H. Schwartz, J. Pineau, G. Feuillard, C. Prax, J. Valière
{"title":"Development of flow characterization system using ultrasonic methods","authors":"H. Schwartz, J. Pineau, G. Feuillard, C. Prax, J. Valière","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0363","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the radiation of sound from ultrasonic transducers located on a flat surface and bounding a shear flow. The aim of the experiments is to measure time delays between flushed transducers in order to characterize flow velocity. Considering that the sound has an infinitely small wavelength, comparison between numerical (simulated using Matlab) and experimental results shows that sound radiation can be described by a ray theory of acoustic propagation. The presence of a turbulent boundary layer creates curved paths of propagation. This phenomenon combined with the angle of transducers towards the flow stream affects measurements of the experiments. At high angles, the propagation of sound can be compared with a direct transmission between the transducers.","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114853377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanako Ohtal, Gaku Isobel, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, T. Morita
{"title":"Polycrystalline PZT film on porous Ti substrate synthesized by Ultrasonic Assisted Hydrothermal Method","authors":"Kanako Ohtal, Gaku Isobel, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, T. Morita","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0046","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrothermal method utilizes a solution-based chemical reaction to synthesize piezoelectric films. We proposed an ultrasonic irradiation during the hydrothermal synthesis, named an Ultrasonic Assisted Hydrothermal Method (UAHTM). In this study, two topics are reported, the optimum ultrasonic irradiation period for getting thicker PZT film and the PZT deposition on porous Ti substrate by UAHTM.","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126357335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feasibility study of blood velocity vector estimation using three types of transducer","authors":"Hyungjoon Lim, Hwan Shim, Youngtae Kim, B. Cheon","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0085","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasound color Doppler imaging has been a useful technique for obtaining vascular blood flow information. The conventional method, however, suffers from angle dependency when the blood flow is normal to the ultrasound beam direction so that it is difficult to visualize the blood flow. To overcome this angle dependency, various vector Doppler imaging methods with multiple transmit and receive sub-apertures have been proposed and showed an angle independent vessel flow information. However, most of them are evaluated on a linear array transducer. This paper evaluates a vector Doppler algorithm consisting of one transmit (TX) sub-aperture and two receive (RX) sub-apertures based on the convex and phased array transducer. Vessel flow velocity magnitudes and directions obtained by the vector Doppler using the convex and phased array show, for convex transducer mean direction error of 8.6843 degrees and 0.3860 m/s of mean velocity magnitude error and for phased array 16.1693 degrees and 0.0247 m/s mean errors respectively. These result indicate that convex and phased array also provide an reasonable vessel velocity magnitude and flow direction comparing to the vessel information of linear transducer which are errors of 2.9440 degrees and 0.1710 m/s respectively.","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128005468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charles A. Winckler, Peter R. Smith, D. Cowell, O. Olagunju, S. Freear
{"title":"The design of a high speed receiver system for an ultrasound array research platform","authors":"Charles A. Winckler, Peter R. Smith, D. Cowell, O. Olagunju, S. Freear","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0370","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated analog front ends (AFEs) are often the preferred choice when designing ultrasound systems. They are convenient, easy to use packages, however do not yet provide the performance needed for high-frequency, wide-bandwidth ultrasound applications e.g. Pre-clinical imaging. These applications require higher sampling frequencies and increased levels of gain than are currently available in commercial AFEs. For high frequency systems it is therefore necessary to design a custom high-frequency AFE. This work reports on a scalable AFE design suited to wide-bandwidth applications. The AFE design is composed of a transmit/receive switch (TX810), a 43.5 dB low noise amplifier (AD8334), channel multiplexer (AD8184), a variable gain amplifier suitable for time gain compensation (THS7530), and a passive filter(9th order Chebyshev). The performance of the AFE design is verified in SPICE and measured using a network analyzer. Results show a 65 MHz -3 dB input bandwidth with an overall gain of 75 dB, smooth phase response and a minimal detectable voltage of 65 μV. The scalable design is suitable for replication across many channels of an imaging system, and has been designed to interface with the existing UARP system (University of Leeds, UK).","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128073496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ricci, M. Cinthio, M. Lenge, R. Matera, J. Albinsson, P. Tortoli
{"title":"Volume flow assessment through simultaneous B-mode and Multigate Doppler","authors":"S. Ricci, M. Cinthio, M. Lenge, R. Matera, J. Albinsson, P. Tortoli","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0397","url":null,"abstract":"The typical approach for volumetric blood flow assessment consists of a velocity measurement performed in a single sample volume placed in the vessel centre, combined to an estimate of the average diameter. This simple approach produces large inaccuracies since it does not account for the complex flow configurations produced by complicated artery geometries and/or pulsatile conditions. Moreover, diameter changes, which in important regions like the common carotid artery can be larger than 10%, are totally neglected. In this work we propose an alternative volume flow method which overcomes some of the aforementioned limitations through the simultaneous measurement of the wall positions and of the velocity distribution in the artery. The wall positions are tracked by a detector based on the First Order Absolute Moment working on B-mode data, while the velocity profile is obtained by a Multigate Spectral Doppler analysis applied to PW-mode data. The method was implemented on the ULA-OP research system and validated on a flow phantom with more than 1700 experiments performed in rigid and flexible pipes. We found a systematic underestimation of 3.7% with 5.0% standard deviation. The mean coefficient of variation (CV) was 1.7%.","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125712891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Ohashi, Hitoshi Yoshida, M. Arakawa, J. Kushibiki, Tomoaki Karakai, Tao Lv, M. Adachi
{"title":"Determination method of acoustical physical constants and their temperature coefficients of La3Ta0.5Ga5.3Al0.2O14 single crystal","authors":"Y. Ohashi, Hitoshi Yoshida, M. Arakawa, J. Kushibiki, Tomoaki Karakai, Tao Lv, M. Adachi","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0686","url":null,"abstract":"A determination method of accurate acoustical physical constants and their temperature coefficients was demonstrated for La3Ta0.5Ga5.3Al0.2O14 (L TGA) single crystal using the ultrasonic microspectroscopy (UMS) technology combined with the resonance method. Several specimens (X-, Y-, Z-, 29.14°Y-, and 150.86°Y-cut) were prepared from an LTGA ingot. Acoustical physical constants and their temperature coefficients around room temperatures were determined using the longitudinal- and shear-wave velocities measured by the UMS system, dielectric constants, density, and thermal expansion coefficients. Measured leaky surface acoustic wave (LSA W) velocities and calculated ones using the determined constants at 23°C were compared, resulting in good agreement within -3.0 to 1.1 m/s for all propagation directions. Using four X-cut rotated Y-bar (-30°Y, 0°Y, 15°Y, 30°Y) specimens and Y-cut specimen prepared from the same ingot, the temperature coefficients in a range from -30 to 80°C were also obtained by the resonance method. Combining the temperature coefficients obtained by the resonance method with the accurate constants obtained by the UMS technology, we can determine more reliable constants and temperature coefficients.","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125844818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Taki, T. Sakamoto, M. Yamakawa, T. Shiina, Toru Sato
{"title":"Ultrasound tissue motion assessment using full correlation analysis","authors":"H. Taki, T. Sakamoto, M. Yamakawa, T. Shiina, Toru Sato","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0642","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional ultrasound cross-correlation technique for tissue motion assessment searches the best match between successive B-mode frames. This strategy neglects the decrease of cross-correlation caused by the time difference between two measurement points utilized for the calculation of cross-correlation. The assumption causes the smaller estimated velocity than the true velocity. In this study, we employ full correlation analysis to compensate for the change of the location where the correlation coefficient is maximum. Simulation study shows that the difference between the true tissue velocity and the expectation of the tissue velocity estimated using the proposed method is 11.3% of that estimated using the conventional cross-correlation technique. These findings indicate the potential of the proposed method to improve the accuracy in tissue motion assessment, including blood flow velocity estimation.","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121983071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang Liu, J. Harley, Nicholas O'Donoughue, Yujie Ying, Martin H. Altschul, M. Berges, J. Garrett, D. Greve, José M. F. Moura, I. Oppenheim, L. Soibelman
{"title":"Robust change detection in highly dynamic guided wave signals with singular value decomposition","authors":"Chang Liu, J. Harley, Nicholas O'Donoughue, Yujie Ying, Martin H. Altschul, M. Berges, J. Garrett, D. Greve, José M. F. Moura, I. Oppenheim, L. Soibelman","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0120","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasonic guided waves are sensitive to small scatterers and can, in principle, be used to detect damage in pipe structures. However, pipes are often subjected to varying environmental and operational conditions (EOC), which can produce false positives or mask the change of interest. We apply singular value decomposition as a robust change detection method in ultrasonic signals. We test the methods on experimental data collected in a realistic highly dynamic environment, and show successful detection of a mass scatterer as a physical simulation of damage. We also compare our method to two other change detection methods that are robust to EOC.","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127915174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thuy Nguyen, A. Espinoza, S. Hyler, E. Remme, J. Dhooge, L. Hoff
{"title":"Effect of myocardial perfusion on end-systolic radial strain at the apex","authors":"Thuy Nguyen, A. Espinoza, S. Hyler, E. Remme, J. Dhooge, L. Hoff","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0272","url":null,"abstract":"According to the literature, subendocardial strain is more susceptible to reduced perfusion than mid-myocardial and sub-epicardial strains. The aim of this study was to compare radial strain in these 3 layers under various levels of flow reduction, using our previously described system with miniature high-frequency transducers sutured to the epicardial surface. The blood flow in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was controlled under three flow conditions: no flow reduction, 25% flow reduction and 75% flow reduction. The myocardial wall was divided into 3 equally sized layers. Tissue velocities were estimated from the RF signals using a phase shift Doppler estimator, finding the average phase shift between 3 successive RF lines. A 4th order Butterworth filter was applied to the velocity estimates in both temporal and spatial directions, and radial strain rate and strain were calculated. The results showed that strain decreased by 16.4±7.2% in the sub-endocardium, while it decreased by 7.9±4.9% and 7.7±6.8%, respectively, in the mid- and sub-epicardial layers at 25% flow reduction. At 75% flow reduction, the strain was reduced by 28.1±7.7% compared to baseline in the sub-endocardial and mid-layers, while it was reduced by a similar amount in the mid-myocardium and subepicardium, 26.9±6.5% and 26.8±10.7%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127917391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acoustic energy driven focus-tunable liquid microlens array for Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor application","authors":"G. Feng, Jun-Ho Liu","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0281","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an innovative simple-structured tunable-focus Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. The device of tuning the focal length of liquid micro-lens array by acoustic energy is designed, fabricated, and tested. By vibrating the cylindrical device with a rigid sidewall and a flexible bottom plate, a pumping effect to cause the convex profile of liquid surface and stay the curvature is theoretically described and verified by the experiment, when the device is resonant at an appropriate frequency. We implement the device with the structure of a PDMS made membrane as the bottom flexible plate, a lead zirconium titanium ring transducer as the cylindrical sidewall, and a micromachined SU-8 plate as the top cover. DI water is filled inside the device as the lens material. The fabrication process of PDMS membrane and an array of micro-hole on the SU-8 plate is described. The fabricated device is tested with a collimated laser light setup. Results shows that focused spots arrays at different focal distances are clearly obtained on a CCD camera while tuning the sinusoidal voltage amplitude at a fixed frequency.","PeriodicalId":150948,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115840461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}