Journal of Analytical Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Triple recognition mediated split-DNAzyme catalyzed DNA walker coupling personal glucose meter for accurate and direct Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) analysis","authors":"Shaojiang Li, Ding Li, Tiantian Fang, Hong Mei Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s40543-025-00525-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-025-00525-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Urinary tract infections involving methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pose significant clinical challenges, necessitating timely diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic intervention. The development of accurate and sensitive detection methods for MRSA is therefore of considerable clinical importance. This study introduces a split-DNAzyme-based DNA walking system that employs triple recognition for the precise and direct identification of intact MRSA cells. The assay utilizes three functional probes—tracker/protein A antibody-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), S1/aptamer targeting PBP2a, and S2/cholesterol—to specifically recognize protein A, penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), and the bacterial lipid bilayer, respectively. By integrating proximity ligation with a DNA walker mechanism, the system performs an “AND” logic-gated analysis of three key MRSA biomarkers, enabling highly sensitive detection of the pathogen. Furthermore, the incorporation of a personal glucose meter (PGM) for quantifying glucose signals generated by the biosensor significantly enhances the portability of the assay. The proposed method achieved a detection limit as low as 2.7 cfu/mL, which is attributed to the efficient signal amplification of the DNA walker and the enhanced targeting capability of the multivalent recognition system. The strategy demonstrated markedly improved accuracy in MRSA identification compared to conventional approaches. This integrated biosensing platform may broaden the repertoire of current bacterial detection methodologies and inspire the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40543-025-00525-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147891239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-driven adaptive adversaries and the erosion of cryptographic trust in public key systems.","authors":"Petar Radanliev","doi":"10.1186/s40543-026-00547-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40543-026-00547-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper examines the erosion of Public Key Cryptography (PKC) security under adaptive adversarial optimisation driven by artificial intelligence. The problem addressed is the growing mismatch between algorithm-centric cryptographic security models and operational attack realities, where adversaries exploit implementation-level observability rather than breaking cryptographic primitives. The methodology integrates a reproducible bibliometric analysis of Web of Science records, qualitative evidence from twenty expert interviews and three industry workshops, and a technical synthesis of AI-enabled attack mechanisms across the cryptographic lifecycle. Results show that existing research is structurally concentrated on algorithmic robustness, with no significant focus on AI-driven attack vectors, while 82% of practitioners attribute private key compromise to AI-augmented optimisation and side-channel inference. The paper's contribution is fourfold: (1) identification of a systemic research gap in AI-enabled cryptographic attacks; (2) development of an adaptive adversarial threat model spanning key generation to validation; (3) empirical validation of implementation-layer compromise mechanisms; and (4) formulation of AI-aware cryptographic resilience requirements extending beyond post-quantum approaches. The findings demonstrate that cryptographic security must be reconceptualised as an adaptive, system-level property rather than a function of algorithm strength alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13167911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147941415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loading scaffold-mediated multiple signal cycle for ultrasensitive microRNA analysis with low background signal","authors":"Zhe Zhang, Qiaoyi Xie, Chenbo Zhu, Huali Shao, Boying Wu","doi":"10.1186/s40543-025-00506-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-025-00506-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Alterations in microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles play a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of various diseases, including pediatric pneumonia. Consequently, the development of sensitive, specific, and precise methodologies for miRNA detection represents a promising tool for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. This study proposes a highly sensitive miRNA detection approach utilizing catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA)-mediated probe release through chain extension and cascade signal amplification. The method enables precise discrimination of target miRNAs from other RNA species via a dual-target recognition mechanism. Furthermore, the incorporation of four signal amplification cycles confers substantial amplification efficiency, permitting accurate detection of low-abundance miRNAs. This system employs cascade isothermal amplification, demonstrating a linear response across concentrations from 1 fM to 100 pM and achieving a detection limit of 0.54 fM. The methodology exhibits significant potential for practical application in complex biological samples, providing a novel platform for profiling miRNA expression patterns and elucidating their mechanistic roles in disease pathogenesis.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://jast-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40543-025-00506-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147905104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitive and selective detection of Staphylococcus aureus via a dual-recognition colorimetric platform based on phenylboronic acid and IgY","authors":"Yun Zhang, Chunhui Huo, Xiaohong Yang, Yanjie Cui, Yiqing Hou, Qinghe Guo, Qiongzi Wang, Mingyong Wang, Yi Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40543-025-00501-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-025-00501-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) is one of the major food-borne pathogenic bacteria that causes epidemic and food poisoning. In this study, a colorimetric sensing platform was developed for the sensitive and selective detection of S. aureus based on the synergy between 3-aminophenylboronic acid-functionalized magnetic beads (APBA-MBs) and horseradish peroxidase labeled anti-protein A IgY (HRP-IgY). Target S. aureus bacteria can be captured on the APBA-MBs and then labelled by HRP-IgY through formation of a sandwich structure. Detection of the bacteria then involves oxidation of the colorimetric HRP substrate, thereby converting S. aureus concentrations into a detectable signal. The optimized method can be performed within 120 min, with a detection limit of 9.4 × 10 2 CFU/mL . The proposed strategy was successfully applied to detection of S. aureus in spring water and apple juice samples. The dual-recognition platform showed selectivity towards S. aureus , and other common foodborne pathogens yielded negative results. The incorporation of IgY into the proposed strategy can address the lack of selectivity observed in previously reported APBA-based methods. Our strategy has potential as a versatile platform for the sensitive detection of various bacteria using corresponding IgY.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://jast-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40543-025-00501-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147878253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-loop-probe cooperating CRISPR/switch-crRNA for triple check-based highly specific cancer-related microRNA analysis","authors":"Yujin Wang, Ailing Chang, Yaran Zhai, Jincheng Zhang, Fangzhen Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40543-025-00490-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-025-00490-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Strategies for detecting microRNA (miRNA) via rolling circle amplification (RCA), combined with additional signal amplification techniques, have shown promising potential. However, achieving rapid, sensitive, and precise detection of target miRNA remains a major challenge in clinical diagnostics. The inherent limitations of insufficient selectivity have impeded the advancement of RCA-based methods. To address these challenges, we developed an innovative RCA-based approach that integrates the unique target recognition capability of a dual-loop probe with multiple signal amplification strategies, enabling highly sensitive detection of miRNA-21. In this method, miRNA-21 specifically unfolds the hairpin probe within the dual-loop structure, triggering target recycling, RCA, and Cas12a/crRNA-mediated signal generation. The proposed technique exhibits exceptional selectivity for miRNA-21, showing only a 17.8% response to single-base mismatch sequences, thereby demonstrating significantly enhanced specificity. The high specificity of this method arises from a triple-check mechanism, which includes (1) the dual-loop structure of the padlock probe, (2) the crRNA complex switching upon RCA product recognition, and (3) the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a/crRNA. Furthermore, the assay achieves an ultra-low detection limit of 412 aM, meeting the stringent requirements for trace miRNA analysis. In summary, we demonstrate that this methodology offers a novel and effective pathway for miRNA detection, with potential applications in tumor monitoring and post-therapeutic management.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://jast-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40543-025-00490-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147920864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple yet sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa detection method based on self-priming mediated conformation of split G‑quadruplex","authors":"Qian Wang, Jie Jiao","doi":"10.1186/s40543-025-00485-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-025-00485-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Accurate and reliable detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) is crucial for the early diagnosis of infections. We present a simple technique for the sensitive and reliable detection of P. aeruginosa by combining aptamer-based target recognition with self-priming induced conformation of split G-quadruplex. This approach employs an aptamer sequence for precise target detection to release the “7*” sequences which subsequently initiates DNA polymerase/endonuclease assisted chain extension and displacement-mediated cascade signal amplification. The method offers several advantages: i) it is simple, utilizing a single probe for signal amplification without the need for intricate primer design; ii) the multiple signal amplification processes confer high sensitivity, achieving a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.5 cfu/mL, which is superior to or comparable with many previous methods; iii) malachite green (MG)-mediated aggregation-induced emission is cost-effective and exhibits excellent photostability. This approach allows the entire detection process to be completed within 90 min and necessitates minimal instrumentation. This detection approach demonstrates significant promise for application in point-of-care testing.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://jast-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40543-025-00485-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147905649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual detection of Staphylococcus aureus based on magnetic bead target enrichment and rolling circle amplification","authors":"Bingying Li, Meng Yu, Siying Ma, Yingying Huang, Nenghua Zhang, Shaoyun Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40543-024-00473-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-024-00473-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Development of rapid and simple detection method holds great significance for the prevention and control of Staphylococcus aureus . Herein, the SELEX method was utilized to screen new aptamers for S. aureus . The double aptamers combined recognition target strategy were adopted to enhance specificity, and magnetic bead target enrichment and the rolling circle amplification strategy were employed to improve sensitivity, thereby achieving a highly specific and highly sensitive visual detection of S. aureus . This method can specifically identify S. aureus and has high detection sensitivity, with a minimum detection limit of 10 CFU/mL. It also shows good repeatability, with a total time consumption of less than 9 h and can be used for the visual detection of actual samples.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://jast-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40543-024-00473-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147913188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a hand-held supplementary light for extending field-based net ecosystem exchange carbon flux measurements in low light conditions.","authors":"Andreas Heinemeyer, Thomas Holmes, Anthony Jones, Bing Liu, Jason Daff","doi":"10.1186/s40543-025-00496-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40543-025-00496-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manual chamber-based carbon flux measurements are frequently used to capture terrestrial carbon cycle processes over vegetated areas. Light response curves, achieved by sequential shading, enable obtaining model parameters of light compensation points, maximum photosynthetic rates and dark respiration. However, light conditions in the field are sometimes, or in higher northern latitudes frequently limited, especially in darker seasons and areas with frequent cloud and fog, which questions the robustness of fitted model parameters. Artificial light therefore offers a crucial way to assess and address these potential limitations, especially recent advances in LED lights with improved wavelength spectra and irradiance. However, previous LED lights were fixed on the chamber top, blocking out natural light, heavy and with a high-power demand unsuitable for remote field deployment. Here we tested a handheld LED torch as a flexible, low-power and low-weight option. We investigated the wavelength spectrum and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) output under controlled conditions and applied it under light limiting field conditions. Increased PAR from short-term measurements did not increase chamber temperature significantly but improved confidence in fitted light response curves, especially for situations with higher flux variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosome enrichment from human serum using polyethylene glycol precipitation.","authors":"Reham M Marzouk, Mohamed A Gab-Allah, Hyojin Hwang, Maryam Adelipour, Hyeongyu Yu, Ga Seul Lee, Jeong Hee Moon, David M Lubman, Jeongkwon Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40543-025-00521-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40543-025-00521-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles that play key roles in intercellular communication, have great potential in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. However, isolating exosomes from complex biological matrices such as human serum remains challenging due to limitations in scalability, cost, and purity of current methods. In this study, we developed and optimized a polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation method as a cost-effective alternative to the commercial ExoQuick kit for efficient exosome enrichment from pretreated human serum. The efficiency and reproducibility of PEG precipitation were systematically evaluated and compared with ExoQuick using various analytical techniques, including size exclusion chromatography (SEC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), Western blotting, and nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS). SEC confirmed comparable exosome recovery between PEG and ExoQuick, while SEM and NTA analyses verified intact morphology and consistent size distribution of exosomes. Western blotting confirmed the presence of characteristic exosomal markers (CD63 and CD9) and a reduction of contaminating proteins such as albumin and apolipoprotein A1. Moreover, proteomic analysis by nano-LC-MS/MS identified diverse exosomal proteins, confirming the isolation of intact exosomes. Repeated PEG precipitation up to four cycles further improved exosome purity without compromising yield. These results demonstrate that PEG precipitation is a scalable, accessible, and cost-effective method that provides comparable exosome enrichment efficiency to ExoQuick. The optimized protocol offers a practical solution for analytical laboratories to enable cost-effective exosome-based studies in diagnostics and therapeutics.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40543-025-00521-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12727789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate determination of high sulfur content in sulfide samples: an optimized ICP-OES method","authors":"Lin Zhang, Min Yang, Dong Wang, Kaixin Yu, Zhuoyun Chen, Xue Bing, Peng Zhao, Yiqing Bao, Xuebo Yin","doi":"10.1186/s40543-024-00463-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-024-00463-z","url":null,"abstract":"Determination of high sulfur content in sulfide minerals is crucial for various applications, including geochemistry, mining, and environmental monitoring. While inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) is the preferred method for sulfur analysis, conventional sample preparation techniques often fall short when dealing with high sulfur concentrations. This study investigated optimized digestion conditions for accurate sulfur determination in sulfide minerals using ICP-OES. We employed anti-corrosion acid digestion bombs, an aqua regia–hydrofluoric acid system, and a digestion temperature of 180 °C, achieving exceptional results. Certified reference material recoveries ranged from 99.9 to 100.5%, with relative standard deviations between 0.42 and 0.84%. These results demonstrate the high accuracy and precision of the method. The optimized digestion protocol presented in this study provides a robust and reliable approach for accurate sulfur analysis in sulfide minerals, particularly for high concentrations.","PeriodicalId":14967,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}