Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease最新文献

{"title":"The Complementary Role of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Coronary Artery Disease: From Early Diagnosis to Tailored Management.","authors":"Simone Pasquale Crispino, Andrea Segreti, Martina Ciancio, Dajana Polito, Emiliano Guerra, Giuseppe Di Gioia, Gian Paolo Ussia, Francesco Grigioni","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110357","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for over 9 million deaths annually. The prevalence of CAD continues to rise, driven by ageing and the increasing prevalence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Current clinical guidelines emphasize the importance of functional tests in the diagnostic pathway, particularly for assessing the presence and severity of ischemia. While recommended tests are valuable, they may not fully capture the complex physiological responses to exercise or provide the necessary detail to tailor personalized treatment plans. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) offers a comprehensive assessment of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and muscular systems under stress, potentially addressing these gaps and providing a more precise understanding of CAD, particularly in settings where traditional diagnostics may be insufficient. By enabling more personalized and precise treatment strategies, CPET could play a central role in the future of CAD management. This narrative review examines the current evidence supporting the use of CPET in CAD diagnosis and management and explores the potential for integrating CPET into existing clinical guidelines, considering its diagnostic and prognostic capabilities, cost-effectiveness, and the challenges associated with its adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnant Woman in Outcomes with Prosthetic Heart Valves.","authors":"Giunai Sefiyeva, Ulyana Shadrina, Tatiana Vavilova, Olga Sirotkina, Andrey Bautin, Aigul Chynybekova, Anna Pozhidaeva, Ekaterina Stepanovykh, Anna Starshinova, Dmitry Kudlay, Olga Irtyuga","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110353","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We here sought to assess thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications and associated risk factors during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum in women with prosthetic heart valves (PHV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retrospective cohort study covered January 2011 to December 2022. The objective of the study was to assess the risk factors and frequency of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications during pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period in women with PHV based on the experience of one perinatal center. We included 88 pregnancies with 77 prosthetic heart valves (PHV), which were divided into two groups, mechanical valve prostheses (MVP) (n = 64) and biological valve prosthesis (BVP) (n = 24). In the study we analyzed pregnancy outcomes, as well as thrombotic and hemorrhagic complication frequencies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 88 pregnancies, 79 resulted in live births. In the MVP group, there were six miscarriages (9.4%) and two medical abortions (3.1%), including one due to Warfarin's teratogenic effects. No miscarriages were reported in the BVP group, but one fetal mortality case (4.2%) occurred. During pregnancy, 11 MVP cases (17.2%) experienced thrombotic complications. In the BVP group, one patient (4.2%) had transient ischemic attack (TIA). Two MVP cases required surgical valve repair during pregnancy, and one in the post-delivery stage was caused by thrombotic complications. Postpartum, two MVP cases had strokes, and in one MVP patient, pulmonary embolism was registered, while no thrombotic complications occurred in the BVP group. Hemorrhagic complications affected 15 MVP cases (17.9%) in the postpartum period. There were no registered cases of maternal mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The effective control of anti-factor Xa activity reduced thrombotic events. However, the persistently high incidence of postpartum hemorrhagic complications suggests a need to reassess anticoagulant therapy regimens, lower target levels of anti-Xa, and reduce INR levels for discontinuing heparin bridge therapy. Despite the heightened mortality risk in MVP patients, our study cohort did not have any mortality cases, which contrasts with findings from other registries.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11595173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An In Vivo Model of Estrogen Supplementation Concerning the Expression of Ca²⁺-Dependent Exchangers and Mortality, Vitality and Survival After Myocardial Infarction in Ovariectomized Rats.","authors":"Tomáš Toporcer, Tomáš Grendel, Ivana Špaková, Alžbeta Blichárová, Ľudmila Verbóová, Zuzana Benetinová, Beata Čižmárová, Miroslava Rabajdová, Silvia Toporcerová","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110352","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic-reperfusion damage of cardiomyocytes due to myocardial infarction (MI) often leads to the death of an individual. Premenopausal women have been observed to have a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than men of the same age. In menopausal women, this trend is significantly reversed, and the risk of CVD increases up to 10-fold. Estrogens affect the development and function of the heart muscle, and as they decrease, the risk and poor prognosis of CVD increase. This study is focused on the effects of estrogen supplementation on morbidity, vitality, and <i>NCX1</i> expression after MI on a model system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 58), which were divided into three experimental groups (NN-control group, non-supplemented; OVX-N-ovariectomized, non-supplemented; OVX-S-ovariectomized, supplemented), received left thoracotomy in the fourth intercostal space. The left anterior descendent coronary artery was ligated 2 mm from its origin with an 8.0 suture. An immunohistological analysis as well as an RT-PCR analysis of <i>NCX1</i> expression were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A higher survival rate was recorded in the OVX-N group (86%) in comparison with the OVX-S group (53%) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, higher <i>NCX1</i> expression 7 days/14 days after MI in the OVX-S group in comparison with the NN and OVX-N (<i>p</i> < 0.001 and <i>p</i> < 0.05) groups was recorded. Seven days after MI, a significantly higher expression (<i>p</i> < 0.005) of mRNA <i>NCX1</i> in the OVX-N group was also recorded in comparison with the NN group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides a comprehensive description of the effect of estrogen supplementation on <i>NCX1</i> expression and overall vitality in ovariectomized rats that survived MI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11595027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Respiratory Muscle Training Pre- and Post-Cardiac Surgery in Adults: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Giulia Starko, Daniel Müller, Antoine Lipka, Patrick Feiereisen, Camilo Corbellini, Raphael Martins de Abreu","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110351","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary artery bypass grafts (CABGs) and cardiac valve replacement surgeries (CVRSs) are common lifesaving cardiac surgeries. They are linked to an increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). This review scopes the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on adult patients, considering mainly exercise capacity, lung function, and the occurrence of PPCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review was built using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Four databases were searched in May 2024. Three reviewers independently screened the articles. The data were extracted and summarised in text and tables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies were included in the final analysis, where IMT was compared to sham or placebo IMT, and some studies added an exercise program to both groups. PeakVO₂, the six-minute walking test (6MWT), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), quality of life (QoL), PPCs, and spirometry outcomes showed significant improvements between the intervention group (IG) and control group (CG) and intragroup over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IMT can be a non-conventional training method to prevent respiratory muscle weakness. It can be applied in pre- or post-surgical contexts, potentially affecting exercise capacity and quality of life in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity and Reliability of Self-Reported Prevalent and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Asian Adults.","authors":"Charumathi Sabanayagam, Feng He, Miao Li Chee, Ching-Yu Cheng","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110350","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Asians. We aimed to examine the validity and reliability of self-reported (SR) CVD in 6762 Chinese, Malay, and Indian adults aged 40-80 years who attended the baseline (November 2004) and 6-year follow-up visit (2011-2017) of a population-based cohort study in Singapore. CVD was defined based on the presence of existing (prevalent) or new onset (incident) cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or stroke. The validity of SR-CVD was assessed by comparing it against diagnosed CVD using sensitivity and specificity. The reliability of SR-CVD was evaluated by calculating the percentage of positive agreement between baseline and follow-up visits. The sensitivity and specificity of SR-CVD were 62.7% and 93.8% for prevalent SR-CVD and 50.9% and 98.5% for incident SR-CVD. The negative predictive value (NPV) was 98.1% for both prevalent and incident SR-CVD. The reliability of positive self-reports between the baseline and follow-up was substantial, at 85%. The excellent specificity and NPV of SR-CVD suggest that it could serve as a valuable tool for excluding AMI and stroke. However, its moderate sensitivity suggests that positive SR-CVD reports should prompt further clinical evaluation to prevent potential false positives.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Management of Periprocedural Coronary Extravasation Using Liquid Embolic Agent n-Hexyl-Cyanoacrylate.","authors":"Artiomas Širvys, Andrius Berūkštis","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110347","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the complication rate of percutaneous coronary intervention is low, coronary artery perforation occurs in 0.2-0.5% of cases. Intracoronary glue injection is not an established treatment option, with only a few cases reported in the literature and no reported use of n-hexyl-cyanoacrylate. Case report: A 75-year-old man was diagnosed with a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Since there was no acute chest pain and no signs of ongoing ischemia on the ECG, diagnostic coronary angiography was performed the day after arrival. The coronary angiography revealed a proximal subocclusion of the left anterior descending artery. The lesion was successfully predilated, and a drug-eluting 5 × 28 mm stent was implanted, occluding two small diagonal branches. While attempting to create a gap in the stent to revascularize the occluded branch, a side branch perforation was detected. This was successfully treated by occluding the branch with an intracoronary cyanoacrylate glue injection. No signs of cardiac tamponade were observed during follow-up after the procedure, and the patient was soon discharged to rehabilitation. Conclusions: Coronary artery perforation is a serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention. Intracoronary glue injection and embolization of the perforated side branch appear to be a safe and effective technique for managing this complication.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11595038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct Patterns of Smooth Muscle Phenotypic Modulation in Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.","authors":"Chien-Jung Lin, Campbell Keating, Robyn Roth, Yasar Caliskan, Mustafa Nazzal, Vernat Exil, Richard DiPaolo, Divya Ratan Verma, Kishore Harjai, Mohamed Zayed, Chieh-Yu Lin, Robert P Mecham, Ajay K Jain","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110349","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAs and AAAs, respectively) share morphological features but have distinct clinical and hereditary characteristics. Studies using bulk RNA comparisons revealed distinct patterns of gene expression in human TAA and AAA tissues. However, given the summative nature of bulk RNA studies, these findings represent the totality of gene expression without regards to the differences in cellular composition. Single-cell RNA sequencing provides an opportunity to interrogate cell-type-specific transcriptomes. Single cell RNA sequencing datasets from mouse TAA (GSE153534) and AAA (GSE164678 and GSE152583) with respective controls were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Bioinformatic analysis was performed with the Seurat 4, clusterProfiler, and Connectome software packages (V1.0.1). Immunostaining was performed with standard protocols. Within normal and aneurysmal aortae, three unique populations of cells that express smooth muscle cell (SMC) markers were identified (SMC1, SMC2, and SMCmod). A greater proportion of TAA SMCs clustered as a unique population, SMCmod, relative to the AAA SMCs (38% vs. 10-12%). These cells exhibited transcriptional features distinct from other SMCs, which were characterized by <i>Igfbp2</i> and <i>Tnfrsf11b</i> expression. Genes upregulated in TAA SMCs were enriched for the Reactome terms \"extracellular matrix organization\" and \"insulin-like growth factor (IGF) transport and uptake by IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs)\", indicating a role for <i>Igfbp2</i> in TAA pathogenesis. Regulon analysis revealed transcription factors enriched in TAAs and AAAs. Validating these mouse bioinformatic findings, immunostaining demonstrated that both IGFBP2 and TNFRSF11B proteins increased in human TAAs compared to AAAs. These results highlight the unique cellular composition and transcriptional signature of SMCs in TAAs and AAAs. Future studies are needed to reveal the pathogenetic pathways of <i>IGFBP2</i> and <i>TNFRSF11B</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Relevance of Different Loads of Perivascular Spaces According to Their Localization in Patients with a Recent Small Subcortical Infarct.","authors":"Caterina Sozzi, Carla Brenlla, Inés Bartolomé, Andrés Girona, Emma Muñoz-Moreno, Carlos Laredo, Alejandro Rodríguez-Vázquez, Antonio Doncel-Moriano, Salvatore Rudilosso, Ángel Chamorro","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110345","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Purpose</b>: Perivascular spaces (PVS) are usually enlarged in small vessel disease (SVD). However, the significance of PVS patterns in different locations is uncertain. Hence, we analyzed the distribution of PVS in patients with a recent small subcortical infarct (RSSI) and their correlation with clinical and imaging factors. <b>Materials and Methods</b>: In a cohort of 71 patients with an RSSI with complete clinical data, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), we segmented PVS in white matter (WM-PVS), basal ganglia (BG-PVS), and brainstems (BS-PVS) on 3T-MRI T2-weighted sequences, obtaining fractional volumes (%), and calculated the WM/BG-PVS ratio. We analyzed the Pearson's correlation coefficients between PVS regional loads. We used normalized PVS measures to assess the associations with clinical and MRI-SVD features (white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), number of lacunes, and microbleeds) in univariable and multivariable linear regressions adjusted for age, sex, and hypertension. <b>Results</b>: In our cohort (mean age 70 years; 27% female), the Pearson's correlation coefficients between WM-PVS/BG-PVS, WM-PVS/BS-PVS, and BG-PVS/BS-PVS were 0.67, 0.61, and 0.59 (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). In the adjusted models, BG-PVS were associated with lacunes (<i>p</i> = 0.034), WMHs (<i>p</i> = 0.006), and microbleeds (<i>p</i> = 0.017); WM-PVS with lacunes (<i>p</i> = 0.003); while BS-PVS showed no associations. The WM/BG-PVS ratio was associated with lacunes (<i>p</i> = 0.018) and the PSQI (<i>p</i> = 0.046). <b>Conclusions</b>: PVS burdens in different regions are highly correlated in patients with RSSI but with different SVD patterns. Sleep quality impairment might affect waste removal mechanisms differently in the WM and BG regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Postoperative Glucose Management in CABG Patients: Exploring Early Transition to Subcutaneous Insulin.","authors":"Hamza Alzghoul, Joel Weimer, Abigail Antigua, Geran Maule, Mohamed F Ismail, Ward Althunibat, Raju Reddy, Abdul Ahad Khan, Nehan Sher, Robyn Meadows, Akram Khan","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110348","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tight glycemic control is essential for optimal outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, regardless of pre-operative diabetes status. The ideal timing for transitioning from intravenous (IV) to subcutaneous (SC) insulin remains unclear. This study addresses this knowledge gap by comparing the effects of early transition (postoperative day 1, POD1) versus delayed transition on glycemic control and patient outcomes after CABG surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from a single tertiary medical center focusing on patients receiving insulin during their CABG hospitalization between 1 and 31 October 2022. We divided patients into two groups based on their transition timing: (1) Delayed Transition Group, patients transitioned from IV insulin infusion to SC insulin after POD1; and (2) Early Transition Group, patients transitioned on POD1. The primary outcome was the incidence of euglycemia on POD1. Secondary outcomes included rates of maintaining euglycemia from POD1 until POD10 or hospital discharge, hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, mean glucose levels, rates of hyperglycemia (blood glucose > 180 mg/dL) and hypoglycemia (blood glucose < 70 mg/dL), and rate of restarting IV insulin. Statistical analysis adjusted for BMI and diabetes diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 394 patients were enrolled, with 68 patients (17.3%) in the delayed-transition group and 326 patients (82.7%) in the early-transition group. Majority of the patients were males (74%), with an average age of 67 ± 9 years. Mean HbA1C and creatinine levels were comparable between the two groups. Patients in the early-transition group experienced a shorter ICU and hospital length of stay compared to the delayed-transition group, without a higher risk of restarting IV insulin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early transition from IV insulin drip to SC insulin on POD1 of CABG surgery reduces ICU and hospital LOS without increasing the risk of transitioning back to IV insulin.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal Inflammation Results in Sex-Dependent Cardiac Dysfunction.","authors":"Leeann R Pavlek, Kathryn M Heyob, Nitya R Jacob, Saichidroopi Korada, Zahra Khuhro, Aiman Q Khan, Terri A Shaffer, Sara Conroy, Markus Velten, Lynette K Rogers","doi":"10.3390/jcdd11110346","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jcdd11110346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An increased incidence of adult-onset heart failure is seen in individuals born preterm or affected by fetal growth restriction. An adverse maternal environment is associated with both preterm birth and poor fetal development, and postnatal oxygen therapy is frequently required to sustain oxygenation of vulnerable tissues due to lung immaturity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies using our murine model of maternal inflammation (LPS) and neonatal hyperoxia exposure (O₂) observed pathological changes in cardiac structural proteins and functional analysis with sex dependent differences in pathologies at 10 months of age. Using our previous model, the current investigations tested the hypothesis that early-life perturbations in cardiac structural proteins might predict adult cardiac dysfunction in a sex dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LPS-exposed females had lower αMHC mRNA and protein at P0 and P7 relative to the saline-exposed females, but these changes did not persist. Male mice exposed to LPS/O₂ had normal expression of αMHC mRNA and protein compared to saline/room air controls though P56, when they dramatically increased. Correlative changes were observed in left ventricular function with a more severe phenotype in the males indicating sex-based differences in cardiac adaptation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that early changes in contractile proteins temporally correlate with deficits in cardiac contractility, with a more severe phenotype in males. Our data suggest that similar findings in humans may predict risk for disease in growth-restricted infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":15197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11594672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142728948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}