.136) or AKI (31.7 vs. 32.9%, P = 0.737).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among patients with T2DM undergoing TEER, SGLT2i use was associated with significantly lower all-cause mortality and lower risk of MAKE at 1 year, despite similar rates of MACE and AKI. These findings support their potential renoprotective effects and overall survival benefits of SGLT2is in this high-risk population and warrant prospective validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 9","pages":"716-725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matteo Pagnesi, Gad Cotter, Beth Davison, Valentina Carubelli, Yuhui Zhang, Gabriella Malfatto, Maria Teresa La Rovere, Carlo Mario Lombardi, Jian Zhang, Marco Metra
{"title":"Early changes in dyspnea with 24-h istaroxime infusion among patients with acute heart failure.","authors":"Matteo Pagnesi, Gad Cotter, Beth Davison, Valentina Carubelli, Yuhui Zhang, Gabriella Malfatto, Maria Teresa La Rovere, Carlo Mario Lombardi, Jian Zhang, Marco Metra","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001924","DOIUrl":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We evaluated the effects of a 24-h istaroxime infusion on changes in self-reported dyspnea among patients with acute heart failure (AHF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients hospitalized for AHF with ejection fraction ≤40 were randomized to receive a 24-h infusion of placebo or istaroxime at doses of 0.5 (Ista-0.5) or 1.0 μg/kg/min (Ista-1.0). Self-reported dyspnea was assessed by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS). Dyspnea VAS area under the curve (AUC) and changes in VAS dyspnea from baseline through 24 and 48 h were compared between istaroxime- and placebo-treated patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 113 AHF patients (n = 39 placebo, n = 39 Ista-0.5, n = 35 Ista-1.0), a statistically significant difference in dyspnea VAS AUC from baseline through 24 h was observed in the pooled istaroxime arm vs. the placebo arm [win odds 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00 to 2.07; P = 0.048], with similar findings for Ista-0.5 vs. placebo (win odds 1.48, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.18; P = 0.047). Win odds consistently favored istaroxime through 48 h, though significance was not maintained. Results were numerically more pronounced among patients with baseline dyspnea VAS < 80, particularly for Ista-0.5 vs. placebo (win odds 1.71, 95% CI 0.76 to 3.83; P = 0.172). Consistent findings were observed changes in dyspnea VAS through 24 h, with a least square mean difference of 2.6 points (95% CI -1.8 to 7.0) between Ista-1.0 and placebo.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among patients with AHF, 24-h istaroxime infusion was associated with a significantly higher probability of dyspnea improvement compared with placebo through 24 h, with results being numerically more pronounced among patients with worse dyspnea at baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 8","pages":"629-633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Bonelli, Anna Degiovanni, Angelica Cersosimo, Enrico Guido Spinoni, Manuel Bosco, Gabriele Dell'Era, Antonella Moreo, Benedetta Carla De Chiara, Lorenzo Gigli, Francesca Salghetti, Carlo Mario Lombardi, Gianmarco Arabia, Elisa Brangi, Michele Legati, Cristina Giannattasio, Giuseppe Patti, Antonio Curnis, Marco Metra, Riccardo Maria Inciardi
{"title":"Impact of right ventricular to pulmonary artery coupling in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.","authors":"Andrea Bonelli, Anna Degiovanni, Angelica Cersosimo, Enrico Guido Spinoni, Manuel Bosco, Gabriele Dell'Era, Antonella Moreo, Benedetta Carla De Chiara, Lorenzo Gigli, Francesca Salghetti, Carlo Mario Lombardi, Gianmarco Arabia, Elisa Brangi, Michele Legati, Cristina Giannattasio, Giuseppe Patti, Antonio Curnis, Marco Metra, Riccardo Maria Inciardi","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001922","DOIUrl":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Right ventricular to pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling has emerged as an important determinant of prognosis in heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. However, its role in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation remains uncertain. This study investigated changes in RV-PA coupling after ablation and its association with atrial fibrillation recurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>In this multicenter prospective study, 118 patients undergoing ablation of atrial fibrillation were evaluated at baseline and after 3 months using comprehensive clinical and echocardiographic assessment. Atrial fibrillation recurrence was assessed at 1-year follow-up.After 3 months, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) increased (22.4 ± 4.1 to 24 ± 3.8, P < 0.001), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) decreased (29.5 ± 6.6 to 27.9 ± 7.7, P = 0.030), and TAPSE/PASP increased (0.81 ± 0.27 to 0.93 ± 0.29, P < 0.001). At 1 year, atrial fibrillation recurrence occurred in 50/118 patients (42%). Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a significant nonlinear association between TAPSE/PASP and AF recurrence (P for nonlinearity = 0.041). Patients in the lowest TAPSE/PASP tertile (<0.67 mm/mmHg) had a higher risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence at 1 year compared with those in the highest (hazard ratio 2.66, 95% confidence interval 1.31-5.45, P = 0.007). Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed a higher recurrence rate in the lowest tertile (log-rank P = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, RV-PA coupling significantly improved after the procedure. Lower baseline TAPSE/PASP was independently associated with atrial fibrillation recurrence, supporting the role of RV-PA uncoupling as a potential marker for postablation risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 8","pages":"621-628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raimondo Pittorru, Manuel De Lazzari, Alessandro Rizzo, Gaia Zancanaro, Jacopo Rosso, Federico Migliore
{"title":"Atrial fibrillation ablation and right-sided subcutaneous cardioverter defibrillator implantation in situs inversus dextrocardia with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Raimondo Pittorru, Manuel De Lazzari, Alessandro Rizzo, Gaia Zancanaro, Jacopo Rosso, Federico Migliore","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2459/JCM.0000000000001923","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 8","pages":"672-673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annalisa Pasquini, Andrea Pica, Maria Concetta Pastore, Gabriele Mazzenga, Maria Alma Iuliano, Monica Filice, Marta Focardi, Piergiorgio Bruno, Giovanni Alfonso Chiariello, Natalia Pavone, Maria Grandinetti, Francesco Burzotta, Matteo Cameli, Massimo Massetti
{"title":"Speckle-tracking staging of extra-valvular cardiac damage in degenerative mitral regurgitation: prognostic implications.","authors":"Annalisa Pasquini, Andrea Pica, Maria Concetta Pastore, Gabriele Mazzenga, Maria Alma Iuliano, Monica Filice, Marta Focardi, Piergiorgio Bruno, Giovanni Alfonso Chiariello, Natalia Pavone, Maria Grandinetti, Francesco Burzotta, Matteo Cameli, Massimo Massetti","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001927","DOIUrl":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>In asymptomatic patients with severe primary mitral regurgitation, surgical referral is based on 2D echocardiographic indices that often identify advanced myocardial injury. Speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) may detect earlier, reversible dysfunction.This study evaluated whether a novel multichamber STE-based staging system of extra-valvular cardiac damage improves risk stratification in patients with severe degenerative mitral regurgitation undergoing surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation undergoing surgery: derivation cohort (n = 208; mean age 64 ± 13 years; 59.7% men) and validation cohort (n = 92; mean age 63 ± 12 years; 53.3% men). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis identified optimal strain cut-offs associated with adverse outcomes: left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) less than 20%, peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) less than 25%, and right ventricular free-wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) less than 17%. Patients were classified into four stages: Stage 0, no damage; Stage 1, left atrial damage (PALS < 25%); Stage 2, left ventricular damage (LVGLS < 20%); Stage 3, right ventricular damage (RVFWLS < 17%).The STE-based staging system was independently associated with the composite of periprocedural adverse events (mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, acute kidney injury, life-threatening bleeding or sepsis/wound infection requiring reintervention, complete atrioventricular block requiring pacemaker implantation): odds ratio 1.68 per stage increase (confidence interval 1.24-2.32; P = 0.001). Predictive accuracy was higher compared with clinical and echocardiographic data, with consistent results in the validation cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The multichamber STE staging system provides incremental prognostic information beyond conventional parameters, improving perioperative risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 8","pages":"641-650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniele Faccenda, Francesco Santoro, Nicolò Sisti, Alfonsomaria Salucci, Federico Migliore, Antonio Strangio, Antonio Frontera, Lucy Barone, Matteo Anselmino, Gianfranco Mitacchione, Enrico Baldi, Valerio Pergola, Antonio Curcio, Teresa Strisciuglio, Giuseppe Ammirati, Giacomo Mugnai, Maria C Gatto, Antonio Rapacciuolo
{"title":"Cardiac implantable electronic device infection awareness and management: nationwide survey amongst general practitioners.","authors":"Daniele Faccenda, Francesco Santoro, Nicolò Sisti, Alfonsomaria Salucci, Federico Migliore, Antonio Strangio, Antonio Frontera, Lucy Barone, Matteo Anselmino, Gianfranco Mitacchione, Enrico Baldi, Valerio Pergola, Antonio Curcio, Teresa Strisciuglio, Giuseppe Ammirati, Giacomo Mugnai, Maria C Gatto, Antonio Rapacciuolo","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2459/JCM.0000000000001925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, and early recognition with referral for device extraction is crucial for optimal outcomes. General practitioners (GPs) are essential for long-term follow-up, yet their adherence to international guidelines remains poorly defined. This survey aimed to assess GPs' levels of awareness and clinical management of CIED infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationwide survey endorsed by the Electrophysiology and Cardiac Pacing Study Group of the Italian Federation of Cardiology was sent to GPs throughout Italy. The questionnaire explored epidemiology, prognosis, clinical scenarios, preventive strategies, therapeutic pathways, and educational background regarding CIED infections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 183 GPs from 10 Italian regions participated. Most respondents (62.8%) correctly estimated CIED infection incidence at 1-2%. However, two-thirds (122 GPs, 66.6%) considered conservative management to be associated with good outcomes, and only 28.4% recognized CIED infection as a condition with a poor prognosis. While 93.4% identified systemic inflammatory symptoms as warning signs, fewer than one-third would refer febrile CIED carriers to an electrophysiology specialist. Preventive strategies were heterogeneous, with more than half (54.1%) prescribing antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures. Only six GPs (3.8%) reported having received adequate training or dedicated education courses on CIED infections during their educational pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Italian GPs demonstrate reasonable epidemiological awareness of CIED infections. However, major gaps exist in prognostic understanding, diagnostic referral, prevention, and therapeutic alignment with guidelines. These findings highlight the need for structured educational programs and shared care pathways between primary care and electrophysiology services.</p>","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 8","pages":"634-640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mustafa Aytek Şimşek, Alper Karakuş, Muzaffer Murat Değertekin, Adnan Ezici, Bariş Şimşek, Özlem Yildirimtürk, Emrah Bozbeyoğlu, Can Yücel Karabay, Kartal Emre Aslanger
{"title":"Fragmented QRS and mortality risk in patients with acute coronary occlusion myocardial infarction.","authors":"Mustafa Aytek Şimşek, Alper Karakuş, Muzaffer Murat Değertekin, Adnan Ezici, Bariş Şimşek, Özlem Yildirimtürk, Emrah Bozbeyoğlu, Can Yücel Karabay, Kartal Emre Aslanger","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2459/JCM.0000000000001928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Fragmented QRS (fQRS) is an electrocardiographic marker of myocardial injury associated with adverse outcomes in acute coronary syndromes. This study aimed to examine its prognostic value within the acute coronary occlusion myocardial infarction (ACOMI) classification framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 996 patients with Type 1a or Type 1b ACOMI-compatible ECGs. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. A prespecified multivariable Cox regression model with 10 covariates was used. Model discrimination was assessed using the area under the ROC curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>fQRS was present in 237 patients (23.7%). During a median follow-up of 618 days (IQR: 398-725 days), 127 deaths occurred (12.6%). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly lower survival in fQRS-positive patients (79.3% vs. 89.7%; P < 0.001). On multivariable Cox regression, fQRS was an independent predictor of mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 1.702; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.050-2.760; P = 0.032], alongside the GRACE risk score (HR: 1.021; P < 0.001) and left ventricular ejection fraction (HR: 0.955; P < 0.001). fQRS improved model discrimination (AUC: 0.784-0.800; ΔAUC = +0.016). In the Type 1a subgroup, a signal toward increased fQRS-associated mortality was observed (HR: 1.662; P = 0.056), though this did not reach statistical significance. The fQRS × ECG type interaction was nonsignificant (P-interaction = 0.733); subgroup findings should be regarded as hypothesis-generating.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>fQRS on admission ECG is independently associated with all-cause mortality in ACOMI patients and may serve as a simple adjunctive marker for risk stratification, though prospective validation is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 8","pages":"651-658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena Surkova, Matt Arnold, Gabor Foldes, Judith Hartleib-Geschwindner
{"title":"Heart failure prevalence, medications, and outcomes in transcatheter aortic valve interventions: the real-world analysis.","authors":"Elena Surkova, Matt Arnold, Gabor Foldes, Judith Hartleib-Geschwindner","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2459/JCM.0000000000001899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite successful transcatheter aortic valve interventions (TAVIs), a residual risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalization persists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 37 490 patients from Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart were included. HF diagnosis was recorded in 21 283 (56.9%) patients during a year before TAVI. One-/two-year risks for a composite of HF hospitalization and mortality were 15.6% [95% confidence interval (CI), 15.2-16.0]/25.4% (95% CI, 24.8-25.9). Post-TAVI, HF medication prescriptions remained low.</p><p><strong>Major findings: </strong>HF burden among TAVI recipients is high and HF therapies are underused. Persistent residual risks highlight the need for future clinical trials investigating a role of more aggressive medical management after TAVI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 8","pages":"612-616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mustafa Abomohsen, Mohanad A Alkuwaiti, Hamzah M Alghzawi, Belal Mohamed Hamed, Mohamed Hamouda Elkasaby, Mohamed Rifai, Hager Mohamed Bakr, Iyad Y Idries, Ignacio A Zepeda, Kumudha Ramasubbu
{"title":"Eplerenone vs. spironolactone in heart failure: a propensity score-matched analysis of 77 904 patients from a global federated network.","authors":"Mustafa Abomohsen, Mohanad A Alkuwaiti, Hamzah M Alghzawi, Belal Mohamed Hamed, Mohamed Hamouda Elkasaby, Mohamed Rifai, Hager Mohamed Bakr, Iyad Y Idries, Ignacio A Zepeda, Kumudha Ramasubbu","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001929","DOIUrl":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) reduce mortality in heart failure, yet whether eplerenone and spironolactone differ in effectiveness remains uncertain owing to the absence of head-to-head trials.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare all-cause mortality, heart failure hospitalization, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression between new users of eplerenone and spironolactone with heart failure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective, new-user cohort study using the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network (171 healthcare organizations). Adults with heart failure receiving a first MRA prescription were matched 1 : 1 by propensity score. Prespecified subgroup analyses were performed in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching (38 952 pairs), all standardized mean differences (SMDs) were below 0.10 except serum potassium (SMD 0.18). At 36 months, eplerenone was associated with lower all-cause mortality [11.75 vs. 14.58%; hazard ratio 0.795, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.765-0.827; P < 0.0001], heart failure hospitalization (hazard ratio 0.917, 95% CI 0.902-0.932), MACE (hazard ratio 0.900, 95% CI 0.886-0.915), and CKD progression (hazard ratio 0.803, 95% CI 0.745-0.867; all P < 0.0001). In HFrEF, eplerenone was associated with significantly lower rates across all outcomes. In HFpEF, mortality did not differ significantly (hazard ratio 0.946, 95% CI 0.876-1.021; P = 0.162), and spironolactone was associated with lower MACE (hazard ratio 1.135, 95% CI 1.087-1.184) and heart failure hospitalization (hazard ratio 1.144, 95% CI 1.108-1.181; both P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this large propensity score-matched cohort, eplerenone was associated with lower mortality, MACE, and CKD progression than spironolactone overall and in HFrEF. In HFpEF, spironolactone was favoured for MACE and heart failure hospitalization, with no significant difference in mortality. These hypothesis-generating findings support prospective head-to-head trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 8","pages":"659-669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Looking for P-wave morphology.","authors":"Pasquale Crea","doi":"10.2459/JCM.0000000000001926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2459/JCM.0000000000001926","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 8","pages":"670-671"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}