Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Novel Carbidopa Functionalised Silver Nanoparticles a Selective Detection for Lead and Levodopa","authors":"Pooja R. Popat, Kinjal Nayee, Madhya Patel, Ankit P. Patel, Ruchita J. Patel, Viral A. Patel, B. Makwana","doi":"10.4028/p-5hlj88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-5hlj88","url":null,"abstract":"Novel approaches to engineer nanoparticles with desired chemical characteristics open new opportunities to utilize such materials for assorted applications. In this context, various methods have been developed to prepare metal nanoparticles. In the present work, we report a single-step synthesis method to prepare silver nanoparticles by using Carbidopa which is useful in treating Parkinson's disease to increase the dopamine level of the brain. Here we used the Carbidopa drug as a capping agent. Nanoparticles were characterized by Uv-Visible spectroscopy, Particle size Analyzer (PSA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Powder X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Then amino acid detection study was performed with all 24 amino acids, which provides the successful data for sensing the amino acid L-dopa. These prepared nanoparticles were further applied for metal analyte studies which reveal that lead can be sensed successfully by using these nanoparticles. Nanoparticle also shows radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48161589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the Surface Properties of Zirconium Implants with Germanium Coating","authors":"Dhuha Hussain Mohammed, R. K. Jassim","doi":"10.4028/p-cq67ab","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-cq67ab","url":null,"abstract":"Background: zirconium (Zr) implants are known for having an aesthetically pleasing tooth-like colour Unlike the grey cervical collar that develops over time when titanium (Ti) implants are used in thin gingival biotypes. However, the surface qualities of Zr implants can be further improved. This present study examined using thermal vapour deposition (TVD) to coat Zr implants with germanium (Ge) to improve its physical and chemical characteristics and enhance soft and hard tissue responses. Materials and methods: Zr discs were divided into two groups; the uncoated (control) group was only grit-blasted with alumina particles while the coated (experimental) group was grit-blasted then coated with Ge via TVD. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), water contact angle test, and cross-hatch adhesion tests were then used for surface characterization Results: An XRD analysis of the Ge-coated Zr samples revealed the substrate while the FESEM results revealed a continuous coating with no cracks. The mean surface roughness and hydrophilicity of the Ge-coated Zr substrate was significantly higher than that of the uncoated Zr substrate (P≤0.01). The cross-hatch adhesion of all the samples was 0%, thereby indicating good coating adhesion. Conclusion: Therefore Coating Zr implants with Ge via TVD enhances its physical and chemical properties.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48208167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evaluation of Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) in Smartphone to Test X-Ray Tube Radiation Leakage","authors":"Tengku Mohammad Yoshandi, Abdul Zaky, Adit Patrian","doi":"10.4028/p-s968xu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-s968xu","url":null,"abstract":"Radiation detection method has been developed through years. It started from the complex module tools to simple handheld instrument. Recently, the more ease method has been developed with the help of smartphone application. To detect radiation using smartphone usually required the external tools connected to the phone as detector, but there is one application that did not. This application only required complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) part of camera. The application is a game changer in radiation protection because nowadays smartphone is in everyone’s pocket. The application needs to be tested to ensure its effectiveness to detect radiation. The application has been tested by the previous research and it is effective to detect radiation. In this research, CMOS will be tested to detect radiation leakage of x-ray tube. The aim of this research is to find the effectiveness of CMOS in smartphone for radiation leakage detection of x-ray tube. The finding will help the radiation worker detect leakage radiation of x-ray tube using smartphone in case of the absences of surveymeter in the facility. The radiation from x-ray machine were detected and measured three times by Iphone 6s, Xs, and 11 using RadioactivityCounter. To ensure there was a leakage, surveymeter is used as a comparative modul. The data obtained from the experiment was analyzed using t-test. The result show that percentage error of Iphone 6s, Xs, and 11 Consecutively were 93.4%, 98.2%, and 98.9%. which mean CMOS in these said phone could detect and measured radiation ineffectively. This due to the low leaked intensity x-ray that came from x-ray machine. From the T-test anaysis found that only Iphone 11 had linear comparison to surveymeter","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48524642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Malalignment Varus - Valgus in Total Knee Arthroplasty Designed for Deep Knee Flexion Using Knee Kinematic Motion Simulator","authors":"J. Triwardono, F. Rokhmanto, R. Roberto, Ika Kartika, A. S. Saragih, Y. Whulanza, S. Shuib, S. Supriadi","doi":"10.4028/p-l6p55i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-l6p55i","url":null,"abstract":"Revision total knee arthroplasties cause performed aseptic loosening, instability, and polyethylene wear. Separation or removal of the femoral component has been observed and this has the potential to severely damage the polyethylene component. In most cases 90% of the patients examined experienced significant medial or lateral condylar lift at some stage during the gait cycle. Using the MRI, a normal knee has maximum lateral lift is approx. 6.7 mm and maximum medial lift is approx. 2.1 mm, when a varus strees applied at a 90° knee flexion. Elevation of the lateral condyle due to valgus malalignment will distribute more contact force on the medial condyle. In this study, a polyethylene component of a posterior-stabilized right knee joint implant was developed to facilitate a high range of motion (ROM). Malalignment valgus was observed with the axes of knee motion joint implants were varied from 0°, 2°, 3° to 5 and knee bend measurements at 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150° of knee flexion. Using the knee kinematic motion simulator, the modified polyethylene component resulted in 0° malalignment there is no gap of the femoral component with the polyethylene component, from 30° to 150° of knee flexion. At 2° malalignment, the femoral component was raised by 0.5 mm at a 90° to 150° knee flexion and increased with increasing knee flexion. Maximum gap occurs at 5° malalignment in the amount of 5 mm at 150° of knee flexion. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluation malalignment valgus of the flexed knee using knee kinematic motion simulator, with reference to the tibiofemoral flexion gap. The result that the modified design is expected in an narrow down gap between femoral and polyethylene component used knee kinematic motion simulator, this accommodate deep knee flexion movement in daily activities and reduce the possibility of subluxation and dislocation at the polyethylene component during deep knee flexion. A wide gap between the femoral component and the polyethylene component and a significant amount of contact force in the medial condyle region might be the explanation for polyethylene component damage. It is expected that potential medial or lateral condylar lift at some stage during the gait cycle can be reduced.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48441668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic and Natural Polymeric Drug Delivery Systems - A Comprehensive Overview of Polycaprolactone and Glucan Particles","authors":"N. Bernardi, Sandra Jesus, O. Borges","doi":"10.4028/p-ns8294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ns8294","url":null,"abstract":"The small size and large surface area of nano and microparticles are interesting properties for drug delivery, hypothetically capable of overcoming some limitations of conventional therapeutic medicine and diagnostic agents. Although their features are highly influenced by the polymer characteristics, these particles are known for encapsulating high amounts of drugs, improving their stability and bioavailability and enabling different administration routes. Among synthetic polymers, polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles are widely studied in drug delivery due to the polymer excellent biocompatibility and degradability and for its ability to blend with other polymers. On its turn, among natural polymers, glucan has been emerging as a promising candidate for drug delivery particularly due to structure forming abilities and its immunomodulatory effects. Under the safe-by-design approach for the development of polymeric particles, this review encloses a comprehensive summary of production methods, physicochemical characteristics and immunotoxicity profiles of PCL and glucan particles developed for drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46696565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Reaction Temperature on the Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Psidium guajava Leaf Extract","authors":"Lloyd Allan T. Cabañog, R. M. T. Cumba, Melania M. Enot, R. Capangpangan, A. Alguno","doi":"10.4028/p-d7enun","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-d7enun","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles have been well known to possess efficient antibacterial properties. Many studies conducted on silver nanoparticles synthesized in different routes, from physical methods to chemical techniques to biological synthesis. In this study, the biological route was utilized using Psidium guajava leaves extract mixed with silver nitrate to synthesize silver nanoparticles. In addition, syntheses were done at varying temperatures to investigate its effect over antibacterial properties of the silver nanoparticles obtained. Results showed blueshifting of UV-Vis peaks suggesting decrease in particle size as synthesis temperature increases. FTIR also showed that the synthesized nanoparticles may have been capped by phenolic compounds from the biomolecules in guava leaves. Finally, antibacterial tests via Disc Diffusion Test suggested that the silver nanoparticles biologically synthesized at higher temperatures are more effective bactericides than those synthesized at lower temperatures as indicated by the measured zones of inhibition.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49134589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of Biomechanical Behavior of Single Implant-Supported Restorations Based on Angled Abutments with Different Gingival Heights","authors":"Jin Yang Zhang, Xiao Zhang, J. Chen, Xianshuai Chen","doi":"10.4028/p-p4ibv3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-p4ibv3","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of angle abutment on the stress distribution of bone tissue around implant is not clear. Using abutments with different gingival height (GH) may cause changes in the stress distribution of the implant and implant-bone interface. This study aims to investigate whether angled abutments with varied GH have a significant effect on stress distribution of surrounding bone and the biomechanical behavior of the implant system. Three implant-supported restoration models were designed by changing the angled abutment GH (1 mm, 3 mm and 5 mm). Force of 200N was applied on the crown surface at 45° to the long axis of the implants. The biomechanical performance of the restorations (including implants and angled abutments) and stress distribution pattern were evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA). Results showed that angled abutments with larger GH resulted in increased stresses on the implant and implant-bone interface.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48214840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution to the Microstructural Study of a Composite Material Based on Carbon Fibers for Use in Orthopedic Prostheses","authors":"Y. Menail, L. Alimi, Sofiane Boudiaf, N. Metrane","doi":"10.4028/p-f5ma5j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-f5ma5j","url":null,"abstract":"The use of a carbon fiber composite material to make external prostheses in the form of a femoral socket was the subject of this laboratory study. According to the prior bibliographical studies, this material adapts well to this type of prosthesis. The objective of this research is to study its microscopic structure, in order to verify the good wetting of the fibers by the resin, the good cohesion and molding by infusion. The morphological study of the facies of the parallelepiped-shaped specimens was carried out after cuts perpendicular to the axis of the fiber strands, parallel according to the width and thickness of the specimen. This study was carried out using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), in order to determine, thanks to the typical microstructure of the composite, the various degradations, which appear as a result of the effect of static tension. The laminate used is based on three layers of carbon taffeta fabric and an orthocrylic resin. Tensile tests have been carried out at a speed of 1mm/min with a Zwick/Roell machine with a load cell of 50 kN. This speed was chosen to allow a comparative study with glass fiber specimens, which have been used previously for the production of prostheses, before those made of carbon. The microscopic study allowed to identify the four types of degradation; Matrix fracture, which manifested itself as fault lines, in preferred directions of different sizes. This contributed to interlaminar delamination. The decohesion that contributes to delamination in a different way from that of matrix breakage is visible at different levels. Interlaminar delamination results from the combined effect of matrix breakdown and decohesion and manifests itself as uneven strata. Fiber breakage was manifested by shearing. This study allowed to observing a degradation of the material imposed by static traction. As for the material used in orthopaedics, it has retained good cohesion and meets the requirements of prostheses, despite the defects detected by the microscopic study.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49208819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Finishing of Barkcloth for Antimicrobial Properties Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles","authors":"Samm Okinyi Youma, Samson Rwahwire, Yvonne Tusiimire","doi":"10.4028/p-p0075p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-p0075p","url":null,"abstract":"Barkcloth a naturally occurring cellulosic non-woven fabric has recently obtained attention within the scientific community for end use applications in various industries for instance automobile, household furnishing and construction owing to its robust mechanical, thermal and sound absorption properties. In this work, barkcloth was treated with different concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles which were deposited with the pad-dry-cure procedure. The Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were chosen for the evaluation of the anti-microbial efficacy of Zinc oxide Nanoparticles (ZNPs). The coated barkcloth samples with ZNPs concentration 0.6 g/L optimally performed against the two most common resistant bacteria i.e. the gram +ve and gram –ve bacteria, with the gram negative E-coli bacteria demonstrating a high susceptibility to the ZNPs than gram positive S-aureus.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44698458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Deep Learning and Grab Cut for Automatic Segmentation of White Blood Cell Images","authors":"K. Oyebode","doi":"10.4028/p-oj4d78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-oj4d78","url":null,"abstract":"White blood cell image segmentation provides the opportunity for medical experts to objectively diagnose the medical conditions of patients suffering from Leukemia, for example. Due to the rigorous nature of cell image acquisition (staining process and non-uniform illumination) efficient tools must be deployed to achieve the desired segmentation result. In this paper, a deep learning model is proposed together with a grab cut. The developed deep learning model provides an initial coarse segmentation of white blood cell images. However, the objective of this segmentation is to localize or identify regions of interest from white blood cell images. A bounding is generated from the localized cell image and then used to initiate an automatic cell image segmentation using grab cut. Results of the two publicly available datasets of white blood cell images are considered satisfactory on the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44970250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}