Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research最新文献

{"title":"Cryptosporidiosis: History, Etiology, Biology, Pathogenesis and Pathoanatomy - A Review","authors":"Petya V. Dragomirova","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2022-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Cryptosporidiosis is a protozoan disease, usually asymptomatic. However, in some cases, the infection can progress to gastroenteritis and, more rarely, to colitis. Intensive studies on the biology of Cryptosporidium started in the 20th century after the outbreak of a major waterborne epidemic. The interest in this parasitosis increased after the WHO identified it as an opportunistic parasitosis - an indicator of AIDS. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to provide a scientific overview of this parasitosis, analyzing the state and development of modern research in a global and national aspect.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"22 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78615676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Analysis of Treatment of Covid-19 with Favipiravir","authors":"S. Kulzhanova, M. Konkayeva, Z. Smagulova, Nazira N. Beisenbieva, G. Tuleshova, A. Utegenova, G. O. Turebaeva, Gaukhar A. Nurakhmetova","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Summary One of the potential therapeutic agents for treating COVID-19 is favipiravir (FPV). This retrospective study compared the treatment of COVID-19 with (FVP group) or without (control group) favipiravir. Demographic characteristics and initial clinical indicators in the two groups were comparable. The level of oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and prevalence of chest pain in the FVP group returned to normal significantly earlier (on the seventh day) compared to the control group (p<0.05). Improvement of patients’ condition in the FVP group occurred significantly earlier than in the control group (p <0.001). In conclusion, FVP treatment’s efficacy was higher than the control management strategy and established an individualized set of therapeutic agents. However, more detailed studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of COVID-19 treatment with favipiravir fully.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"74 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87821850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating Chronic Pain Syndrome After Vaginal Surgery with a Pudendal Nerve Block","authors":"I. Malkodanski, I. Mihaylov","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Chronic pain syndrome is a severe condition that has been recently recognized, and many methods for treating it have been developed. We present a case of using a pudendal nerve block for treating chronic pain after Bartholin cyst removal. A 46-year-old female presented with chronic pain syndrome, lasting eight months following Bartholin cyst removal. Treatment with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids was unsuccessful, and pudendal nerve block was performed with dexamethasone and ropivacaine. The follow-up continued for a year, and no pain was reported. In cases of pudendal neuralgia, a peripheral pudendal nerve block is effective. Chronic pain syndrome is a complex problem, and a multidisciplinary approach is often required. This case represents the efficacy of pudendal nerve block in chronic pain syndrome after Bartholin cyst removal.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"79 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75226462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryological Aspects and Anatomical Variations of the Inferior Vena Cava – Its Importance in Gynecologic Oncology Surgery","authors":"S. Kostov, N. Hinkova, Svetla Dineva, A. Yordanov","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Surgical procedures of the retroperitoneum are often performed in gynecologic oncology surgery clinics. The most complex among them is paraaortic lymphadenectomy. It is generally performed in cases of bulky lymph nodes in ovarian carcinomas and sarcomas to achieve optimal cytoreduction. In the early stages of ovarian cancer, type II non-endometrioid endometrial cancer, and in advanced stages of cervical cancer, paraaortic lymphadenectomy is an integral part of staging. Moreover, the retroperitoneum is approached in cases of retroperitoneal gynecologic sarcomas. The largest vessels of the human body – the inferior vena cava and the abdominal aorta are localized in the retroperitoneum. Therefore, iatrogenic vessel injury during oncogynecological surgery is more likely to affect the inferior vena cava. Anatomical variations of the vein additionally increase the risk of vascular lesions. Therefore, surgeons should be aware of possible anatomical variations. The present article aimed to highlight the heterogeneity of anatomical variations of the inferior vena cava related to gynecologic oncology surgery. Embryogenesis of the vein and its variations are also discussed. Additionally, some anomalies of the ureter, associated with the embryogenesis of the inferior vena cava, are mentioned.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"64 1","pages":"30 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79959275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravesical Therapy of Superficial Urothelial Bladder Cancer with BCG and Epirubicin 50 Mg - Comparative Analysis","authors":"Nikolay I. Nikolov, V. Dunev, A. A. Anatoliev, N. Kolev, Martin B. Stoykov, Boyan S. Atanasov","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2022-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease in molecular, histological and clinical aspects. Treatment should also be considered from different angles - surgery, intravesical chemo- or immunotherapy, radiation therapy and lifestyle changes. Intravesical treatment of superficial bladder cancer with Еpirubicin or Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a continuation of surgical treatment to reduce or eliminate further recurrence.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"70 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75409291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Three Plasma Proteins in the Diagnosis of Ovarian Tumors","authors":"Valeria Z. Racheva, A. Ruseva, S. Mateva, I. Malkodanski","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2022-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Ovarian cancer is not common, but it is still the fifth leading cause of death from malignant diseases among women worldwide. More than 200,000 women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year globally. Due to its asymptomatic course, most patients are diagnosed at a late stage. Therefore, ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality among gynecological malignancies. Unfortunately, there is no adequate screening program for the early detection of ovarian cancer, and as a result, this diagnosis escapes clinicians. The protocol for early diagnosis of OC is currently a combination of elevated cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) and transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS). However, it does not meet the necessary cost-effectiveness criteria and is therefore not recommended by any working group to screen ovarian cancer in the general population. The biomarkers with the highest informative value should be selected individually or combined in multi-biomarker panels from the many biomarkers strongly associated with OC. Numerous such panels of biomarkers and algorithms have been developed for the early diagnosis and differentiation of OC from other benign ovarian diseases. These panels or biomarkers need to be sufficiently reliable and show measurable changes in non-invasive samples obtained from patients with early-stage OC. Their reliability would significantly reduce mortality from this aggressive disease and improve the patient’s prognosis.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"473 1","pages":"41 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82720823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Fifty Cases with En-Bloc Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate","authors":"Georgi S. Georgiev, N. Kolev, V. Dunev, Boyan S. Atanasov","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Summary In the last decade, the Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP) has become the new gold standard for surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This treatment has several modifications, and the latest one is en bloc (single piece) enucleation. This new method reduces the operative time and risk of early incontinence. The long-term effect is much better than transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). We applied an effective method for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia with maximum safety, minimal hospital stays, short operative time, and minimal complications. We operated on 50 patients with BPH with a prostate volume between 30-120 cc. Transrectal ultrasound, uroflowmetry, PSA test, IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score), residual urine, digital rectal examination, and laboratory blood and urine tests were performed preoperatively. We used Holmium laser (Auriga XL) 50 W, 600 μm fiber and morcellator (Richard Wolf PIRANHA). During the procedure, the laser’s operating power was 36 W. En bloc Holmium enucleation was performed in all patients, followed by morcellation of the prostatic tissue. The time for enucleation was 11-52 min, morcellation time - 1-10 min, the weight of the enucleated tissue - 15-100 g, enucleation efficiency - 0.67-3.03 g/min, postoperative catheterization time - 24-72h, and hospital stay was 1 to 3 days. One blood transfusion was required. There were no patients with postoperative incontinence or other complications. We conclude that еn bloc Holmium enucleation in BPH is an effective method of treatment that offers maximum performance combined with short operative time, shorter hospital stays, and minimal risk of complications. The learning curve requires at least twenty cases. The recommended prostate gland size for the initial trial should be between 50-60 cc. Starting with small-sized glands increases the risk of capsule perforation, and the enucleation plane is more difficult to find.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"65 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79842412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demodicosis Cutis and Metabolic Disturbances","authors":"E. Hristozov, K. Peeva, Valeri N. Malev, I. Yordanova, G. Mateev","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Cutaneous demodicosis (CD) is a pilosebaceous unit disease, overlapping clinically with other facial dermatoses, mainly rosacea, and acne. It is usually improved by acaricidal monotherapy. This study investigates the association of CD with metabolic disturbances. It was conducted with 141 patients with primary and secondary CD. The study investigated the correlation between CD and dyslipidemia based on disturbances in total cholesterol (TC) and Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL) and between CD and impaired glucose tolerance, diagnosed with elevated fasting blood sugar levels, 120 minutes blood sugar levels in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the mathematically calculated Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index. The study results were verified with control groups. It was established that patients with CD do not show statistically significant deviations in serum lipoproteins compared with the control group. However, the patients with CD tended to have impaired glucose tolerance, demonstrated with elevated fasting glucose levels and elevated HOMA-IR, compared to the control group. Interestingly enough, the tendency towards prediabetes and diabetes was not confirmed by the 120 minutes blood glucose levels of the OGTT. The presented data confirm the need for testing impaired glucose tolerance in every patient with cutaneous demodicosis. Based on the presented evidence, it is recommended to perform the screening by evaluating fasting glucose levels and fasting insulin levels, followed by calculating the HOMA-IR index.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"47 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72940318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Clinical Cases of Secondary Neoplasia After Remission of Hodgkin’s Disease","authors":"V. S. Popova","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2022-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2022-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Hodgkin’s disease is one of the most common lymphomas in young people. In such cases, long-lasting hematological remissions are achievable using therapeutic regimens, including combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This publication aims to present clinical cases from our practice in patients with Hodgkin’s disease in whom the occurrence of second neoplasia is probably causally related to the treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. We present two clinical cases of women with established secondary neoplasia (breast carcinoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma) 20 years after treatment for Hodgkin’s disease had been completed. The probability of developing another neoplastic disease, leading to increased mortality in these patients, requires updating the recommendations for secondary prevention in oncology.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"41 7","pages":"83 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72620183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Profile Abnormalities and Their Association with Covid-19 Severity among Patients Admitted at Covid-19 Center in Ethiopia","authors":"Y. G. Tsegay, M. Bitew, Assegdew Atlaw, Mintsnot Aragaw, Shambel Araya, Mesay Gemechu, Nega Brhane, Tigist Workneh","doi":"10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)137","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Current studies have presented and analyzed epidemiological, clinical and clinical laboratory features COVID-19 Patients. Studies suggests that patients with severe COVID-19 shows unregulated lipid metabolism and profile but adequate information is not available concerning the association of lipid parameter features with severity of disease its outcome in Ethiopia. Objective: This study aims to determine the magnitude of lipid profile abnormalities and association of COVID-19 outcome among admitted patients at Millennium COVID-19 care center in Ethiopia. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted among COVID-19 admitted patients to investigate lipid profile parameters from January 2021- June 2021. A total of 500 patients confirmed with COVID-19 infection by RT-PCR were included. Dynamic alteration in lipid profiles were recorded and tracked. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. P value <0.05 was considered significantly associated. Result: The median age of the 500 study participants was 55.58+7.707 years, and from these 71.3% of patients were males. This study found that high-density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and Total Cholesterol levels were significantly higher in the severe and Critical disease category. The total cholesterol results showed that significantly higher 25 (5.38%) in severe infection cases than that, (17 (3.4%), 12(2.4%) and 5 (1%) in moderate, mild and critical cases consecutively (P<0.000). Whereas, patients with severe infection had slightly lower of HDL than Mild and moderate infection cases (P=0.000 and P=0.000) respectively. Moreover, a significant decrement in the level of TG was detected in severe infection cases compared to mild and moderate cases (P=0.0001). Hence, the higher TG/HDL-C ratio (3.754) was found in severe infection cases, compared with mild and moderate infection (P=0.001 and P=0.002) respectively. Conclusion: Lipid function biomarkers like CHO, TG and LDL serum value was found elevated among severe than other patients. Lipid Metabolism biomarkers are a candidate for predicting COVID-19 disease severity in order to guide clinical care and general Public","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"425 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77788406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}