Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Editorial Note on Flavonoids","authors":"Amet Hacimu","doi":"10.37532/0976-0105.2021.12(5).47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/0976-0105.2021.12(5).47","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75263486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescribing Pattern and Potency of Anti-Diabetic Drugs in Diabetic Patients for Maintaining Optimal Glycemic Levels","authors":"Hisato Tyagi","doi":"10.37532/0976-0105.2021.12(5).44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/0976-0105.2021.12(5).44","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86817868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Controlled Porosity Osmotic Pump for Oral Delivery of Ketorolac","authors":"Pavel Poreds","doi":"10.37532/0976-0105.2021.12(5).43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/0976-0105.2021.12(5).43","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75616396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Pharmacy Practice Towards Cancer Health and the Need for Continuous Cancer Education: Ghana Situation","authors":"K. Mensah, F. Oosthuizen, V. Bangalee","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3287510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3287510","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, cancer patients are managed mostly within the secondary healthcare system. As the burden of the disease increases, secondary care has to work with the primary care to provide good support for healthy population, the patients, etc. The community pharmacists are one of the primary care providers because they are the most accessible healthcare providers in the community. For this group to meet these demands of an evolving new role and improve the health outcomes, continuous professional development (CPD) is essential. This study was set to gather information about the professional practice of Ghanaian community pharmacists on cancer health, their interest and importance in receiving continuous education on cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using electronic questionnaires. Key Findings: Majority (67.1%) spent less than or ten minutes of their time interacting with patients and 70.8% referred patients who consistently request for medication to a hospital. Majority of participants (43.4%) have never attended cancer continuous education and 67.6% indicated their interest in receiving cancer continuous education in the future. There was statistically significant difference between the educational level and professional interaction with cancer patients (p=0.004). Provision of cancer printed materials (p=0.00) and interest in attending cancer continuous education in the future (p=0.007) were also significantly affected by educational level. ‘Handout/booklet with self- test’ was the preferred mode of delivery for cancer education. Conclusion: community pharmacists strongly play a significant role in cancer health through their professional practice. The challenges observed can be overcome through a well-organized cancer continuous education using participants preferred medium of delivery.","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77657405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual Case of an Alcoholic with Liver Injury from Sulfasalazine Use","authors":"U. Masood, A. Sharma, S. Nijjar, B. Krenzer","doi":"10.4103/0976-0105.195126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-0105.195126","url":null,"abstract":"A 57-year-old male with a history of alcoholism presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain, jaundice, transaminitis, and hyperbilirubinemia. Due to the history of alcoholism, it was initially presumed that the patient had alcoholic hepatitis but further investigation revealed that he was recently started on sulfasalazine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Upon cessation of the drug, the patient′s liver function tests significantly improved over a few days and eventually normalized within weeks. This case was interesting as the patient′s history of alcoholism disguised the actual diagnosis. Furthermore, the late presentation of sulfasalazine-induced liver injury is uncommon as it commonly presents 2-4 weeks after initiation of therapy.","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"70 1","pages":"38 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76111296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nociceptive Activities of Stem-Bark Extracts and Fractions of Carpolobia Lutea (Polygalaceae)","authors":"L. L. Nwidu, B. Airhihen, A. Ahmadu","doi":"10.4103/0976-0105.195097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-0105.195097","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Niger Delta, ethnomedicine hydroalcoholic extract of Carpolobia lutea (CL) (Polygalaceae) is used to relieve inflammatory pains. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of ethanolic stem extract (ESE) and to fractionate the ESE for the elucidation of bioactive molecules. Materials and Methods: The antinociceptive effects for ESE were tested against two noxious stimuli; chemical (acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced pain) and thermal (hot plate) stimuli. The effects of paracetamol (130 mg/kg), indomethacin (10 mg/kg), and morphine (5 mg/kg) pretreatment were investigated. To isolate the bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory effect, two doses (86.6 and 173.2 mg/kg) of four fractions (methanol fraction MTF, ethyl acetate fraction EAF, chloroform fraction CHF, and n-hexane fraction n-HF) obtained from fractionating ESE were utilized. Carrageenan, egg albumin, and capsaicin-induced edema of the hind paw of the rats were the models adopted. Paw volume was measured by a digital vernier caliper from 0 to 6 h after injection. This was compared to standard drugs. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The ESE decreased significantly (P < 0.001) the writhing of acetic acid-induced abdominal contractions and licking of formalin-induced pains but does not have any effects on the hot plate test. Of the four fractions obtained, the EAFs demonstrated a significant (P < 0.001) inflammatory inhibition of 98.97% and 41.91% at 86.6 and 173.2 mg/kg, respectively, compared to 65.75% inhibition demonstrated by the reference drug, acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/kg) on the carrageenan model while 36.36% and 29.87% inhibition of inflammation at 86.6 and 173.2 mg/kg, respectively, on the egg albumin models; there was no significant effect on the capsaicin model. Conclusion: The isolation of quercetin and kaemferol from CL gave credence to its anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects.","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"2 1","pages":"25 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85073456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Consumers at a Tertiary Care Hospital Regarding the Disposal of Unused Medicines","authors":"Supriya Sonowal, Chetna K. Desai, Jigar Kapadia, M. Desai","doi":"10.4103/0976-0105.195079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-0105.195079","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of consumers in India about disposal of unused medicines. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire comprising 11 questions evaluating the Knowledge (2), Attitude (3) and Practice (6) of unused medicines was prepared and pre validated before administering to 200 consumers of medicines attending the outpatient department of Civil Hospital Ahmedabad, a tertiary care teaching hospital in Western India. Requisite permissions from Institutional Ethics Committee and informed consent were obtained prior to recruiting them for the study. Responses were recorded, in Microsoft Excel® spreadsheet and evaluated for percentage response. Results: Majority of the respondents (136, 68%) stored unused medicines at home. Analgesics (26.5%) were the most common unused medicine stored. Safe disposal of medicine was considered necessary by majority respondents (160, 80%) for different reasons like prevention of illegal/unintended use (84, 42%), prevention of environmental pollution (32, 16%) or possible ADR caused by old drugs (54, 27%). Only 78 (39%) respondents were aware of appropriate methods of disposal. Disposal in household trash (61, 30.5%) was the most common method used. Majority of respondents felt the need for a facility or programme to collect unused medicines (152, 76%) and an increased awareness among consumers regarding hazards and methods of disposal of unused medicines (154, 77%). Conclusion: Majority of consumers are aware about the need for safe disposal of unused medicines. But the right attitude for and practice of safe disposal of medicines is lacking. A need for increased awareness regarding safe disposal of medicines is acknowledged by majority of consumers.","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"8 1","pages":"4 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85721183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geriatric Prescription in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital","authors":"Nwani Paul Osemeke, O. Hart, Nwosu Maduaburochukwu Cosmas, Isah Ambrose Ohumagho","doi":"10.4103/0976-0105.195086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-0105.195086","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess the medications prescribed for elderly inpatients on specific days during hospital admission with a view to detecting areas of irrational prescription. Methods: It was a prospective study of all patients aged 65 years and above admitted to the medical wards of a Nigerian tertiary hospital over a 12-month period. The World Health Organization/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (WHO/INRUD) drug use indicators were used to assess drug prescriptions on various days of admission. Results: A total of 1513 patient encounters involving 345 patients aged between 65 and 92 years were assessed on hospital days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28. The average number of medicines per encounter ranged from 6.1 ± 2.5 on hospital day 1 to 7.8 ± 2.4 on hospital day 28. This difference was statistically significant (F = 14.42; P < 0.05). The percentage of encounters with an antibiotic prescribed ranged from 50.4% on hospital day 1 to 62.9% on hospital day 28 while the percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed decreased from 72.8% on hospital day 1 to 50.0% on day 28. Conclusions: This study suggests some degree of irrational prescribing as evident by the high average number of medicine per encounter and the high percentages of encounters with an antibiotic or injection prescribed. However, there is a need to develop standard values for the WHO/INRUD indicators based on the recently published national treatment guidelines for common elderly diseases which will serve as yardsticks to assess elderly inpatients prescriptions using WHO/INRUD core indicators in future studies.","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"43 1","pages":"20 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81384677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Draft National Health Policy of India and Determining Cost-effectiveness Threshold","authors":"P. Sakharkar","doi":"10.4103/0976-0105.195078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-0105.195078","url":null,"abstract":"1 The Seventh Asia‐Pacific Conference of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research was held in Singapore this year from September 3, 2016, to September 06, 2016. “Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research in Asia‐Pacific: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Direction” was the theme of this conference. This occasion presented a perfect opportunity to discuss some of the challenges that are unique to Asian countries in terms of their health‐care and decision‐making processes. This is especially true for a country like India, the world’s third‐largest economy, whose new National Health Policy (NHP) is likely to decide the trajectory of its health‐care system over the next few years. In developed countries, the political debate over economic issues is often seen as a clash between free market principles and government control. Developing regulatory policies in such an environment is an ongoing battle between the public and private sector. Such battles are often seen spilling over in health‐care policy‐making. In India, the fundamental health‐care issues are at the bottom of the list of any political discourse; occasionally they surface to the forefront led by interest groups that have bigger political clout and their own special interest. Issues such as conditions of hospitals, doctors’ compensations, corruption within professional and accreditation bodies draw more public interest and attention than vital questions such as “why do some parts of the country still suffer from diseases like malaria or tuberculosis?” or “why is there a constant shortage of essential drugs in government hospitals?” or “why do drugs and treatment costs vary significantly within the same geographical region?” These kinds of vital questions rarely lead to any public or political discourse. The new government under Prime Minister Modi plans to offer universal health care under its recently released NHP draft.[1] One can sense the intentions of this government from this draft policy as it states, “It is a declaration of the determination of the government to leverage economic growth to achieve health outcomes and an explicit acknowledgement that better health contributes immensely to improved productivity as well as to equity.” While discussing the current situation of health care in India, this NHP draft further acknowledges several challenges that it needs to confront, including inequities in health outcomes, quality of care, growing disease burdens, increasing health‐care costs, inadequate investment and financing of health care, shortage of health‐care professionals, paucity of health services research, and poor regulatory framework.[1] Among all other objectives listed in this draft policy that the government wants to focus on, one of the important objectives – organizing and financing health‐care services – deserves special attention from economists, health outcomes researchers, and health‐care professionals, including pharmacists and policy ","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"26 1","pages":"1 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83076395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization Study of Antihypertensives in a South Indian Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital and Adherence to Standard Treatment Guidelines","authors":"S. Datta","doi":"10.4103/0976-0105.195100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-0105.195100","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Hypertension represents a major health problem primarily because of its role in contributing to the initiation and progression of major cardiovascular diseases. Concerns pertaining to hypertension and its sequelae can be substantially addressed and consequent burden of disease reduced by early detection and appropriate therapy of elevated blood pressure. This cross-sectional observational study aims at analyzing the utilization pattern of antihypertensives used for the treatment of hypertension at a tertiary care hospital in perspective of standard treatment guidelines. Materials and Methods: Prescriptions were screened for antihypertensives at the medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Medical records of the patients were scrutinized after which 286 prescriptions of patients suffering from hypertension were included. The collected data were sorted and analyzed on the basis of demographic characteristics and comorbidities. Results: The calcium channel blockers were the most frequently used antihypertensive class of drugs (72.3%). Amlodipine (55.6%) was the single most frequently prescribed antihypertensive agent. The utilization of thiazide diuretics was 9%. Adherence to the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEMs) was 65%. The combination therapy was used more frequently (51.5%) than monotherapy (48.8%). The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ACE-I/ARB) was 41.4% in diabetes. Conclusions: The treatment pattern, in general, conformed to standard treatment guidelines. Few areas, however, need to be addressed such as the underutilization of thiazide diuretics, need for more awareness of drugs from the NLEMs and enhanced use of ACE-I/ARB in diabetic hypertensives.","PeriodicalId":15046,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy","volume":"58 1","pages":"33 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80026009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}