Volume 3: Design and Analysis最新文献

{"title":"B31 J SIF and k-Factor Test of Sweeplus®","authors":"Yuqing Liu, Ismat El Jaouhari, P. Diwakar, D. Lin","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Formerly, an entire catalogue of 90 deg. branch connections called Sweeplus® was developed and accessed to mitigate acoustic induced vibration (AIV) in piping systems exposed to high frequency vibration. Parameters related to cyclic loading was completed on the Sweeplus® fitting to determine the stress intensification factor (SIF) and flexibility factor (k-factor), in accordance with the latest revision of ASME B31J-2017 code and reported in this paper. A Sweeplus® fitting was welded in a Markl test fixture and controlled through LabView software. The testing configuration and equipment were those used in Kahn test reported in WRC 329. K-factor tests were conducted for the in-plane thru both branch and header piping, and the out-of-plane thru branch. SIF tests were performed in the out-of-plane thru branch. The tests confirmed the SIF of Sweeplus® is less than one which means the fatigue life of Sweeplus® is significantly extended, not only under high frequency AIV excitation, but also under low frequency flow induced vibration (FIV) and thermal loading.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123596928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inclined Surge Line Design Considerations for Analysis and Monitoring","authors":"Jamie Oakman, M. Gray, B. Leber, M. Salac","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93684","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Thermal stratification can occur in pressurizer surge lines when flow rates are low and large temperature differences between the pressurizer fluid and reactor coolant loop fluid exist. NRC Bulletin 88-11 requires that utilities address this issue with respect to the licensing basis. Additionally, significant fatigue usage can develop due to insurges and outsurges from the pressurizer that occur when the temperature difference (ΔT) is large. An important aspect of the surge line fatigue analysis is determination of global pipe moment loads due to insurges, outsurges, and related stratification effects.\u0000 The Westinghouse AP1000® plant surge line is designed to limit the global effects of stratification using a surge line geometry that is inclined more than that of the previous generation plants. However, this design provides unique challenges to the analytical solution in comparison to the mostly horizontal geometries in previous PWR designs. The main challenge is due to the location of the stratified fluid hot/cold interface. The horizontal geometry has historically allowed conservative (based on analytical testing) treatment of the stratified interface profile. The inclined geometry requires consideration of positional changes, as the stratified interface moves through the line due to flow changes. Because of this, iterative calculations were required to predict global piping moment loads through the transient histories based on the movement of the stratified interface. Software was developed to solve a series of correlative equations representing moment loads due to pipe temperatures and stratification ΔT within discretized portions of the surge line throughout each transient. The correlative equations, which are based on the matrix solution of piping analysis load cases, predict the global pipe moment loads to a high degree of precision.\u0000 The surge line is also a significant location in the online fatigue monitoring program implemented at the sites. The complexity of the design analysis that is reflected in the monitoring model requires a more detailed accounting for the location of the stratification interface, the effect on prediction of moment loadings for controlling locations, and the effect on local stresses at the monitoring locations. This paper describes the approach used to address all of these factors in the design evaluation and subsequent fatigue monitoring application.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113979930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Impact Energy for Seat Seals in Spring-Operated Pressure Relief Valves During the Reseating Process Under Compressible Fluid Service Conditions","authors":"Alex Schimanowski, J. Schlattmann","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93336","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Spring operated pressure relief valves (SOPRVs) are used in many industrial fields for hazardous applications in order to protect people and environment as well as to reduce the risks of containment loss. Since SOPRVs are essential elements of safety systems, they are subject to strict functional and reliability requirements, which demand not only a proper disk lift but also give regulations concerning the maximum allowable valve tightness. However, despite the high practical importance of SOPRVs tightness through the whole life cycle, only initial tightness is considered in the literature and regulations. Therefore, in the present contribution we make an attempt to quantify the impact energy of the valve disk during the reseating of the valve, which is assumed to be the most relevant factor for repeated valve tightness. First, we present three different methods of increasing complexity for disk impact energy estimation. Subsequently, we demonstrate the application of these methods on the example of a SOPRV Type API 526 1E2 and discuss the findings. Finally, we consider a set of selected common used soft sealing materials and give implications for their usage within a range of set pressures and maximum disk lifts based on findings for the presented use case.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125157334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Study of Pipe Support and Restraint Stiffness","authors":"P. Wiseman, A. Mayes, E. Appiah","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93275","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Pipe support and restraint assemblies are an integral part of engineered piping systems for power, petrochemical, refinery, and process industries. Such assemblies are specially designed and analyzed for the purpose of transferring loads from piping to building structure or supplemental steel structure. Thus, a support assembly protects the piping, or any other components, from damage that may result from startup, shutdown, shocks from valve operation, water hammer, steam hammer, wind, seismic, and other catastrophic events such as pipe rupture or explosions. It also restrains against unacceptable movements in the piping system while preserving movement due to thermal growth. The support and restraint stiffness values are utilized based on assumptions and calculations of load versus displacement. A case study of pipe support elements is performed in various static and dynamic load cases to determine the effects of assumptions of utilizing one stiffness value versus multiple stiffness values within an assembly. Additionally, the stiffness for the connected building structure opens more assumptions within industry practice. Multiple industry practices of stiffness values are integrated into this research to compare and contrast the realistic attributes of each.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126286202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Investigations on the Effect of a Cuttings Bed Remover on the Cuttings Carrying Capacity in Horizontal Drilling","authors":"Tong Cao, Kaian Yu, Chen Xuyue, Hongwu Zhu, Luo Yunqing, Rui Zhang","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93809","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With the increasing development of the exploration of unconventional oil-gas resources, people pay more and more attention to horizontal drilling technology. During the process of horizontal drilling, when the deviation angle exceeds the critical value, the falling velocity of the cuttings in annulus will increase with the deviation angle and they are more inclined to slip to the bottom edge. If the drilling parameters are chosen improperly at the same time, the cuttings would be deposited to form a cuttings bed at the bottom edge of the annulus. The high friction and high torque caused by the cuttings bed could greatly reduce the efficiency and the safety of drilling. This paper comes up with a cuttings bed remover with helical grooves to break the cuttings bed and carry cuttings based on the normal drill pipe design, builds 3D models of the cuttings bed removers with different structure parameters to analyze the cuttings carrying capacity with CFD. In addition, an investigation about the effects of the grooves design and drill pipe rotational speed have on the cuttings carrying capacity is accomplished, the grooves design parameters include the number, the length and the helical angle of the groove, and the effects are evaluated by the flow characteristics of fluid field and transportation of cuttings. The remover structure is optimized according to the simulation results, and the good performance of cuttings bed remover is verified by a field test. The whole research about the promotion of cuttings bed remover and its application shall be of great importance to the improvement of horizontal drilling efficiency and safety.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121380968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evolution of Bulged Areas in the Cylindrical Section of Coke Drums","authors":"Egler D. Araque, Darren Love, Stephen Park, Daryl K. Rutt, A. Tapia, Rick D. Clark","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93673","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent years the understanding of the relationship between drum damage and bulge sharpness has improved significantly. The authors of this paper developed a new parameter called bulge sharpness and have previously shown the relationship between sharpness and observed damage. Further to this study, the authors have exhaustively studied the evolution of stress cracking (elephant skin) on mid-course bulges and have estimated the likelihood of finding a particular type of surface damage based on the observed sharpness levels. This correlation has led to a proposed scale to categorize stress cracking into three levels: minor, intermediate, and significant. In addition, the progression of bulge sharpness over time was analyzed and it was determined through statistical modeling that bulge sharpness can have a range of rates of change or sharpness growth rates: low, medium, and high. These sharpness growth rates were subsequently studied and their relationship with overall cycle times analyzed. The study also shows that individual coke drums can experience different sharpness growth rates and there can be a distribution of these rates. To determine when repairs should be conducted, coke drum operators must consider the expected operational run. While the random nature of coke drum damage can defy such targets, bulge sharpness growth assessments can be used to better define when repairs should be conducted. Understanding current bulge sharpness levels, year-over-year sharpness growth rates and their distribution, can significantly assist in targeting areas of concern for optimized repair strategies and can also be used to avoid unnecessary repairs.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128805055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Stresses and Interaction Effects of Nozzle-Cylinder Intersections When Subject to Multiple External Loads","authors":"M. Bozkurt, D. Nash, Asraf Uzzaman","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93306","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Analyzing and solving the problem of practical cylinder-cylinder pressure vessel intersections is challenging when using a finite element approach. Although numerous theoretical and finite element solutions have been developed for the cylinder-cylinder intersection problem, there remains the requirement for an updated, innovative model which takes account of all practical as-fabricated features including fillets and crotch corner ground radii. This study presents the development of a suitable model, based on the results of a parametric macro study, which is able to compare all of these operations on a single, high fidelity model. This study considers a cylindrical pressure vessel with a single nozzle connection without reinforcement plate and examines the maximum stress values in the nozzle-shell intersection area (crotch corner) under the various loads applied to the nozzle. Additionally, internal pressure and external load actions on the nozzle, including effects of circumferential, torsional, and longitudinal moments are compared using a suitable finite element approach. Furthermore, equations and solutions for external loads in spherical and cylindrical shells are given in WRC Bulletins 107 and 537. Therefore, comparisons with the results obtained from these are made for validation purposes and the overall impact of the new as-built approach is presented.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122241805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of CFD to Improve Control Valve Effectiveness","authors":"A. Reich","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93417","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Control valves are used to adjust fluid flow rates in an extremely wide variety of applications. This paper discusses a steam flow control valve that is required to operate with a fairly wide range of inlet conditions (steam pressure) and provide effective control over a fairly wide range of steam flow rates. In this particular case a valve design was developed using “classical” methods — a combination of experience and hand calculations. The valve was tested and it did not provide adequate control over the flow for the application. The valve redesign effort used CFD to gain insight into the flow through the valve in order to evaluate control performance before the valve was fabricated and assembled. Several internal geometries were assessed and compared in order to identify two configurations that would meet the flow control requirements. These configurations were fabricated and tested and deemed to be adequate.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132846135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of Accurate and Detailed Data Processing of Laser Mapping in Coke Drum","authors":"Daryl K. Rutt, Stephen Park, Darren Love, Egler D. Araque, Rick D. Clark","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93674","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Laser mapping is a well-accepted technique for obtaining surface profiles of coke drum walls to identify bulges. The resulting data is used to track and trend vessel distortions and mapped to illustrate the shape of the vessel from a base radius and or previous inspection. Monitoring the development and evolution of these distortions over time in an accurate and consistent manner has been demonstrated to be an effective tool for predicting bulging induced crack in a coke drum. In this paper, the authors discuss several aspects of the laser mapping technique such as scanner positioning, data noise, laser range accuracy, missing data and the repercussions in the assessment of bulging. The effects on second derivative-based analysis are covered in detail and the use of techniques to reduce the effects of data noise and sensor motion are discussed.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133421203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Transfer Matrix Method for Free Vibration Analysis of Tapering Pipe","authors":"Qingna Zeng, F. Zang, Yixion Zhang, Donghui Wang","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93118","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, theoretical solutions of free transverse vibration for tapering pipe considering variable cross section have been investigated using Bessel function in low frequency domain. Natural frequency was calculated by transfer matrix method (TMM) based on an accurate theoretical model. The effectiveness and validity of TMM with Bessel function was confirmed in comparison with TMM of discrete uniform pipe and Finite Element Method. Furthermore, dimensionless model was proposed to avoid the singularity, instability and overflow in calculation. The geometry effect, such as tapering ratio, thickness-radius and length-radius ratio influence on the nature frequency was explored. The present study was envisaged to provide useful insights for dynamic analysis of pipeline systems.","PeriodicalId":150804,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Design and Analysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133459284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}