{"title":"Measuring What Matters","authors":"L. Samuels, Bomin Kim","doi":"10.1080/10464883.2023.2165840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2023.2165840","url":null,"abstract":"For nearly eighty years, the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) has done its mapping—everything from the surface of the moon to the compound hiding Osama bin Laden—from the city of St. Louis. In 2017, this federal agency pitted three regional sites against each other in the competition to host their new billion-dollar headquarters. Two years later, a site of nearly one hundred acres of “underdeveloped brownfields” in North St. Louis was selected to go from “eyesore to economic boon” as the host of this moated and militarized spy headquarters. 1 This supposedly catalytic development eradicated nearly half of what was left of the St. Louis Place neighborhood following decades of erasure from urban renewal, malignant neglect, and unethical real estate transactions. While the project was touted as a massive win for St. Louis due primarily to preserving city income tax dollars, this essay examines how existing measures of success that conflate economic growth (or even simply economic preservation) with progress fail to capture the real social, environmental, and economic costs that development can bring. It considers how the difficult-to-measure aspects of city sociality—rootedness, optimism, opportunity, and social resilience, for example—are critical in recognizing and elevating the importance of spatial justice in our design decisions and design pedagogy. This paper explores the true costs of the NGA relocation to North St. Louis by measuring a broad range of social and economic factors ignored by the city’s assessment. It also considers a second adjacent project, the proposed Brickline Greenway, and explores how its more inclusive objectives begin taking small steps towards repair. Speculative design work from the Master of Urban Design studio at Washington University in St. Louis provides alternative mapping and design solutions that further this paradigm shift.","PeriodicalId":15044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Education","volume":"77 1","pages":"168 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41624939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lessons from the Black Indigenous Atlantic","authors":"Thabisile Griffin","doi":"10.1080/10464883.2023.2165810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2023.2165810","url":null,"abstract":"In the eighteenth century, an African-Indigenous population in the Caribbean effectively prevented large-scale European enclosure on their island. Termed the “Black Caribs” within British primary documents, they retained control over St. Vincent, refusing to let the fate of the island succumb to systems of enslavement and plantocracies of the colonial imagination. Their refusal to accept defeat, even to this day, offers a generative view on what reparations must prioritize as a form of collective repair. Land and autonomy have endured as the guiding objectives for this Black Indigenous population, providing potential blueprints for the days ahead.","PeriodicalId":15044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Education","volume":"77 1","pages":"108 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47447883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When You are Critical Mass","authors":"V. McEwen","doi":"10.1080/10464883.2023.2165841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2023.2165841","url":null,"abstract":"Tina Campt is the Roger S. Berlind ‘52 Professor of Humanities at Princeton University. She holds a joint appointment between the Department of Art and Archeology and the Lewis Center for the Arts. She is a founding researcher of Black European studies, as well as the lead convenor of the Practicing Refusal Collective and the Sojourner Project. Campt has published five books—Other Germans: Black Germans and the Politics of Race, Gender and Memory in the Third Reich (2004); Image Matters: Archive, Photography and the African Diaspora in Europe (2012); Listening to Images (2017); Imagining Everyday Life: Engagements with Vernacular Photography (with Marianne Hirsch, Gil Hochberg, and Brian Wallis, 2020), and A Black Gaze: Artists Changing How We See (2021). Campt was also recipient of the 2020 Photography Catalogue of the Year Award from Paris Photo and Aperture Foundation.","PeriodicalId":15044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Education","volume":"77 1","pages":"188 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47512837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Aesthetic of Care","authors":"Parker Sutton","doi":"10.1080/10464883.2022.2097532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2022.2097532","url":null,"abstract":"The reduction of landscape maintenance and the abrupt suspension of human activity during the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020 produced an ecological moment now referred to as the “anthropause.” Absent human intervention, nature quickly asserted its autonomy and confirmed what we already know: there is an inverse relationship between the degree of human involvement in the landscape and ecological health. In light of these events, this essay calls for a shift in the way that we maintain landscapes, grade their appearance, and define productivity. It promotes maintenance as a necessary tool of design and introduces a curriculum for an aesthetics of care.","PeriodicalId":15044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Education","volume":"76 1","pages":"137 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49137678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Building Indigenous Resistance","authors":"Tania Gutiérrez-Monroy","doi":"10.1080/10464883.2022.2097520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2022.2097520","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the transformation of urban architecture into a vehicle for Indigenous resistance. Focusing on the (re)appropriation of institutional spaces, my case study is the former seat of the Instituto Nacional de los Pueblos Indígenas, arguably part of the apparatus of assimilation of the Mexican nation-state. On October 12, 2020, the Indigenous Otomí Community CdMx took over the building and renamed it Casa de los Pueblos y Comunidades Indígenas (Yä nghü yä jhöy) Samir Flores Soberanes. Supported by Indigenous collectives across Mexico, the community transformed this architecture into a vessel for amplifying the message of Indigenous resistance against assimilation.","PeriodicalId":15044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Education","volume":"76 1","pages":"93 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46251593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Re-Producing the Status Quo","authors":"Peggy Deamer","doi":"10.1080/10464883.2022.2097544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2022.2097544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Education","volume":"76 1","pages":"189 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47979840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Paradox of Invisibility","authors":"A. Morshed","doi":"10.1080/10464883.2022.2097517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2022.2097517","url":null,"abstract":"Teaching architectural history with a commitment to social justice presents an epistemological challenge for two key reasons. First, the spatialization of social justice is irredeemably political, raising the question as to how to discuss politics in the classroom. Second, how does an educator articulate an ethical framework within which to situate histories of injustice and exclusion in the realm of knowledge production? By analyzing diverse public reactions to the controversial Emancipation Memorial (also known as the Freedman’s Memorial) in Lincoln Park on Capitol Hill, Washington, DC during the social justice movements of 2020, this paper examines the politics of social justice through an exploration of the notion of “invisibility,” a paradoxical condition that, as African American novelist Ralph Ellison suggests, can imply both a fantasy of empowerment and a tragedy of powerlessness. The Freedman’s Memorial was erected in 1876 to commemorate United States President Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation of 1863, which many American textbooks credit with “freeing the slaves.” Set on a high pedestal, the monument depicts Lincoln as a towering savior and the unshackled man kneeling in front of him. Though sculptor Thomas Ball modeled the kneeling man after the formerly enslaved man Archer Alexander, the monument denies Alexander’s personal history and his traumatic escape to freedom. It is Lincoln’s heroism, and not that of formerly enslaved people like Alexander, that is disseminated through an entrenched web of hegemonic cultural consent. How does an educator discuss Alexander’s invisibility in the context of this memorial to deepen the understanding of racial ideologies undergirding the institution of slavery in America? The paper argues that microhistory can serve as a powerful historiographic antidote to the dehumanizing effects of invisibility.","PeriodicalId":15044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architectural Education","volume":"76 1","pages":"83 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44242912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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