Journal of Blood Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Association of HPA Genotypes w ith Platelet Apheresis Donation Frequency and Yield Among Chinese Donors: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Weiwei Fang, Fengliang Lu, Xin Li, Meng Wang, Xiying Li","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S637147","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JBM.S637147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human platelet antigens (HPA) are clinically significant in transfusion refractoriness, but whether HPA genotypes are associated with cumulative donation frequency or apheresis yield remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We genotyped 1,242 platelet apheresis donors from Harbin, China for eight HPA systems (HPA-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -15, and -21). Outcomes were cumulative donation count and index yield (0.5/1/2 units). Univariate analyses used Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Multivariable negative binomial and binary logistic regressions adjusted for age, sex, ABO, and ethnicity. Sensitivity analyses excluded first-time donors, stratified by age, and removed the top 5% of donors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HPA-3 and HPA-15 were the most polymorphic (b-allele frequencies: 42.0% and 44.5%). However, neither HPA-3 nor HPA-15 was significantly associated with cumulative donation count in multivariable negative binomial regression (HPA-15 ab vs aa+bb: IRR=1.02, 95% CI: 0.90-1.15, P=0.79; HPA-3 b carrier vs aa: IRR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.85-1.10, P=0.66). Similarly, no significant association was found between HPA-15 b carrier status and apheresis yield (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.76-1.25, P=0.83). These null findings remained consistent across all sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this cohort of northern Chinese Han platelet apheresis donors, HPA genotypes-including the polymorphic HPA-3 and HPA-15 systems-were not significantly associated with donation frequency or apheresis yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"637147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13676877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis A-Associated Very Severe Aplastic Anemia in a Young Adult Female: A Case Report.","authors":"Taher A Alhaddad, Ahmed Alsaffar, Bashair Alnemer, Lojain Alsahman Ii, Reda Aleid, Shahab Ahmed Alsuliman Snr","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S624005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S624005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis‑associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) is a rare but life‑threatening immune‑mediated complication of acute viral hepatitis, and hepatitis A virus is an uncommon cause of this syndrome.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 24‑year‑old woman who developed acute hepatitis A followed by rapidly progressive pancytopenia fulfilling the criteria for very severe aplastic anemia. Her clinical course was complicated by febrile neutropenia, transfusion dependence, gastrointestinal bleeding, and <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> bacteremia. Bone marrow biopsy demonstrated marked hypocellularity with severe trilineage suppression. Despite intensive supportive care including broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy and transfusion support, her clinical condition deteriorated, and she died from infectious and hemorrhagic complications before definitive therapy could be initiated. This case emphasizes the importance of early recognition of cytopenias during the acute phase of hepatitis and prompt hematology referral for definitive management.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aplastic anemia following acute hepatitis A infection is rare but potentially fatal. Early recognition of cytopenias during or following acute hepatitis, prompt bone marrow evaluation, and urgent hematology referral is essential for timely definitive treatment and improved outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"624005"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Outcomes of Generic and Branded Dasatinib in Chronic-Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Single-Center Within-Patient Analysis.","authors":"Anas Babiker, Elrazi A Ali, Alaa Rahhal, Rola Ghasoub, Amir Mohamed Nounou, Anas Hamad, Mohamed A Yassin","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S625380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S625380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have transformed chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) from a fatal malignancy into a manageable chronic condition. Second-generation TKIs, including dasatinib, achieve faster, deeper molecular responses and overcome imatinib resistance or intolerance. However, high acquisition costs limit access, particularly in resource-constrained settings. The FDA approval of generic dasatinib in September 2024 represents a landmark step towards affordability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, single-center, within-patient paired cohort study, paired before-after design was conducted at the National Center for Cancer Care and Research in Qatar. A 58 adults patients with confirmed chronic-phase CML (CP-CML) who transitioned from branded Sprycel^®(dasatinib) to Daleubin^® (dasatinib) between January 2024 and December 2025 were included. Primary outcomes were hematologic and major molecular response rates. Secondary outcomes included adverse events, adherence, dose modifications, and toxicity-related hospitalizations. Paired t-tests and McNemar's exact test were applied. .</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight patients were included (mean follow-up 6 months). Complete hematologic response was achieved (maintained) in all patients (100%); major molecular response in 56 (96.6%). No grade 3-4 adverse events occurred. Overall adverse-event rates were comparable between formulations (15.5% vs 13.8%; P = 1.000). During the follow-up period, toxicity-related hospitalizations were numerically lower with generic dasatinib but not statistically significant (1.7% vs 10.3%; P = 0.063). A statistically significant but clinically modest platelet count increase was observed post-switch (211.5 ± 64.9 vs 233.8 ± 95.4×10⁹/L; P = 0.046). .</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the primary limitation of a small sample size and short follow up period, generic dasatinib formulation, demonstrated short-term safety and efficacy comparable to those of the branded formulation. High response rates, favorable tolerability, and fewer hospitalizations were observed, supporting its potential as a more cost-accessible treatment option. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously, and larger, multicenter prospective studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm comparative effectiveness, safety, and long-term clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"625380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Literature Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Treatments in Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.","authors":"Harneet Kaur, Ankit Gupta, Annie Berkley, Inderpreet Singh Khurana","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S599979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S599979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) is a rare, life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy arising from an inherited deficiency in ADAMTS13 enzyme activity. A systematic literature review was conducted to review and evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of current and emerging treatments for cTTP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature searches were completed in January 2024. Searches were performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to identify studies reporting treatments in patients with cTTP published at any time since database inception. Outcomes of interest included the rates of acute and subacute cTTP events, other disease manifestations, long-term comorbidities, organ damage, mortality, and treatment-related adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 3281 records identified, 40 publications reporting results from 20 studies were included. Overall, 16 investigated plasma-based therapies (PBT) alone, and 2 assessed recombinant ADAMTS13 (rADAMTS13) exclusively. The remaining 2 studies compared treatment approaches: PBT versus rADAMTS13, or PBT versus PBT combined with other treatments. Across studies, the mean annual rate of acute cTTP events ranged from 0.05 to 0.55 in adult patients treated with prophylactic PBT and was reported as 0 in patients treated with prophylactic rADAMTS13. All-cause mortality was reported in 5.4% to 10% of patients with cTTP across heterogeneous study populations and follow-up periods. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were reported in 11.1% to 78% of patients who received prophylactic PBT, reflecting variability in adverse event definitions and reporting, and small sample sizes across studies, which limits direct comparisons between interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The available evidence highlights the persistent disease burden of cTTP, with patients experiencing acute events and organ damage despite prophylactic PBT. Further studies are needed to establish the real-world effectiveness of all cTTP treatments, including emerging therapies such as rADAMTS13, that may have the potential to reduce event rates, decrease treatment-related toxicity, and improve long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"599979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13637512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Asciminib into the Evolving Treatment Landscape of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Canadian Perspective.","authors":"Dennis Dong Hwan Kim, Lambert Busque, Christopher Hillis, Pierre Laneuville, Mary Lynn Savoie","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S627651","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JBM.S627651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Five years after the first readout of the ASCEMBL trial, asciminib evidence has rapidly expanded across the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment landscape. Subsequent studies and growing real-world experience have also clarified its efficacy and tolerability in earlier treatment lines. As the first allosteric inhibitor targeting the BCR::ABL1 myristoyl pocket, asciminib provides a mechanistically distinct approach that may reduce cross-resistance and toxicity associated with ATP-competitive TKIs. At a time when treatment goals in CML emphasize long-term tolerability, quality of life, and the potential for treatment-free remission (TFR), asciminib's unique molecular and clinical profile justify its inclusion in CML treatment considerations. In this expert opinion review, we synthesize emerging clinical and real-world evidence for asciminib and discuss practical considerations for its integration into contemporary CML management, including its potential im-plications for TFR eligibility. We also explore the role of next-generation sequencing in detecting salvageable resistance mutations, the prognostic significance of co-mutations such as ASXL1, and the concept of mutation-guided treatment sequencing. Collectively, these data position asciminib as an established later-line therapy and an emerging frontline option, with the potential to improve long-term treatment sustainability through favorable tolerability and early molecular response kinetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"627651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Contamination in Stored Blood for Transfusion and Associated Infectious Risks Among Patients with Cancer at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, in Uganda.","authors":"Ivan Mugisha Taremwa, Scholastic Ashaba, Deusdedit Tusubira, Aggrey Dhabangi, Robert Bortolussi, Noni MacDonald, Lisa M Bebell, Nixon Niyonzima, Bernard Natukunda","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S638289","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JBM.S638289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with cancer often require supportive transfusion therapy. However, this approach is undermined by the risk of bacterial contamination. This study assessed the bacterial contamination rate, identified the bacterial contaminants and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns; and the associated infectious risk to patients with cancer at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, in southwestern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study used a pre-transfusion aliquot of donor blood or components for blood culture. Positive cultures were identified and their antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the bioMerieux VITEK 2 compact system. Recipients were assessed for bacterial infection at 48 hours post-transfusion. Data were analyzed using R software and presented as proportions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We evaluated 376 blood units, with 275 (73.1%) of these being red cell concentrates (RCC). The median storage times for RCC and whole blood (WB) were 23 days (IQR, 18-29 days) and 3 days (IQR, 1-5 days) for platelets (PLT), respectively. Four units (3RCC, 1PLT) had bacterial growth, yielding a contamination rate of 1.1% (95% confidence interval, 0.4-1.8%). <i>Staphylococcus hominis</i> and <i>Bacillus subtlis</i> were isolated from RCC, while <i>Staphylococcus capitis</i> was isolated from PLT. The isolates exhibited variable resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, tetracycline, nitrofurantoin, rifampicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. There were 211 recipients whose mean age was 34.1 years (standard deviation: 2.84 years). Of these, 62 (29.4%) had received ≥3 donor units, and 146 had been on antibiotics. None of the investigated recipients had a positive bacterial blood culture.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found a low bacterial contamination rate of stored blood components underscoring the importance of stringent blood collection precautionary measures. The four bacterial isolates were resistant to common antibiotics, which poses a risk of transmission of antibiotic-resistant strains to immunocompromised recipients with cancer. Notably, there was no infectious risk posed post-transfusion presumably due to the concurrent antibiotic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"638289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13571675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Interaction Between PEAR1-FGB and the Dominant Role of ABCB1 in Thrombosis Risk: A SHAP and MDR-Based Study in Vietnamese Pedigrees.","authors":"Hai Bui Hoang, Trang Thi Nguyen, Anh Ngoc Thi Le, Dan Hoang Le, Huy Quang Do, Sang Thanh Nguyen, Ha Thu Thi To, Thuy Thu Thi Nguyen, Hanh Minh Thi Nguyen","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S609149","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JBM.S609149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thrombosis is a multifactorial disorder with a substantial genetic component, yet gene-gene interactions contributing to thrombotic risk remain insufficiently characterized in Southeast Asian populations. Identifying both individual genetic determinants and interaction effects may improve risk stratification, particularly in families with early-onset thrombotic disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore individual and interactive genetic contributions to thrombotic events in Vietnamese pedigrees with early-onset venous thromboembolism (VTE) using an integrated analytical framework combining Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pedigree-based study was conducted among 88 individuals from families with a history of early-onset VTE (<50 years), including 19 affected cases. Genetic variants were identified using next-generation sequencing. Random Forest modeling with SHAP was used to quantify global and local feature contributions, while MDR was applied to detect potential non-linear gene-gene interactions beyond single-locus effects. The Random Forest model was not explicitly adjusted for familial clustering or relatedness; results were therefore interpreted as exploratory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SHAP analysis identified rs1045642 (ABCB1) as the strongest contributor to model-predicted baseline thrombotic risk. MDR analysis suggested that this background susceptibility may be further modified by a two-locus interaction between rs12041331 (PEAR1) and rs1800790 (FGB). Individuals classified within the high-risk MDR genotype combination showed increased odds of thrombosis (OR = 8.00, 95% CI: 1.67-74.96; p = 0.0028), compared with the corresponding single-locus model (OR = 3.73, 95% CI: 0.93-21.48; p = 0.0405). Confidence intervals were wide, reflecting limited precision.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this exploratory pedigree-based study, rs1045642 (ABCB1) was associated with baseline thrombotic susceptibility, while a potential interaction between PEAR1 and FGB may further modulate risk in specific genotype combinations. The integration of MDR and SHAP provides an interpretable framework for investigating complex genetic architectures. However, given the small sample size and limited number of events, these findings should be considered hypothesis-generating and require validation in larger independent cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"609149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Hematological Correlates in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease at a Ugandan Clinic.","authors":"Geofrey Salamu, Elizabeth A John, Robert Wagubi, Enoch Muwanguzi, Charles Nkubi Bagenda, Benson Okongo","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S621903","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JBM.S621903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD), evaluate its correlation with key hematological parameters, and identify associated factors among patients attending the Sickle Cell Clinic at Mengo Hospital (Kampala, Uganda).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 213 patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) at Mengo Hospital, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured. Levels were classified as deficient (<20 ng/mL) or sufficient (≥20 ng/mL). Hematological indices, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), and red cell distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) were assessed using an automated analyzer, and Spearman correlation was used to assess correlations with vitamin D levels. Multivariable Poisson regression identified variables associated with vitamin D deficiency (VDD), reporting outcomes as adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age was 10 years (IQR 5-13); 50.7% were male. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was 47.4% (95% CI 40.8-54.2%). Weak but significant positive correlations were observed between serum vitamin D levels and RBC count (<i>ρ</i> = 0.170, p = 0.013) and Hb concentration (<i>ρ</i> = 0.157, p = 0.022), while a negative correlation was noted with RDW-CV (<i>ρ</i> = -0.162, p = 0.018). Adolescents and adults had a higher prevalence of VDD compared to younger children (12-17 years; aPR 1.96, p = 0.002) and (≥ 18 years; aPR 3.20, p < 0.001) respectively. Additionally, folic acid and hydroxyurea were associated with a lower risk of VDD (aPR 0.69, p = 0.028).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nearly half of the patients with sickle cell disease had vitamin D deficiency. Older age increased the risk. VDD is weakly but significantly associated with lower Hb/RBC and higher RDW, suggesting a possible contributory role in the hematologic profile of Ugandan SCD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"621903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Gray Scattergram in Detecting Blasts Compared with Microscopic Peripheral Smear in Acute Leukemia Patients.","authors":"Novi Rostikasari, Leni Lismayanti, Adhi Kristianto Sugianli, Tiene Rostini","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S589556","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JBM.S589556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Early and accurate diagnosis of acute leukemia is essential for timely treatment and improved patient outcomes. Gray scattergram patterns generated by hematology analyzers may indicate the presence of blasts and serve as an early screening tool. This study evaluated the correlation and agreement between gray scattergram findings and microscopic detection of blasts on peripheral blood smears in newly diagnosed acute leukemia patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study used secondary data from inpatients with acute leukemia treated at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital between April 2024 and March 2025. Diagnoses were identified using ICD-10 codes for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. Eligible patients had complete hematological data at diagnosis, including complete blood count and peripheral blood smear results. Collected variables included demographic characteristics, hematological parameters, peripheral blood blast percentage, analyzer-generated flags, and scattergram findings. Leukocyte differential counts and blast percentages were validated by manual microscopic examination. Scattergram findings were classified as gray or non-gray, with gray defined by the presence of ≥35.5% blasts. Agreement between gray scattergram findings and microscopic blast detection was analyzed using Cohen's kappa statistic. However, the moderate level of agreement indicates that gray scattergram findings should be interpreted cautiously and require confirmation by microscopic examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 106 patients were included. Gray scattergram findings were observed in 66 patients, of whom 52 (83.9%) had ≥35.5% blasts on microscopic examination. Among non-gray scattergram cases, 10 patients (16.1%) also showed blast counts ≥35.5%. Agreement between gray scattergram findings and microscopic blast identification was moderate (κ=0.527, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gray scattergrams may provide early indications of blast presence and serve as a supportive screening tool in suspected acute leukemia. However, confirmation by peripheral blood smear or bone marrow examination remains necessary in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"589556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge on the Haemophilia Care Among Healthcare Providers in Tanzania: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Stella Samson Rwezaula, Samson D Mtoba, Johnny Mahlangu, Amos Rodger Mwakigonja, Bolanle Iranloye, Oluyemi Akinloye","doi":"10.2147/JBM.S630879","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JBM.S630879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Haemophilia is a rare inherited bleeding disorder associated with recurrent bleeding, disability, and mortality when diagnosis and management are delayed. In low- and middle-income countries, limited diagnostic capacity, access to treatment and gaps in Healthcare Providers' (HCPs') knowledge are major contributors to morbidity and mortality. In Tanzania, the recent improvement in haemophilia services highlights the need for systematic evaluation of HCPs' knowledge and clinical practices.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study assessed the knowledge of haemophilia care among healthcare providers in Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among HCPs in tertiary and regional hospitals in Tanzania. A structured self-administered questionnaire assessed knowledge on haemophilia, including the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics version 27.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 799 HCPs assessed (50.9%) aged 20-29 and (59.2%) males. Nurses were the majority (31.8%), and 75.2% had ≤5 years' experience. Overall haemophilia knowledge was high (median 83.3%, IQR: 75.9-88.9), strongest performance in general knowledge and weakest in treatment (68.2%, IQR: 54.5-77.3). Most respondents identified haemophilia as inherited (95.6%), non-infectious (93.7%), and recognized prolonged bleeding after injury or circumcision as key-symptoms (>90%). Knowledge varied by cadre, department, and experience (p<0.05); physicians and specialists scored higher than nurses, while health attendants scored lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Healthcare providers demonstrated fairly adequate general knowledge of haemophilia. However, gaps remain in understanding genetic inheritance, acquired haemophilia, and modern treatment strategies, with knowledge variation by cadre, department, and experience, highlighting the need for targeted education across all HCPs groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":15166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Blood Medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"630879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13540582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}